headed at Drogheda in 1467. There are other monuments worthy of attention. Passing through Nicholas street to Patrick street, we come to St Patrick's Cathedral, the finest of the churches of Dublin. It was commenced in 1190, and occupies the site of a place of worship erected by St Patrick. It is built in the form of a cross, with nave, transepts, choir, and Lady chapel.

It contains a few monuments of interest. Dean Swift is buried here, beneath a marble slab; and near by is the slab which covers the remains of Mrs Johnston, or "Stella." The cathedral having become greatly dilapidated in late years, a well-known and public-spirited brewer of Dublin, Mr Guinness, commenced, about fifteen years ago, its complete restoration at his own cost. The amount expended upon the work was upwards of £150,000.

In the rear of the Cathedral, and not far off, is Aungier street, in which, at No. 12, Thomas Moore was born on the 28th of May 1780. His father kept a shop in Aungier street, and was a respectable grocer and spirit dealer. The shop continues exactly as it was to the present day, is employed for the same trade, and over it is the little drawing-room in which Mr Moore himself tells us that he used to compose his songs, and with his sister and some young friends acted a masque of his own composing. Moore was not ashamed of his humble birth-place. "Be "he said to 66 me, when you go to Dublin to visit the old shop in Aungier street. -W. H.

sure,

Near by is St Stephen's Green, one of the finest squares in the city. On the west side is the Royal College of Surgeons, the Museum of which, readily ac

cessible, contains some objects of interest. In the centre of the Green is Van Nort's statue of George II. On the east side is the Irish Industrial Museum, containing a collection of Irish building-stones, and of various articles used in manufacturing pottery, colours, textile fabrics, &c.

Leaving the Green, and turning into Earlsfort terrace, we soon reach the Exhibition Palace, in which, in 1865, the International Exhibition was held. The buildings and grounds remain as a permanent institution of Dublin. They consist of an exhibition hall, concert rooms, winter garden and promenade, and ornamental pleasure grounds: open daily, admission, Is. Returning along the east side of St Stephen's green, we enter at the corner of the Green, Merrion row, passing along which to the right we enter Merrion street, at No. 24 in which the Duke of Wellington was born in 1769. Close by, at No. 30 Merrion square, Daniel O'Connell formerly resided. On the N. side of Leinster Lawn is the National Gallery; and opposite is the Museum of the Royal Dublin Society. A little further on is Westland row, in which is St Andrew's Chapel, a Doric edifice, finished in 1834. In the interior, over the tabernacle, is a group by Hogan, representing the Transfiguration. The station of the railway to Kingstown is in this row. Turning to the right along Great Brunswick street, and following Clarence street, we reach the river Liffey at Sir John Rogerson's Quay, the view from which is fine. Those who desire may cross here by ferry-boat, and visit the Docks and also the Custom House, which is in view on the opposite side.

Having made this promenade which includes most of the objects of interest in the city, the

tourist, starting again from Sackville street, for Phoenix park, will pass on his way the few objects which remain unvisited. Turning out of Sackville street, and following the river, we pass Wellington, Essex, and Richmond bridges, and, on King's Inn Quay, reach the FOUR COURTS, an imposing pile, in which the courts of justice are held. The river facade is 450 feet in length. Phoenix park contains 1,750 acres, of which 1,300 are open to the public. Not far from the entrance is the Wellington Testimonial, erected in 1817 by the citizens of Dublin. It is a quadrangular obelisk of granite. On each side of the pedestal are sunken panels with representations in metal, in relief, one representing Wellington crowned with laurel, the others representing scenes in the military life of the great commander. The obelisk is 205 feet high, and cost £20,000. The Zoological Garden in the north-east part of the park contains a small collection only. The residence of the Lord Lieutenant, called "The Lodge," is in the park; and on the south side is a military school, at which 400 boys, sons of soldiers, are educated.

embraces Killing Bay, Howth, the Mourne Mountains, the town of Bray, with Shank Hill Mountain and the Sugar Loaves in the background; and south, Wicklow Head. In very clear weather, the Welsh mountains may be seen. In the neighbourhood are several fine mansions and parks which may be visited. Bray is also convenient headquarters for excursions to the glen of Dargle and to Powerscourt, the magnificent seat of Lord Powerscourt. The estate contains 26,000 English acres.

Another pleasant excursion is that from Dublin to HOWTH, about eight miles from Dublin by rail. Howth Castle is a fine structure of the sixteenth century, and is rich in historical associations. The extensive pleasure grounds are open to the public on Saturdays from 2 to 6 P.M. Howth Abbey, an interesting ruin of the thirteenth century, is situated in a delightful spot overhanging the sea. The Hill of Howth, near the village, affords delightful views.

A longer excursion but of sufficient interest to warrant the traveller not pressed for time, to undertake it, is that to the Devil's Glen, the Seven Churches, and the Vale of Ovoca. The excursion is made by rail as far as Bray and Rathnew, thence by car. It occupies one long day.

ROUTE 6.

CORK TO LIMERICK.*

63 miles; first class, 11s.; second, 8s. 2d.; third, 4s. 9d.

HE route is the same as that to Killarney (Route 3) as far as Mallow Junction. At CHARLEVILLE (Route 5) the tourist quits the Cork and Dublin line, taking the Cork and Limerick Direct Railway, and proceeding direct to Limerick by Bruree (which possesses the ruins of a strong fortress enclosed by a rampart wall), Croom, and Patrick's Well. There is little of interest on the route until we reach LIMERICK (Hotel: Cruise's).

It is situated on the Shannon, and comprises the old and new town. The older portion is divided into the Irish Town and the English Town, and the new town is called Newton Pery. The latter has been built chiefly within the present century, and possesses many fine buildings, streets, and squares. The streets of the old town are for the most part narrow, and the houses have a decayed and dilapidated appearance, and present a striking contrast with those of Newton Pery.

Limerick is associated with many events of historic interest. It was taken by the Danes in the 9th century. At the end of the 10th century it was conquered by Brian Boroimhe, and became tributary to the King of Munster. In 1210 King John visited Limerick, and caused Thomond Bridge to be built. Edward Bruce besieged it in 1314, and burned the

* Passengers proceeding from Dublin to Limerick leave the main line at Limerick Junction (see Route 4).

suburbs. At the end of that war the city was strongly fortified.

The most interesting objects at Limerick are the cathedral and the castle, both in the English Town, and near together. The cathedral was commenced as far back as the last of the 12th century, by Donald O'Brien, King of Limerick; but little of the original structure remains. It is now in process of restoration. One of the chapels contains the tombs of the Earls of Limerick, and in the chancel is an elaborate monument of many-coloured marbles of the Earl of Thomond. The church possesses a fine chime of bells. The view from the tower is very fine.

The castle was built in the reign of King John, and even in its ruined state, with its seven towers and massive walls, is a noble structure, and one of the best examples remaining of a Norman stronghold. Its appearance is much injured by the modern barracks which have been constructed within the walls.

At one end of Thomond Bridge is the famous "Treaty Stone,' on which was signed, on the 3rd of November, 1691, the treaty between the commander of the Irish force, which occupied the town, and General Ginkell, or de Ginkel, the English commander, by which it was provided that the Roman Catholics should enjoy the same religious privileges they had enjoyed in the reign of Charles II., and that William and Mary would endeavour to secure them immunity from disturbance on account of their religion. This article was never carried into effect; Limerick is known therefore as "the city of the violated treaty." The city depends largely upon the manufacture of flax. It is celebrated for the production of fish-hooks of excellent quality, and for the manufacture

of leather gloves, the material of which is so thin that a pair may easily be placed in the shell of a walnut. It has a considerable trade in butter and other provisions. Vessels of 600 tons can lie at the quays. The commerce of the city is increasing.

ROUTE 7.

DUBLIN TO BELFAST.

112 miles; first class, 20s.; second, 15s.; third, 98. 4d.

WEAVING the Amiensstreet station, we pass, 9 miles, MALAHIDE, a town much resorted to for sea-bathing. Near the village is Malahide Court, the princely residence of Lord Talbot de Malahide, a square building flanked by round towers. The roof of the grand hall is of richly-carved oak, and one of the chambers, called "the oak chamber," has a large quantity of elaborate and curious oak carving. The collection of pictures is interesting and valuable, among them being a small altar piece by Albert Durer, and several portraits by Van Dyck. SKER RIES (17 miles), the ancient name of which was Halm Patrick. According to tradition it was here that St Patrick sought refuge when persecuted by the Druids. BALBRIGGAN (213 miles), noted for themanufacture of stockings, whence we reach DROGHEDA (32 miles, pronounced Droyda), (Hotel: Imperial), situated on the River Boyne. It was once surrounded by a wall, of which considerable fragments remain. Cromwell took the place by

assault, leading it in person, in 1649. Clarendon, speaking of the assault, says, 66 Except some few who during the time of the assault escaped at the other end of the town, there was not an officer, soldier, or religious person belonging to that garrison left alive. About one mile from the town, on the bank of the river, the famous battle of the Boyne was fought on the 1st day of July, 1690, between the forces of the Prince of Orange and James II., his father-in-law. An obelisk marks the spot where the battle began. Drogheda has a considerable trade in linen, and large quantities of provisions are annually exported. Its commerce has increased considerably for a few years past, and it promises to become a place of considerable importance.

DUNDALK (54 miles). Population, 10,428, situated on the magnificent bay of the same name, possesses little of interest. Edward Bruce was here crowned King of Ireland, and, after residing here for two years, was killed in a battle with the English, on Foighard (or Faughart) Hill, near by, in 1318. The town has considerable trade in grain, and some important manufactures. Beyond this there is nothing remarkable upon our route until we reach LISBURN (105 miles). (Hotel: Hertford Arms.) Population, 8,000, a prosperous town, having a large trade in linens, chiefly damasks. The church contains monuments to Jeremy Taylor and to Lieutenant Dobbs, who was killed in an engagement with Paul Jones, the pirate, near the Irish coast.

BELFAST (112 miles.) (Hotels: See "HOTEL LIST.") Is the metropolis of the North of Ireland, and next to Dublin the most important city in Ireland. It is situated on the River Lagan, a short dis

tance above its junction with Belfast Lough. It is a modern city, its origin scarcely dating beyond the 17th century. Its growth is remarkable. In 1821 it had but 37,000 inhabitants; in 1851, 100,000; in 1861, 120,000; in 1870, 140,000; in 1880, 215,000. The growth of its trade and manufactures is commensurate with its increase in population. Its tall chimneys, immense factories and spinning-mills remind the traveller of the great manufacturing towns of England, though Belfast is almost wholly free from the smoke which disfigures Manchester and other purely manufacturing towns. The streets are wide and regularly laid out, well kept, and well lighted, and the public edifices of the city are remarkable not only for their number but their elegance. Among these we note, as worthy of particular notice, the new City Hall, the Commercial Buildings, with an Ionic facade; the Custom House; the Ulster Bank; the Theatre Royal; and the Linen Hall. Of the churches, the only two which will attract attention are the parish church (St Ann's) and Christ Church, the former with a lofty tower and cupola; the latter with an octagonal spire. Queen's College is a building in the Tudor style, with a front of 600 feet. It was opened in 1849. There are also Presbyterian and Methodist Colleges. The Museum on the north side of College square contains a valuable collection of Irish antiquities, ornithological specimens, and a small geological collection. The Botanic Garden, near Queen's College, was established in 1830. It has a beautiful conservatory constructed of iron. Admission, 6d. Belfast is celebrated for its schools and benevolent institutions. The People's Park is very extensive and well laid out.

Tourists interested in manu

facturing operations will find a visit to the flax mill of the Messrs Mulholland, the largest in the city, especially interesting. This firm, one of the first to commence the manufacture of linen yarn in Belfast, employs nearly 25,000 persons.

The harbour is accessible to vessels drawing 16 ft., and in spring tides to those drawing 20 ft. The recent improvements are very extensive, and cost over £500,000. The quays extend on each side of the river-on the western side 5,000 ft., on the eastern 3,500 ft. There are two docks, the Prince's and Clarendon, where foreign vessels have every facility. The offices of the Harbour Commissioners is a fine Italian building of cut stone, the principal front of which faces Clarendon Dock.

If the tourist desires a bird's

eye view of Belfast and its environs, he would do well to make a visit to Cave Hill, 24 miles from the town, so called from three caves in its face. It rises 1,140 ft. above the level of the sea. view over the city, Belfast Lough, and the County Down is very fine. In clear weather the coast of Scotland is included in the view.

The

STEAMERS leave Belfast twice a day for Glasgow. The first service, at 8 P.M. on every week day, stops at Greenock to land passengers who prefer to go from that place to Glasgow by rail. The steamer reaches Greenock at 4.30 A. M. Train leaves at once for Glasgow, reaching there at 5.30. The second service leaves Belfast at 9.30 P.M. every day except Saturdays and Sundays, the steamer going directly to Glasgow without stopping, reaching there at 9.25 A.M. Fares, Belfast to Glasgow or Greenock, first class, 12s. 6d.

Steamers leave Belfast every evening for Fleetwood, arriving in time for the early morning trains