5.

6.

And another sat in his father's chair,

And talk'd, o'er his liquor, of laws;

Of the tyranny here and the knavery

there,

Till the old bit of oak

And the drunkard broke;

But the times were not the cause.

Historical View of the Poor and Vagrant Laws, from the earliest period upon record to the present time. 1838. A pamphlet full of the most ample and interesting information, accompanied with views upon the subject which in our mind are truly correct. We disapprove entirely the removing the poor from the local con. trol of their own parishes, and the care of their own magistrates, clergy, and occupiers of the soil, and placing them at the tender mercy of a paid board of Attorneys and Commissioners. We deprecate the system which thus destroys all attachment to their native places, and weakens all respect to their masters and employers. We disapprove of the substitution of Union Houses for the Old Parochial Work-Houses; we deny the propriety of the rule which forbids out-of-door relief; we consider the offer which the New Law makes to parents to enter their children into these Unions as an insult on parental feeling and a mockery of the spirit of christian charity; in fact, we argue, that our legislators had no right to turn round, as they have done, on a people educated under one law, with the increased severity of another. Should we want commentators and interpreters of this declaration, we shall find them, in the great distress which we can answer has been brought on the most industrious and worthy part of our population by the cruel operation of this law. But we must take some other opportunity to enlarge on this subject, and lay our opinions before our readers.

The Lowly Station dignified; a Sermon preached at St. James's on behalf of the Burlington Schools. By the Rev. R. C. Coxe, A.M.-Another very sensible and forcible discourse on the same subject as the last.

Religious Education, a Sermon preached at Cardel Chapel. By Henry Melville. 1838. A very interesting, well reasoned, and most eloquently-written discourse, to which we beg to direct the attention of all those who desire to see a truly Christian education spread over the country. The author justly observes, "that education can be nothing but detrimental, unless it be actually based upon the Bible; and that merely to expand the intellect of

a people, to furnish them with various kinds of knowledge, but to leave them to make a theology for themselves, is a far worse thing than the consigning them to ignorance. I prefer the untutored savage to the well-informed infidel; he is not half so dangerous, and twice as noble. Educate on the principle that you educate for eternity, deal with children as with immortal beings, let the Bible be the first book in the list of instruction, permit not the great vital truths of Christianity to be weakened, diminished, or sacrificed from popular views or secular interests, and sooner or later the richest fruits of an improved and regenerated people will reward the labour."

In Traduttore Italiano. By A. Cassella, R.S.G. - This is an instructive and amusing collection of extracts from the classical prose authors of Italy, preceded by short literary sketches of the different writers. The selection appears good, and the difficult words and idioms are well translated into both the French and English languages, which renders it a desirable work for the young Italian scholar. By means of the table of contents the name of the author of each extract may be ascertained; but we should recommend M. Cassella in his next edition also to attach them to each extract, that the young student may be aware whose pages he is reading.

Mr. Geo. Lewis's Address to the Manufacturers on the subject of Education, &c. -A very sensible and well-written pamphlet on the importance of instruction to youth to fit them as designers and artisans, and for the establishment of schools throughout the kingdom, in which the principles of those useful and elegant arts may be taught which would add to the value of many branches of our manufacturing industry, by giving to them forms of more acknowledged beauty and excellence; thus raising them above the mere mechanical and imperfect rules by which they are now too often guided, and bestowing on the commonest arts of life a truth, a spirit, and a dignity, which they have lost ever since they have forsaken the shores of Greece, and which have been buried in the deserted quarries of Paros and Pentele.

ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS IN THE
ROYAL ACADEMY.

THIS is a portion of the annual exhibition which has never received from the council of the academy the attention which the subjects demand: either the designs sent in are deficient in numbers, or a want of judgment must have in. fluenced the selection of those which are exhibited. This fault was very apparent in the former gallery; it is not remedied in the present. The room appropriated to the architectural drawings is not sufficiently large to display them to advantage, and even the brief space which is allotted is still incroached upon by another class of subjects.

If any designs have been rejected, it would be a curious speculation to endeavour to ascertain the causes which led to such a step; for among those which are exhibited we notice some which had better have been left out-puffs for railways, which will never be heard of out of the share-market, and the fittings-up of rooms by paper-hangers, neither of which description of designs have any business in the exhibition, however useful they may

be as advertisements.

We give priority, both on account of its originality and artist-like character, to a fine drawing by Mr. C. R. Cockerell, R. A. entitled,

1111. Tribute to the memory of Sir Christopher Wren, being a collection of his principal works. -The principal, if not all the known works of the great master, are brought together and grouped in a pyramidal form with great taste and skill. The summit of the eminence is crowned with the grand masterpiece of Wren, St. Paul's; on one side, the towers and intended spire of Westminster just show them selves; below the cathedral, Greenwich and Chelsea are exhibited as examples of palatial architecture, and the observatory seen in the distance of the domestic class; the vast collection of London spires spring up in the foreground and middle distance, each with its proper elevation, and every one distinctly marked in detail; the interior of a church or two in section, the Oxford Theatre, and the dome of the Physicians' College, are also shown: the entire composition forming one of the most splendid architectural groups imaginable. The well-known epitaph forms an appropriate motto; and the whole is worthy of the deepest regard, not only as a collection of fine architectural objects, but as a just tribute to a wonderful exercise of human genius. What would be the feelings of a GENT. MAG. VOL. X.

stranger to Wren and London when he witnesses this aggregation of beautiful objects, to be told that the whole were the production of one individual?-What powers of mind must that man have possessed-what an inexhaustible fund of imagination must have been at his command? We hope Mr. Cockerell will not omit to engrave this design.

In ecclesiastical architecture, there are many subjects; but the majority do not rise above common-place. Of this class the following are examples:

1063. View of the Catholic Church of St. Edmund at Bury. C. Day.

1199. The Catholic Church of St. Francis Xavier, Broud-street, Hereford. C. Day. A plain unbroken body or nave, with a recess on the principal front, in which is placed two columns, is the leading feature of each design: the first is Ionic, the second Doric; both are of Grecian architecture. In the second design, a cupola peeps above the roof, an excessively correct addition to a Grecian portico: the cross alone marks the character of the edifice; remove the sacred symbol, and the design will suit any other description of building for which it may be needed-an assembly or auction-room, a court house, or a mechanics' institution. -Why was not the Pointed style used?

1084. The new Church erecting on the Tenter-ground for the Metropolis Church fund, by Wyatt and Brandon. A plain structure with a diminutive spire set on a square tower. The chief fault is an attempt to produce more than the means of the architects allowed.

1157. New Gothic Church as approved by the Metropolitan Church Commissioners, and now commencing in the New North Road, Islington, from the designs and under the superintendance of Messrs. W. and H. W. Inwood.-W. Inwood, H. W. Inwood, and E. N. Clifton. An exceedingly bald elevation, showing a square naked wall for its principal front, in three divisions, the centre being carried up to form a tower. And what a concentration of talent is necessary to raise this pile ! We here witness three architects conjoined in building a brick wall: a century ago one was deemed sufficient to design and execute a cathedral.

1249. Model of Christ Church, Alstone, now building in the parish of Cheltenham. R. W. and C. Jerraud. An attempt at Gothic architecture; a genuine meetinghouse set off with a stock of pinnacles. It would be desirable to know the mode by which joint-stock productions in architecture are created. Are the designs in

L

dividually the work of more than one hand? Or does the plurality of names merely denote a partnership in trade?

1085. Design selected by the Committee for the New Church to be erected on Blackheath Hill. J. W. Wild.This is a lancet Gothic church, the east end polygonal, situated between two towers crowned with spires; to be grand, such a design should be executed on a large scale, and with a greater degree of expense than is likely to be allowed to a church built by subscription. The design is foreign: towers in such a situation are exceedingly rare in England, and the ridge ornaments seen on the roof are in this country confined to a solitary example.

1196. The New Parish Church of St. Martin, Dorking, Surrey. W.M.Brookes. -One of those structures which seems

to make the antiquary the more keenly regret the loss of the older church. So much of the preceding structure as exists tends to give an ecclesiastical appearance to the pile, but the tower and transepts are marred by the long ugly body with a slated roof, which serves as the nave.

1221. Sketch of the Roman Catholic Church, proposed to be erected in St. George's Fields. J. Newman. A cruciform design in the lancet style, with a central tower and spire; it appears to possess character in the general design, but the sketch does not show the detail sufficiently.

1226. The Church just erected at Honiton. C. Fowler.--A Norman design, but too lofty in its proportions: a plain spire is intended, but it is not yet completed.

There are but few designs in Grecian architecture; among which the most important are the following :

View of the Principal Front of Downing College, Cambridge, now in Progress. W. Wilkins, R.A. View of the East India College, built at Haileybury. W. Wilkins, R.A.----These drawings appear to be placed in juxta position, to show how far an exceedingly common-placed design can be varied to suit two buildings, a very favourite process with modern architects. The second is the parent design; a long line of front broken by three porticoes, one in the centre of the design, the others in the wings-equidistant from the centre. The same arrangement appears in the Cambridge College, except that two lateral porticoes appertain to separate piles of buildings, and so far are in better taste. Neither of the porticoes, however, occupies its right place at the extremity of the building, but all are placed against the

side-the common fault of a modern Grecian example.

In street architecture the following design is marked with originality.

1198. D'Oyley's Warehouse, 346, Strand, corner of New Wellington Street, now re-building. S. Beazley. The style of the decorations is that of the age of Louis XIV. upon the whole a bad school to follow, but in the present instance it is very well adapted to an extensive shop and warehouse.

1119. View in Albemarle Street of the new Front of the Royal Institution of Great Britain. L. Vulliamy.-A clever adaptation of the principal elevation of the Dogana at Rome to an older building: the principal variation from the original is in the division of the pilasters in the attic.

1098. An Attempt at a Polychromic Restoration of the Choragic Monument of Lysicrates. C. Vickers. The principal restorations consist of the golden tripod raised on the beautiful finial which crowns the tholus, the volutes of which are strengthened by golden dolphins resting on the marble scrolls which still exist on the monument. Colour is applied to the frieze, and has a very pleasing effect.

1753. Sketch of a Design for a CastIron Necropolis, adapted for Churchyards or other Cemeteries. J. Gaudy, A.-We mistook it for a retort house, in some extensive gas works; packing the undistinguished dead in cast-iron pipes and laying them one upon another in rows, and those of more importance in vats and boilers, would create ludicrous sensations, and give rise to any but proper feelings.

1105. Westminster and Greenwich Railway, View of the Terminus adjacent to the foot of Westminster Bridge, Surrey side. J. D. Paine.

1218. Westminster and Greenwich Railway. View of the Bridge crossing the Kent Road near New Cross. J. D.

Paine. We are pretty well acquainted with both these localities, and are now writing in the latter, yet have never seen either of these objects. Why is language employed to give to structures, whose erection is extremely problematical, the appearance of a present existence ?

In the old English domestic style of architecture, the following designs are the most attractive :

1068. Entrance Hall at High Cliffe, now erected for the Right Hon. Lord Stuart de Rothsay. W. J. Donthorn.

1103. Interior of the Great Hall forming part of a Gentleman's residence in Surrey, erecting under the Superintendence of B. Ferrey. - The above are specimens of the timber roofed halls of our old mansions: the roof of the first named consists of arched beams of oak, but more light and slender than ancient timber work; the hall is embellished with a large window of stained glass and paintings on the walls. The second example is a portion of the same design which appeared in last year's exhibition; it possesses more decidedly the character of an old hall, the principals are larger, and the smaller beams between them marked by the ornamental detail, usually met with in such situations; the windows are of the Tudor description, and the hall is furnished with an oriel. The architect does not state in what part of Surrey it is to be erected.

1070. The Rectory House, Kingsworthy, Hampshire. J. Buckler.

1074. Cossey Hall, Norfolk. J. Buckler. -The rectory house is a pleasing structure of red brick in the Tudor style of architecture; the chimnies and gables are introduced where they are required; they form, it is true, ornamental accessories, but are not merely ornaments without utility. Cossey Hall appears in one of the many points of view, in which this very picturesque mansion shows itself to so much advantage, the view comprises the magnificent oriel windows, the great tower, and the chapel. Both these structures are highly creditable to Mr. J. C. Buckler, from whose designs,

with the exception of the chapel at Cossey, both structures were erected.

The Turkish Empire illustrated, by Views of Constantinople and the Seven Churches, by Thomas Allom, Esq. With an Historical Account of Constantinople, by the Rev. Robert Walsh, LL.D. and Descriptions of the Seven Churches, by John Carne, Esq. 4to. Fisher and Son.If beauty and fidelity of graphic illustration, fulness and discrimination in historical and descriptive narration, and cheapness in price, will insure extensive patronage and popularity, "Fisher's Constantinople" must be pre-eminently successful. It is one of the most distinguished amongst the host of cheap and elegant publications of the age. It shows the boldness, the liberality, the enterprize of a London publisher, and at the same time manifests the resources within his power in the combination of literary and graphic talent. At no other period in England, and consequently in Europe, could such a work be produced as that now under notice. Combining, as it does, the most exquisite productions of the draftsman, Mr. Allom, and engravers of the first skill, with the literary essays of such a traveller and scholar as Dr. Walsh, the reader and purchaser may safely calculate in seeing a work replete with the excellencies of art and literature. It will consist of twenty-four monthly numbers, each containing four engravings, with appropriate letter-press.

NEW PUBLICATIONS.

History and Biography.

The History of Rome. Vol. I. By T. ARNOLD, D.D. 8vo. 168.

Memoirs of the Life and Character of Henry the Fifth, as Prince of Wales and King of England. By the Rev. ENDELL TYLER, B.D. 2 vols. 8vo. 28s.

State Papers during the Reign of King Henry the Eighth. Published under the Authority of her Majesty's Commission. Vols. IV. and V. 4to. 20s. each.

History of the Reformation in Germany and Switzerland. By J. H. MERLE D'AUBIGNE. 8vo. 10s. 6d.

Memoirs of his Own Time: the Congress of Vienna. By the Viscount DE CHATEAUBRIAND. 2 vols. 8vo. 288.

The Misfortunes of the Dauphin. Translated from the French, by the Hon. and Rev. C. G. PERCEVAL. 8vo. 15s.

Memoirs of the Life and Adventures of Col. FRANCIS MACERONI, Aide de Camp

INTELLIGENCE.

to Joachim Murat, King of Naples. 2 vols. 8vo. 248.

Correspondence of Sir Thomas Hanmer, Bart. with a Memoir of his Life. To which are added, other Relicks of a Gentleman's Family. Edited by Sir HENRY BUNBURY, Bart. 8vo. 14s.

Memorials of Myles Coverdale, Bishop of Exeter. 8vo. 6s.

Coronation.

The Book of the Court; exhibiting the Origin and peculiar Privileges of the several Ranks of Nobility and Gentry, particularly the Great Officers of State and the Royal Household; with an introductory Essay on Regal State and Ceremonial, and a full Account of the Coronation Ceremony. By W. J. THOMS, Esq. F.S.A. 8vo.

The Coronation Service, or Consecration of the Anglo-Saxon Kings, as it illustrates the Origin of the Constitution. By the Rev. THOMAS SILVER, D.C.L. of St.