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four sergeants at mace, two beadles, a commoncrier, a water-bailiff, a goaler and a bridewellkeeper.

The borough sends two members to parliament, who are elected by the burgesses at large in number between 700 and 600.

CHURCHES The following Churches are mentioned in domesday book, as standing in the conqueror's time, viz. The Holy Trinity, St. Austin, St. Michael, St Mary, St. Botolph (or Whitton church,) St. Laurance, St. Peter, St. Stephen, and Thurlweston. Of these, the three former are demolished. They were most likely destroyed by the tempest recorded by Stow, who informs us, "On new-year's day at night, 1287, as well through vehemency of the wind as violence of the sea, many churches were overthrown and destroyed, not only at Yarwouth, Dunwich, and Ipswich, but also in divers other places in England."

There are at present, twelve churches standing in Ipswich.

St. Clements. This church was early and wholly impropriated to the priory of St. Peter, without any vicarage created; and its being thus impropriated, when the last valuation was made, occasioned its not being valued in the king's books. The impropriation was granted, 7 Edw. VI. to William Webb and William Breton; but afterwards it came into

the hands of Robert Broke and William Bloise, who presented a clerk to the rectory in 1606, and thereby restored the rector to all the rights and dues which he was entitled to before the impropriation was made. This church is now consolidated with St. Hellen's. "King Richard gave the hamlet of Wykes (in this parish) to John Oxenford, bishop of Norwich, for which the town was allowed to deduct from the fee farm, the sum of £10. The bishop of Norwich holdeth it, but it is not known by what service." The hamlet and mannor of Wykes-bishop was afterwards confirmed to John le Gray, bishop of Norwich, by king John; and it belonged to the bishops of Norwich till it was given to Henry VIII. by an act of parliament in 1535, who granted it in 1545 to sir John Jermie, knt. While the bishops of Norwich had it, they used frequently to reside at their house situated near the south side of the road, leading towards Nacton from Bishops-hill; where there is now a square field which seems as if formerly it had been moated round. Many institutions, &c, are said in the books of Norwich to have been granted at this place. The manor of Wykes-bishop is now vested in the heirs of sir Samuel Barnardiston, of Brightwell. The church of Wykes is sometimes mentioned in old writings; but it is not known where it stood; and possibly it might be no more than

a chapel, for the use of the bishop and his family.

Within this parish of St. Clement lieth also part of the hamlet of Wykes Ufford, though the greater part of it is in the parishes of Rushmere and Westerfield; it was so called from the family of De Uffords, who were earls of Suffolk, to whom it was formally granted. William De Ufford, earl of Suffolk, died seized of it 5 Richard II. Afterwards the Willoughbys had it by descent from Charles Brandon, duke of Suffolk. In queen Elizabeth's time, sir John Brewes, then sir Edmund Wythipol, and it has gone with Christ-Church estate ever since, being now vested in the Rev. Dr. Fon

nereau.

Beyond St Clement's street, and between the two hamlets stood St. James's chapel, now wholly demolished; this did, probably, belong to St. James's hospital. And the field near which it stood, is glebe, belonging to the rectory of St Hellen. From hence, and from the grant of St. James's fair, it may be conjectured

that there was some connection between St. James's hospital and the Leprous-house of St. Mary Magdalene, which is said to have stood some where opposite to St. Hellen's church, certain it is, King John, within three weeks, after he succeeded to the crown, granted a fair to the lepers of St. Mary Magdalene in Ipswich

to be held on the day and morrow of St. James the apostle; some small remains of which fair still continue. When the Leprous-house of St. Mary Magdalene was dissolved, the revenues of it were annexed to the rectory of St. Hellen of Caldwell, 9 Henry VIII. And with them probably the revenues of St James's hospital; for, besides the piece of glebe befere mentioned the rector of St. Hellen was entitled to some portion of the tythes arising annually from the lands in the hamlet of Wykes-bishop; and for this portion, a composition was constantly paid. by the rector of St. Clement, before the consolidation of the two churches.

St. Hellen. Although this church was formerly impropriated to the hospital of St. James, or St. Mary Magdalene, it has been instituted into a rectory, above two hundred years. The bishop of Norwich had the advowson till he parted with the manor of Wykes.

In a field almost opposite to Caldwell-hall, now called cold-hall, on the south of the road leading to Kesgrave, stood the church of St. John baptist, in Caldwell; of which there are no remains. It was impropriated to Trinity priory, and granted with that to Sir Thomas Pope.

St. Edmund a Pountey, corruptly so called for Pontiniac in France, where he was buried, had a chapel which stood towards the south

west corner of Rosemary-lane. Brook-street; and which was impropriated to St. Peter's priory; but being in the gift of the bishop of Norwich, as St, Hellen's was, they were given to the same incumbent till they were united. John de Bergham is mentioned 26 Edward I. as parson of St. Edmund's chapel, in Ipswich. This St. Edmund was Archbishop of Canterbury, and being weary of the pope's exactions in England, became a voluntary exile at Pontiniac in France, where he died, in 1240; with the honour and reputation of a saint. The rector of St. Hellen enjoys a portion of corn tithes from certain lands in Hoxne, one field of which is called Pountney close; and these tithes did probably, belong to this chapel.

St. Laurence is said, in Domesday, to have had twelve acres of land. Norman, the son of Eadnoth, gave this church to Trinity priory, who got it impropriated to them. But there having been no Prædial tithes belonging to it for many years, there was no grant of the impropriation at the dissolution. The present building was begun by John Bottold, who died in 1431. The chancel was built by John Baldwyn, draper, who died in 1449; and his name is in the stone work under the east window, now plastered over. Several legacies were about that time given towards building the

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