mountainous. The climate is healthful, and the soil generally good, especially in the valley of the Connecticut river.

3. The chief products are the grains, &c. common to New England orchards are numerous; cider is produced in considerable quantities; and butter and cheese are made annually to a great amount.

4. The manufactures of Connecticut are extensive and various. The principal articles are cotton, woollen, and silk goods, clocks, cutlery, buttons, carriages, &c. The foreign trade is chiefly with the West Indies, but is less extensive than that along the coast.

5. The provision made for the public education of the people in this state, is more liberal than in any other part of the world. The interest of the school fund affords instruction to nearly ninety thousand children.

6. Perhaps no Atlantic state has sent so large a number of activ and industrious settlers to the western country as Connecticut; and her emigrants, wherever found, are among the most enterprising and industrious part of the population.

said of the surface? Of the climate and soil? 3. What are the chief products? What is said of orchards, &c.? 4. Of the manufactures? The principal articles? The foreign trade? 5. Public education? What does the interest of the school fund afford? 6. What is said of

7. The seat of government is, alternately, at New Haven and Hart ford. The former city is on a bay in Long Island Sound. It is built in squares, with straight and wide streets, and its regularity and neatness are much admired.

8. Yale College was removed to this city from Saybrook in 1717. Besides the college buildings, there are several churches and other public edifices that excite attention. The boarding-schools and seminaries for youth of both sexes are highly respectable and well conducted.

9. Hartford is on the Connecticut river, 50 miles from its mouth. During a few years past, it has rapidly increased in commerce, popu lation and wealth. It is the seat of Washington College, and of the Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb, the first institution of the kind established in the United States. Wethersfield, 4 miles south from Hartford, is noted for its trade in onions. It contains the State Prison.

10. New London and Stonington employ a number of vessels in the whale and seal fisheries. Middletown and Norwich are extensively engaged in manufactures. Litchfield was long noted for its law. school; Bristol and Plymouth for their manufactures of clocks; Collinsville for axes, and Waterbury for buttons. Saybrook was the first place in this state occupied by the English.

89

Map No. 8.--What state bounds Connecticut on the north? Ms. -On the east? R.-I.-West? N.-Y.-South? L.-I. Sd. How long is Long I. Sound? To what state does Long I. belong? N.-Y. -What rivers flow into the Sound? Ct., Ts., Hk. The length of each? How far is the Connecticut navigable? For what kind of vessels? The Housatonick? Point out the other rivers. What is the population of New Haven? Of Hartford? Which are the four next largest towns, and their population? N.-Ld., Dy., Nh., Ld.—On what river is New London? Norwich? Middletown? Haddam? &c.

How many miles is it by the scale from New Haven to Hartford? What county town is about the same distance? Ld.-The city of New York, Northampton on the Connecticut river, and Block Island, are all about the same distance from New Haven. How many miles is it? Hartford is nearly half way between New York and Boston. How many miles is it from each? New Haven is about the same dis. tance from Newport, Providence, and Worcester. How many miles is it? Hartford is situated very nearly half way between the eastern and western extremities of the state. How many miles is it from each? Hartford is about the same distance from Providence and Poughkeepsie. How many miles is it from each? How far is New Haven from the north line of the state? From the north-east corner of the state? From the north-west corner?

settlers to the western country? Of emigrants? 7. Of the seat of govern. ment? Describe New Haven. 8. Yale College, &c. 9. Hartford. 19. What is said of New London? Stonington? Norwich? Litchfield? &c.

1. THE Middle States comprise New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. They occupy one of the finest portions of the Union, and are distinguished for their rapid growth in prosperity and wealth, and for the enterprise and industry of their inhabitants.

2. These states exhibit some of the most mountainous tracts in the Union. The Alleghany, the Blue Mountains, and other ranges, stretch through the country from southwest to north-east. They are almost universally covered with forests, and contain many wild solitudes among them that are seldom or never visited by man.

3. The climate is generally more mild than in the New England States, except in the northern parts of New York, where the cold of winter is equally severe.

4. A great portion of the soil of the Middle States is fertile, well cultivated, and produces large crops of excellent wheat,

Middle States. Q.-1. What do the Middle States comprise? What do they occupy? For what are they distinguished? 2. What do these statos exhibit? With what are they covered? 3. What is said

Q

Indian corn, rye, oats, and barley. The fruits are chiefly apples, pears, peaches, and plums.

5. The most useful minerals, coal, iron, salt, and lime, abound to a great extent in various parts of the country and mining is actively pursued, especially in the coal regions of Pennsylvania.

6. The commerce of the Middle States is extensive, and is carried on chiefly through the cities of New York and Philadelphia. The internal trade is greatly facilitated by the numerous canals and rail-roads which extend through the different parts of the country.

7. The manufactures are important and various; a vast amount of capital and labour is employed in their fabrication, and thousands of both sexes are supported by them.

8. In the Middle States common-school education is not so general as in most parts of New England, except in the state of New York, where great attention has been paid to the subject.

9. In Pennsylvania, a system has been adopted that will afford the means of education to all classes of the people; the same is mainly true respecting New Jersey; but in Delaware, the plans pursued for that purpose have not as yet proved very efficient.

91

10. The great body of the people in the Middle States are of British descent; but in some parts of Pennsylvania there are many Germans, who speak only their own language, and are often ignorant of the English tongue. In New York and New Jersey, there are a number of the descendants of the original Dutch settlers of New York, and in some sections that language is partially spoken.

11. At the close of the revolutionary war, so many emigrants from the eastern states settled in New York, that a majority of the present population of that state are natives of New England, or their descendants. These, by their industrious habits, their enterprise and general intelligence, have contributed much to the prosperity of that section of the Union.

of the climate? 4. Of the soil? The crops? 5. What is said of the minerals? Of mining? 6. The commerce? The internal trade? 7. The manufactures? 8. Of common-school education? In New York? 9. In Pennsylvania? In New Jersey and Delaware?

10. Of what descent are the great body of the people? What of the Germans? Dutch? 11. Of emigrants from the New England states? What have they contributed?

う

Map No. 11.-Which is the largest of the Middle States? N.-Y.The second in extent? Pa.-Third? N.-J.-Fourth? De.-Which extends farthest north and east? N.-Y.-South? De.-West? Pa.Which state has the greatest extent of sea-coast? N.-Y.-Which has no sea-coast? Pa.-The Middle States extend from latitude 38 to 45 degrees. How many degrees of latitude, then, do they include? They extend from longitude 5 degrees east of Washington, to about 34 west?-How many degrees of longitude do they include? Which is the largest Island belonging to the Middle States? Lg.. What is its length? The next in size? Sn. - This Island forms Richmond county, in New York.-Which are the principal mountains? Ay., Be., Cl., Mn.-Which is the highest mountain? My.How high is it?-Which are the chief rivers that flow into the Ocean! Hn., De., Sa. -Which two form the Ohio? Ay., Ma. - How long are all these rivers?-Which state has the greatest extent of lake coast? N.-Y.-The next? Pa.- How long is each of these lakes? - For what are they navigable?-How far is it from New York to Bristol, England? - From New Jersey to Italy? - From Delaware to Turkey?-From Philadelphia to Norfolk ?

View of the lower part of the City of New York.

1. NEW YORK is the most flourishing, wealthy, and popu lous state in the Union. It exhibits one of those amazing examples of growth and prosperity that are no where seen on the globe beyond our own borders.

New York. Q 1 What is New York? What does it exhibit?