of the greatest interest to Wakefield Grammarians, but which it is feared will never see the light of publication owing to his death.

On leaving Wakefield, Mr. Peacock settled in Oxford, and there examined for the Junior and Senior Oxford Locals, and for the higher branches of the Civil Service. During the War he acted as Food Controller at Oxford.

In 1904, Mr. Peacock married Dorothy, daughter of Mr. Joseph Gundry of London, who, with an only son, remains to mourn his loss. He died at Torquay, April 5th, 1929.

YORKSHIRE SCHEDULED MONUMENTS.

In March last a consolidated list of all the monuments in Great Britain, numbering over 2,500, which had been scheduled down to 31 Dec., 1928, was issued by the Commissioners of Works. The Society has already printed two lists of the Yorkshire monuments in this Journal (vol. xxviii, pp. 437-8, and vol. xxix, p. 113). A third, including all the Yorkshire ones scheduled since the issue of the last list, is appended. As before, section A includes those which are also in the Guardianship of the Commissioners of Works, but some of them do not come under section 12 of the Act. B includes those which are scheduled only.

Section

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[The Section, Reviews, Transactions, etc., of Yorkshire Societies, and Yorkshire Bibliography, is in charge of the Hon. Sec., E. W. CROSSLEY, Broad Carr, Holywell Green, Halifax, to whom allcommunications should be addressed. He will be glad to have his attention drawn to any items which may have been omitted.]

REVIEWS.

History and Architectural Description of the Priory of St. Mary, Bolton-in-Wharfedale. By A. Hamilton Thompson, M.A., D.Litt., F.S.A. Thoresby Society, vol. xxx, 1928.

This volume is a most notable contribution to Yorkshire monastic history and architecture. Professor Hamilton Thompson supervised the excavations on the site from 1922-25, which have added to our knowledge of the plan of the older church by the uncovering of the foundations of the early east wall, and of walls which divided the chapels of the transept, and have also revealed the original extent of the cloister and of later alterations made to it. In the description of the priory, in which no detail escapes comment and comparison, Professor Hamilton Thompson has disentangled the complicated architectural history of the church in a masterly fashion; in discussing the buildings and their uses he has drawn on his remarkable knowledge of monastic buildings in this country and abroad. The description is illustrated by sixty plates from photographs, in addition to a number of architectural drawings, and an admirable coloured plan of the church and monastic buildings showing the importance of the rebuilding between 1320 and 1340. The Canons of Bolton suffered such severe losses in the Scottish invasions about 1318, that the majority were obliged to disperse for a time to other houses, and the rebuilding of the presbytery on a magnificent scale could not have been undertaken without the help of wealthy friends, and particularly of the Cliffords, who had come into possession of the honour of Skipton in 1310, and were, therefore, patrons of the priory. The generous support of the laity is often unrecorded, and should be taken into account by those who hold, on literary evidence, that in the fourteenth century the monasteries were already unpopular. It is also worthy of note that prior John of Laund appears to have ruled the house from 1286 until 1330; he was in favour with Archbishop Melton, and even in the absence of any record or testimony it may be assumed that his personality counted for much when a great enterprise such as the rebuilding of the presbytery was brought to so successful an issue at a most critical time. In compiling the history of the priory from the first foundation in 1120-at Embsay in the parish of Skipton, before the canons removed to the more convenient site of Bolton

until the dissolution in 1539, Professor Hamilton Thompson has left no source unsearched among public and private records, and he has collected all that he has found. From his knowledge of the York archiepiscopal registers he has traced the relations between the Canons and the Archbishops, who were sometimes met with a conspiracy of opposition; it should be remembered that in the later centuries there was often a falling off in the quality and character of the men who took monastic vows. The last prior, Richard Mone, ruled from 1513, and in 1520 he began to build the great west tower, which was not finished when the priory was surrendered. He died two years later, leaving his chalice to the Church of Long Preston, and his vestments and the cruets and the rest of the apparel of his altar "to serve them that comes to hear service at Bolton," with ten marks for the repair of the church. There had always been an altar in the nave for services for the tenants and servants of the priory, and the nave was saved as the parish church.

To the history of Bolton Professor Hamilton Thompson has written a weighty introduction on Canons Regular of the Order of St. Augustine, tracing the history of communities of priests from the reform of Chrodegang of Metz in the eighth century, the revival of the regular life which had its origin in Italy in the eleventh century, and the first adoption of the Customs of regular Canons in England, at St. Botolph's, Colchester, shortly before 1100. The story was told in the register of Holy Trinity, Aldgate, now in the Hunterian Museum of the University of Glasgow, and was first printed by Hearne in vol. III of his edition of William of Newburgh, and it was reprinted by Dr. J. H. Round, in Essex Archæological Society Transactionsl New Series, vol. iii, 1889. From the beginning, in England, the houses of Augustinian Canons, with a few exceptions, were independent units, and with the single exception of Waltham, which had been a royal free chapel, they were subject to episcopal jurisdiction. A remarkable bull of Pope Paschal II, printed in Dugdale, vi, 106, granting the government of the Order in England to Colchester, was produced in 1509; it was not a genuine document, and apart from its doubtful form it conflicts with well-known facts. It may have been fabricated at the time of the dispute with Holy Trinity, Aldgate, which was settled by the Bishop of London in 1223.1 Of the eleven Yorkshire houses, all were new foundations; one of them, Warter, belonged to the Order of Arrouaise; in the judgment of the prior who compiled the history of the Order at the end of the eighteenth century the English and Irish houses ceased to attend general chapters at Arrouaise in Picardy in the thirteenth century, and slipped out of the Order. The Customs of the Order of Arrouaise have not been printed; a late transcript of them is in the Bibliothèque at Amiens.

Report on the Manuscripts of the late Reginald Rawdon Hastings, Esq. Vol. i. Historical Manuscripts Commission, 1928.

This report includes abstracts of a large collection of documents, nearly two hundred in number, relating to Yorkshire. The majority of the deeds belong to the property of the family of Melsa or Meaux in Sutton-in-Holderness, Bewick, East Halsham, and elsewhere, which came to Sir Ralph de Hastings in 1379, probably through his second wife. The series is valuable for details concerning that family. The most important document is a grant by Thurstan, provost of Beverley, confirming to John de Melsa land in Sigglesthorne and Walkington; and John's father, Gamel, and his grandfather, Ketel FitzNorman, are named. The editor dates this charter with confidence as belonging to the first decade of the twelfth century, in view of the fact that a Thurstan was provost from 1101-1108. But comparing it with a charter of Thurstan, provost of Beverley, to the canons of Bridlington, printed in Mr. Farrer's Early Yorkshire Charters, no. 104, it is clear, as several witnesses are common to both, that the two documents belong to the same period; and Mr. Farrer dated his document as c. 1135-47, giving evidence that a Thurstan, provost of Beverley, died in or shortly before 1152. It may, therefore, be doubted whether the Hastings deed printed in this volume can be assigned to the earlier Thurstan, and to so early a date.

Another series of deeds, about thirty-five in number, relate to Rawdon in Guiseley, a name which passed by means of a RawdonHastings marriage to the late owner of these manuscripts.

The number of documents of monastic interest is considerable, referring, among others, to the houses of Byland, Esholt, Fountains, Haltemprice, St. Sepulchre's, Hedon, Kirkstall, Meaux, Newburgh, and St. Mary's, York; and two deeds are the result of an incursion by Sir Ralph de Hastings, wrecking the mills of the priory of Malton, and diverting the water from its ancient course through the priory.

Many of the seals attached to these documents are of particular interest, including that of Isabel, widow of Sir Godfrey de Melsa, and an otherwise unknown seal of an unrecorded prior of Birstallin-Holderness.

In addition to the deeds, there are two fragments of the fourteenth century court rolls of Allerston in the North Riding; and an interesting inventory of the goods at York and Sheriff Hutton of the third Earl of Huntingdon, Lord President of the Council of the North, taken in 1596. C. T. CLAY.

Writings ascribed to Richard Rolle, Hermit of Hampole, and materials for his biography. By Hope Emily Allen. Published by the Modern Language Association of America: New York, D. C. Heath and Co.; London, Oxford University Press, 1927. xvi + 568 pp.

Miss Allen's monograph on Richard Rolle is a remarkable example of the thoroughness and precision of American scholarship in the