polis only. Comparing the expenditure in the Metropolis for In- In the Metromaintenance and Out-door relief during the same periods, it will be seen by the following Table that there was an increase of 4,1507. or 1.2 per cent. : Paupers of all 1st January and The total number of paupers of all classes in receipt of Number of relief on the 1st day of January 1875 and 1876 respec- classes, tively, as well as those relieved on the 1st day of July 1st July 1875 and 1875 and 1876, in the several Unions in England, are shown in the following summaries : 1876. Number of adult able bodied Paupers and 1st July 1875-76. We subjoin the following Table, in continuation of that on 1st January given at page xiv of the last Annual Report, showing the number of adult able-bodied* persons in receipt of relief (in-door and out-door) in all the Unions on 1st January 1875, 1st July 1875, 1st January 1876, and 1st July 1876 respectively :— Estimate of the The next table shows the total pauperism of England for each year from 1849 to 1876. For the purpose of showing the average number of paupers at one time in each year, we have taken the mean of the numbers in receipt of relief on the 1st of July and the 1st of January respectively. The result of this computation for each year from 1849 (being the first year for which it can be given) appears in the following Table : * This class includes paupers receiving relief on account of the sickness of themselves or their families, and a large number of widows. 1849 17,534,000 133,513 955,146 1,088,659 6.2 26,558 202,265 228,823 1850 17,765,000 123,004 885,696 1,008,700 5.7 24,095 167,815 191,910 1851 17,927,609 114,367 826,948 941,315 1856 19,043,000 124,879 792,205 185719,207,000 122,845 762,165 1858 19,444,000 122,613 786,273 1859 19,578,000 121,232 744,214 1860 19,837,000 113,507 731,126 5.3 20,876 142,248 163,124 915,675 5.0 18,455 130,705 149,160 886,362 4.8 17,649 121,926 139,575 864,617 4.6 18,237 116,954 135,191 897,686 4.8 20,669 125,962 146,631 17.3 39 11 4 4 20,396 125,380 145,776 16.5 55 10 16.9 56 7 1861 20,066,224 125,866 758,055 883,921 49 21,026 167,396 188,422 1866 21,100,000 132,776 783,376 916,152 4.3 1867 21,320,000 137,310 794,236 931,546 4.4 1868 21,540,000 150,040 842,600 992,646 4 1869 21,760,000 157,740 860,400 1,018,140 4.7 1870 21,980,000 156,800 876,000 1,032,800 4.7 19,363 126,460 145,823 1871 22,704,108 156,430 880,930 1,037,360 4.6 24,700 147,760 172,460 93,763 111,985 1876 24,160,000 143,084 606,392 749,476 3.1 16,059 79,958 96,017 324 20.5 52 1 18.6 43 16.9 39 8 15.9 43 6 16.0 53 7 16.8 67 6 16.8 58 3 16 9 46 2 16 6 49 8 15.4 57 1 14.1 57 2 13.5 60 3 13.5 50 11 12.8 45 5 *The Population for 1851, 1861, and 1871 is that given in the Census; for the other years it is estimated. To this Table may be added the following: CENSUS of PAUPERS (excluding Lunatics in Asylums and Vagrants) on the 31st December 1873, 1874, 1875, and 1876. Decrease in 1876 as compared with 1873 107,337 or 13.7 per cent. Metropolitan Paupers, 1875 and 1876. The following Table exhibits the difference in the number of paupers in receipt of relief in the Metropolis on the last day of each quarter of the years 1875 and 1876 respectively. For detailed statement of the Unions, see Appendix, p. 246. Decrease in expenditure in out-relief. Decrease in 1876 compared with 11.4 per cent. 7.2 per cent. 4.9 per cent. 5.1 per cent. We advert with satisfaction to the continued decrease in the total expenditure for relief, particularly in the cost of out-door relief, which has taken place since the year 1871. In pursuance of instructions contained in our circular letter of 2nd December 1871, the subject of the administration of out-relief, and the importance of effecting a reduction in the expenditure on account of such relief, was brought by our Inspectors before the Guardians of the several Unions in their districts, at meetings which they attended for the purpose, and the decrease in expenditure which has since taken place is shown in the following Table : This result may, we trust, encourage those Guardians, by whose strenuous and well-directed exertions it has been attained, to persevere in the same course, and incite others to adopt similar measures. If the same system of administration had been followed in all Unions which has had so marked a success, not only in Unions such as the Atcham Union, but in Manchester and the Chorlton Union, in the Manufacturing District, and in Whitechapel, Stepney, and St. George-in-the-East, in the Metropolitan District, and which therefore has been practically shown to be applicable to all Unions alike, however different in their circumstances, the reduction in the amount of the expenditure would have been much greater. We have recently received from our Inspectors reports upon the subject of the administration of relief, especially that relating to the out-door poor in their several districts, from which we have selected the following extracts. As regards the Metropolitan District Mr. Hedley states : The reduction in the amount of out-relief and in the number of persons in receipt of it, has been during the last five years very large indeed, and this reduction still continues. In the first week of January 1877 the expenditure in out-relief was 4507. less than in the corresponding week of 1876, and the number of outpaupers 5,786 less. Six years ago Whitechapel had about 2,500 persons in receipt of out-relief, now 150. At the same period Stepney had over 4,000, now 160. In January 1875 Saint George-in-the-East had about 1,500, now 150. In reference to the Unions in Lancashire and adjoining counties Mr. Cane states: In April 1875 the Manchester Board of Guardians drew together a set of Byelaws or Standing Orders, setting forth the 41030. b |
