Photographed by R. WELCH, 49 Lonsdale Street, Belfast. Photographed by H. L. P. Lowe, Shirenewton Hall, Chepstow. 877 Pass of Salruch, Little Erosion of river valley mara The Circulation of Underground Waters.-Twentieth Report of the Committee, consisting of Dr. E. HULL (Chairman), Sir DOUGLAS GALTON, Messrs. J. GLAISHER, PERCY KENDALL, Professor G. A. LEBOUR, Messrs. E. B. MARTEN, G. H. MORTON, Professor PRESTWICH, Messrs. I. ROBERTS, THOS. S. STOOKE, G. J. SYMONS, W. TOPLEY, C. TYLDEN-WRIGHT, E. WETHERED, W. WHITAKER, and C. E. DE RANCE (Secretary). (Drawn up by C. E. DE RANCE.) THE reporter has made good progress with the digest of the previous nineteen reports, which will be ready for publication this year, giving the details grouped in geological formations and counties. The reporter, through unavoidable circumstances, is unable to be present this year, and is anxious to point out that not only has the Cardiff Naturalists' Society sent a valuable contribution, but several other societies federated to the British Association intend to furnish information; this being the case, he ventures to point out that it appears desirable to continue the work of your Committee, and that it is evident that if the work entrusted to them in 1874 be terminated in 1894 it will be continued by the federated societies, but the details of sections and analyses will be scattered over many publications and will not be of general use and access to engineers and sanitarians, and the results obtained will be published under various modes and conditions not admitting of common reference, as is the case in the reports emanating from your Committee. The Committee would therefore venture to suggest that, as valuable information can still be obtained through the agency of local societies, they be reappointed without grant. Your Committee have to deplore the death of one of their original members, Mr. Wm. Pengelly, F.R.S., who contributed most valuable information in the early days of the investigation, and throughout has taken an active interest in the work. SOUTH WALES. Section of Well-boring at Messrs. J. Edwards & Co.'s, Aerated Water Manufacturers, Llandrindod Wells. Information collected by the Cardiff Naturalists' Society per Mr. F. T. HOWARD, chiefly from Messrs. ISLER and Co., London. top of which Water not of Water first touched Lined to 95 feet with 3-inch internal diameter tube, the stands 2 feet below surface. Supply, 360 gallons per hour. satisfactory nature; the boring is to be continued. at about 90 feet from surface. Section of Well at S. B. Sketch's, Esq., Pembroke Dock. Water level, 8 feet from surface. Water first touched at about 10 feet. Section of Well at E. T. Lydden's, Esq., Llanishen, near Cardiff. from surface. Supply pumped down in five minutes with 4-inch pump, but rises again directly. Water first touched at 47 feet from surface. Section of Well, Ely Brewery Company, Limited, Ely, near Cardiff. Collected by the Cardiff Naturalists' Society. 25 ft. 8-in. tube, 4 ft. 6 in. below surface. 125 ft. 71-in. tube, 4 ft. below surface. Supply, 72 gallons in 74 seconds. Level of water, 7 feet from surface. Water first touched in rock about 125 feet from surface. Section of Well at Messrs. H. Anthony & Co.'s, Castle Brewery, Collected by the Cardiff Naturalists' Society. Lined with 45 feet of 8-inch internal diameter tubes, tops of which stand 8 feet 6 inches below surface, and 115 feet of 74-inch internal diameter tubes, tops of which stand 3 feet 6 inches below surface. Water level, 21 feet below surface. Supply, over 1,080 gallons per hour. Water first touched at 23 feet from surface, when the level was 16 feet from surface. This well is important as indicating a third possible horizon from which water may be obtained. The usual horizon is the junction of the dolomitic conglomerate and the red marls. This bed is approximately 200 feet higher in the series. The water was hard, containing Mg and Ca sulphates and carbonates, also NaCl. Section of Well at Messrs. Bird & Son's, East Moors, Cardiff. which stands 22 feet Lined with 25 feet of 11-inch tube, top of below surface, and 100 feet of 10-inch tube, top of which stands 21 feet below surface. Water level, 20 feet below surface. Supply good. Water first touched at about 150 feet from surface. Section of Well at Messrs. Brain & Co.'s Old Brewery, Cardiff. Lined with 30 feet of 8-inch tube, top of which stands 9 feet 9 inches below surface, then with 166 feet of 74-inch tube, top 9 feet 6 inches below surface. Water level, 26 feet 6 inches below surface. Supply, 2,600 gallons per hour. Supply tapped at about 322 feet from surface. Section of Well at Messrs. Owen & Co.'s, Limited, Ely Paper Mills, Cardiff. Collected by the Cardiff Naturalists' Society. Supply, 12,000 gallons per hour. Water level, 11 feet from surface. Supply first tapped at about 157 feet from surface. Lined with 25 feet of 13-inch tubes, from 4 feet 6 inches from the surface. 1 Alluvial |