hics. The remainder are mostly natives of Great Britain and their descendants, who are principally Protestants.

5. The city of Quebec was, until the year 1841, the capital of British America; it is very strongly fortified, and situated half in a plain along the River St. Lawrence, and the other half on a steep, perpendicular rock, 350 feet high. These are called the upper and lower towns.

6. Montreal,* on Montreal Island, and 180 miles above Quebec, by the St. Lawrence river, is now the capital of Canada; it is the centre of the fur trade, and of the commerce with the United States. The town of the Three Rivers, on the north bank of the St. Lawrence river, is the next in importance to Quebec and Montreal. William Henry, Chambly,† and St. John's, are small towns on Sorellet River.

many of the inhabitants are of French origin? What are the rest? 3. What is said of education? The character of the French Canadian? 4. Produce? Exports? 5. What is Quebec? 6 Montreal 7 Name the other Towns.

Montreal, Mont-re-aul'. + Chambly, Sham'-ble

Sorelle, Sor-el'.

Map No. 5.-What country lies west of Canada East? C.-Wt.-What two States lie south? N.-Yk., Vt.-What State lies east? Me. -The principal River? S.-Le. Its length? (This includes the Lakes.) -What Lake does the Saguenay flow from? S.-Is. The length of the Saguenay? The Ottawa? What River unites Lakes Champlain and St. Peters? Se. The population of Quebec? Of Montreal? What three Lakes are in Canada East? S.-Js., S.-Ps., Tg.

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NEW BRUNSWICK,

> 1. NEW BRUNSWICK is situated to the east of the State of Maine, and to the north-west of Nova Scotia. Until the year 1784 it was included within the limits of the latter, which at that period was divided into two separate provinces.

2. This colony is but partially cleared, and contains extensive forests which furnish large quantities of excellent timber. The soil is generally of good quality, especially along the banks of the St. John's and other rivers.

3. The fisheries are a source of considerable wealth, and employ many of the inhabitants, the produce being with lumber the chief articles of export. Ship-building is carried on to a considerable extent.

4. The Bay of Fundy, which separates this province from Nova Scotia, is remarkable for the great and rapid rise of its tides, which often attain the height of 70 feet.

5. Frederickton, the seat of government, is situated some distance up the river St. John's. It is built chiefly of wood, and contains the government offices, several churches, and a college.

6. The city of St. John's is the most considerable place in New Brunswick, and has an extensive commerce. St. Andrew's, at the head of Passamaquoddy Bay, is the next in trade and population. Chathain and New Castle are small towns on the Mirimichi River.

Map No. 7.-Which is the chief river? S.-Js.-What island lies near New Brunswick? P.-Es.-Gulf to the eastward? S.-Le.-Two bays north-east? Cs., Mi.-Bay on the south? Fy.-Peninsula south east? N.-Sa. The population of St. John's? Of Frederickton? St. Andrew's? Chatham? New Castle? On what river is the city of St. John's?

New Brunswick. Q.-1. How is New Brunswick situated? In what was it included? 2. What is said of the soil? 3. The chief articles of export? What is an important branch of industry? 4. Of the Bay of Fundy? 5. The Capital? 6. St. John's? St. Andrew's ?

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NOVA SCOTIA.

1. NOVA SCOTIA was first settled by the French, and named by them Acadia. In 1763 it was conquered by Great Britain, and since that time has been called by its present name.

2. It is a large peninsula, 280 miles long, and from 50 to 100 broad. On the coast the soil is generally poor, but in the interior and northern parts it is well adapted to cultivation.

3. Wheat and other grains, with potatoes of the finest quality, are raised to some extent. Coal, and gypsum, or plaster of paris, are found in vast quantities, and with fish, grindstones, &c., are largely exported: copper, iron, and various other minerals, also abound.

4. Halifax, the capital, is situated on one of the finest harbours in the world, and contains the most extensive dock-yard in British America. Lunenburg, Liverpool, Yarmouth, and Pictou, are all places of some trade; from the latter, coal is shipped to the United States.

5. CAPE BRETON ISLAND.-Cape Breton is a large Island, separated from Nova Scotia by the Gut or Strait of Canso; it is about 110 miles in length, and from 30 to 80 in breadth, and is divided into two nearly equal portions by an arm of the sea called the Bras d'Or.

6. Agriculture is in a backward state, the Cod Fishery attracting the chief industry of the people. This island was in 1820 politically attached to Nova Scotia, and sends two members to the House of Assembly.

7. Louisburg, which the French carefully fortified, was once a place of great importance, but it is now entirely deserted; and Sidney, a village of about 800 inhabitants, is all the capital Cape Breton possesses. Arechat, on Isle Madame, is the largest town belonging to Cape Breton.

Map No. 7.-What Islands lie east_and south-east of Nova Scotia ? C.-Bn., Se.-What Island north? P. Es.-What separates Nova Scotia and Cape Breton? G.-Co.-What Ocean on the south-east? Ac.-What Bay on the north-west? Fy.- What is the population of Halifax? Lunenburg? Liverpool? Arechat? Yarmouth?

Nova Scotia. Q.-1. By whom was Nova Scotia first settled? What was its first name? When was it conquered by Great Britain? 2. What Is this Colony? What is said of its soil? 3. Its productions? Its minerals? 4. The capital and other towns? 5. What is Cape Breton? How is it divided? 6. What is said of its agriculture, &c.? When was it attached to Nova Scotia? 7. What is said of Louisburg, &c.?

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1. PRINCE EDWARD'S ISLAND.-Prince Edward's is a fine fertile island in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, lying nearly parallel to the coasts of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick.

2. The soil is good and well adapted to agriculture, which is in a more improved state than in any of the neighbouring colonies. Char lotte Town is the capital, with 3,500 inhabitants. There are several other small towns.

NEWFOUNDLAND.

3. NEWFOUNDLAND is a large island, situated at the mouth of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and forming the most eastern part of British America. The soil is mostly barren, and the timber scanty and of small size.

4. It owes its importance to its Cod fisheries, which are the most valuable in the world. The fish are caught in vast numbers upon certain shallow places in the sea in the vicinity of the island, called the Banks of Newfoundland.

5. A great number of vessels and men (chiefly American and French) here find employment, while the inhabitants of the island carry on their fisheries along the shore.

6. The fishing business is dangerous, but profitable, it is an ad mirable nursery for the hardy seamen of the New England states, and furnishes us with an important article of export to other countries. The Seal fishing has of late years attracted much attention.

7. St. John's is the principal place in the island; the houses are all built of wood, and the town has in consequence suffered severely froin fires. Harbour Grace is, next to St. John's, the most important town.

Map No. 7.-What separates Prince Edward's Island from New Brunswick? Nd.-St.-What bounds Newfoundland on the east? A. On. On the west? G. S.-Le.-What Strait separates it from Laba. dor? Be.-What banks arc near the Island? How long and wide is the Grand Bank? Newfoundland? What is the population of st John's? Of Harbour Grace? Of Placentia ?

Prince Edward's Island. Q.-1. What is Prince Edward's Island ? 2. What is said of the soil and agriculture? The capital, &c.? Newfoundland. Q.-3. What is Newfoundland? 4. To what does it owe its importance? 5. What are they called? Who find employ ment there? 6. What is said of the fishing business, &c.? What does it furnish us with? 7 Describe St. John's. Harbour Grace

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1. THE UNITED STATES form one government, comprising thirty-one states, six territories, and one federal district. They occupy the most valuable and productive part of North America, and rank amongst the most powerful, commercial, and wealthy nations of the globe.

2. They are distinguished for the freedom and excellence of their political institutions, the rapid increase of the popula tion, and for the intelligence, industry, and enterprise of the inhabitants.

3. The territory of the United States is very extensive; it ranges through 25 degrees of latitude, and 58 degrees of longitude. The frontier outline has an extent of more than 10,000 miles, and a line drawn from north-west to south-east would measure 2800 miles.

4. In so vast a region there is of course included a great variety of surface, soil, and climate. It is well watered by noble streams, which not only give fertility to their borders,

United States. Q.-1. What do the United States form? Con prising what? What do they occupy? 2. For what are they distin guished? 3. What is said of the territory? 4. What does it include