are raised with great facility; the beef, butter, and cheese, are well known for their excellence, and wool is an important product.

3. This state is entirely in the interior, yet, by Lake Cham. plain, and the Canal of the same name, steam-boats and other vessels have brought its territory into connection with the sea.

4. Part of the trade of Vermont goes by the canal to Albany, and part down Lake Champlain to Montreal. Immense rafts of timber, containing houses for lodging the crews, are often seen sailing up the lake towards the canal, on their way to Albany, and the towns on the Hudson.

5. The territory forming this state was first explored by the French from Canada, but was settled by the English more than a hundred years ago. During the revolutionary war, Vermont acted a conspicuous part, and the name of Green Mountain Boys, acquired by the bravery of her soldiers, has ever been regarded as a title of renown.

6. Montpelier, the capital of the state, is a neat little town on the Onion river. Burlington is the largest place in the state, and the most commercial town on Lake Champlain. It contains the University of Vermont. This place is 38 miles west from Montpelier.

7. Bennington, in the southwest corner of the State, is celebrated for the victory obtained by General Stark, in 1777, over a detachment of Hessians belonging to Burgoyne's army.

8. Middlebury and Rutland, on Otter creek, and Brattleboro', Norwich, and Windsor, on the Connecticut river, are small but flourishing towns; the latter contains the Norwich University. Middlebury is the seat of Middlebury College.

Map No. 8.-What river bounds Vermont on the east? Ct.-What state does it separate from Vermont? N.-H.-What Lake bounds Vermont on the west? Cn.-What state does it separate from Vermont? N.-Y.-What country lies north of Vermont? Ca. -What state lies south? Ms.-What four streams flow into Lake Champlain? Me., L.-Me., On., Or.-What two Islands are in Lake Champlain? N.-Ho., S.-HO.-These, with a small peninsula lying north of them, form the county of Grand Isle.-What Lake is partly in this state and partly in Canada? Mg.-What mountains extend through the state? Gn. Which is the highest peak? Md.- How high is it?-What other peaks? C.-Rp., Kn. When was the battle of Bennington fought? What rivers flow into the Connecticut?

Mountains? 2. Of the soil? Cattle, &c.? 3. What is said of the State? 4. Of the trade? Of the rafts on Lake Champlain? 5. The Revolutionary War? 6. Describe Montpelier. 7. Bennington. 8. And other towns.

1. MASSACHUSETTS is the oldest and most important of the New England States. It is the most thickly settled section of the Union, and is distinguished for the enterprise and public spirit of its citizens.

2. The agriculture is conducted with skill and intelligence; but commerce, manufactures, and the fisheries, are the great objects of pursuit. The shipping amounts to nearly one-third of the whole owned in the United States, including a large proportion of the whaling vessels. Massachusetts is the leading State in railroads, and a greater number centre in Boston than in any other city of the Union.

3. The literary, religious, and charitable institutions of Massachu setts, are important, and in a flourishing condition. Harvard Univer sity, at Cambridge, is the oldest and best endowed literary establishmen n the Union. Williams College, at Williamstown, and Amherst Co' lege, at Amherst, are also respectable institutions.

Massachusetts. Q.1. What is Massachusetts ? For what is it distinguished? 2. What is said of the agriculture? Commerce? Manufactures? Fisheries? Shipping? Railroads? 3. What is said of literary and other institutions? Of Harvard University?

4. This State contains a number of flourishing towns and villages, many of which are distinguished for the neatness of their buildings, and the elegance of their churches.

5. Boston, the Capital of the State, is situated on a peninsula at the head of Massachusetts Bay. This city is considered the literary and commercial metropolis of New England. Its shipping amounts to more than one-eighth of the whole tonnage of the Union, and its trade extends to all parts of the world. This city is noted for the number and elegance of its public buildings, among which are the State House, the New Market House, Tremont House, the Hospital, &c.

6. The American Revolution commenced in Boston. Its port was closed in 1774, by order of the British Government, and a garrison placed in it. It was, in consequence, besieged by the Americans under General Washington, who compelled the British to leave the town.

Bunker Hill Monument.

7. Charlestown is connected with Boston by two bridges. It is situated on a peninsula, the centre of which is occupied by Bunker Hill, celebrated for the battle fought on it during the revolutionary war. The Bunker Hill Monument, built of granite, is 220 feet high from its base, which is thirty feet square. Cambridge, three miles north. west of Boston, contains Harvard University.

8. Salem is the second city in the state for commerce. Newburyport has considerable trade. Beverley, Gloucester,* and Marblehead, are largely engaged in the cod fisheries, and Nantucket and New Bedford carry on the whale-fishing to a greater extent than any other places in the world.

9. Lowell, on the Merrimack river, is famous for its cotton and woollen mills, and its great extent of water power. Lawrence, a new manufacturing town, on the same river, but further down, has also an extensive water power. Taunton and Fall River are considerable manufacturing towns. Lynn is noted for the vast amount of boots and shoes made in it; and Lexington for being the place where the first battle was fought during the revolutionary war.

4. What does this state contain? 5. Describe Boston. Its shipping. Trade. Buildings, &c. 6. What is said of the American revolution? What did the British Government do? What did the American army do? 7. Describe Charlestown, &c. The Bunker Hill Monument. 8. De. scribe Salem, Newburyport, Nantucket, and New Bedford. 9. Describe

Glos'-ter.

10. At Plymouth the first settlers or pilgrims landed in the year 1620. The anniversary of that event is still observed. Worcester,* Springfield, Northampton, and Pittsfield, are all thriving and important towns. Springfield contains an United States' armory, at which great numbers of fire-arms are made.

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Map No. 8.-What bounds Massachusetts on the north? N.-H., Vt. - On the south? R.-I., Ct. On the west? N.-Y.-What ocean on the east and south? Ac.- What three mountains are in Massachusetts? Wt., He., Tm.-The range west of the Connecticut river, is called the Housatonick Mts.: it is a continuation of the Green Mts. Which are the principal rivers? Ct., Mk.-How long are they? The other rivers? Be., Hk., Dd., Wd., Ms., Ce., Na., Cd.-What capes are on the coast? An., Cd., Mr.- What bays? Ms., C.-Cd., Bs. What islands? Nt., M.-Vd.-What counties do these islands form? Nt., Ds. - Which is the most northern county? Ex. - The most southern? Nt. -The most eastern? Be.. - The most western? Be.- What is

the capital? Bn. - Its population? In what county is it? A., Suffolk County. What four places have each a population of upwards of 10,000? Ll., Sm., N.-Bd., Cn. — In what year was the battle of Lex. ington fought? Bunker's Hill? What rail-roads centre in Boston?

Tell by the Scale what capital lies about 90 miles from Boston. Hd. -What county town in Maine lies a few miles farther? Pd.-This is the most important place in the state, and was formerly the capital. What county towns in Connecticut are about the same distance from Boston as Portland? Mn., Hm., N.-Ln.· What island belonging to Rhode Island is not quite so far? Bk. What island in Massachu. setts is about the same distance? Nt.-What is the name of the

county and county town? Nt.- What does this island carry on to a great extent? par. 8.- How far is Providence from Boston? Wor. cester? Amherst? Exeter? How far is Augusta? Montpelier? In what states are the two last? What towns on Massachusetts Bay?

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RHODE ISLAND.

1. RHODE ISLAND is the smallest state in the Union, but is → pleasantly situated, and possesses numerous facilities for com merce and manufactures.

Lowell, Taunton, &c. 10. Plymouth and the other towns.
Rhode Island. Q. 1. What is Rhode Island? What does it pcs-

* Worcester, Woos'-ter.

+ The flag denoting this battle is near Charlestown,

2. The face of the country is mostly level, except in the north-west, which is hilly and rocky. Part of the state has a thin and poor soil, but the islands bordering on the Narragansett Bay are of great fertility, and are celebrated for their fine cattle.

3. This state is extensively engaged in the cotton manufacture, and took the lead in that branch of industry. The first cotton-mill erected in the United States was built here.

4. Rhode Island had no Constitution of government for 179 years, except the Charter granted by Charles II., in 1663. In 1842, after some dissensions, occasioned by party differences, a new Constitution was formed more suitable to the times, and similar in principle to the Constitutions of the other states.

5. Providence, on the river of the same name, 35 miles from the sea, is the second city in New England in population, wealth, and commerce. It contains the State House, Brown University, the Arcade, a number of churches, &c. Its manufactures are various and important.

6. Newport, near the entrance of Narragansett Bay, is noted for the beauty of its situation and salubrious air. Its harbour is one of the finest in the United States. Rhode Island, on which it is situated, has, from its beauty and fertility, been called the Eden of America.

7. Bristol is a handsome and flourishing town: its foreign and coasting trade is considerable. The villages of Pawtucket, Slatersville, Woonsocket, and Pawtuxet, are noted for their manufactures; the first is situated on both sides of the Pawtucket or Blackstone river, and is partly in this state, and partly in Massachusetts.

Map No. 8.-What state bounds Rhode Island on the north and east? Ms.-The west? Ct.-What ocean on the south? Ac.-What is the principal bay? Nt. Which are the two principal islands? R.-Id., Bk. What county do they belong to? Nt. Which are the capitals? Pe., Nt. Their population ?-In what county is Providence ↑ Pe. In which is Newport? Nt.

88.

CONNECTICUT.

1. CONNECTICUT, the southernmost of the New England States, is noted for the excellence of its literary institutions, and for the intelligence, enterprise, and good morals of the people. 2. It has a varied surface of hill and dale, but is seldom

sess? 2. What is said of the country? Of the soil, &c.? 3. What is this state engaged in? 4. What is said of the Constitution? What occurred in 1842? 5. Describe Providence. 6. Newport. 7. Bristol, Pawtucket, &c.

Connecticut. Q. 1. For what is Connecticut noted? 2. What is