EXAMPLES.

(26) Suppose I gave for 64 yards of cambric 121. 12s. 11d. at

what rate did I buy it per yard?

(27) Suppose a person in trade to clear 10611. 8s. 94d. equally in 10 years, what was his yearly increase of fortune?

(28) Suppose another to clear 450l. 13s. 114d. equally in 8 years, what was his yearly profit ?

OF WEIGHTS and MEASURES.

EXAMPLES.

(1) Divide 8 lb. 1 oz. 15 dwts. 8 grs. by 2.

(2)

24 tons, 14 cwt. O qr, 14 lb. by 3.

(3)

17 cwt. 2 qrs. 27 lb. 14 oz. 15 drs. by 4.

(4)

4 lb. 113.43.19. 12 grs. by 5.

(5)

214 yds. 3 qrs. 2 na. by 9.

(6)

120 ells. Eng. 4 qrs. by 8.

(7)

12 lea. 2 m. O fur. 26 p. by 9.

(8)

147 yds. 2 f. 11 in. 2 b.c. by 10.

(9)

24 W. hhds. 57 gal. by 11.

(10)

10 tuns, 1 p. 1 hhd. 60 gal. 3 qts. by 8.

(11)

16 tier. 20 gal. 7 pts. by 6.

(12)

76 A. hhds. 27 gal. by 5.

(13)

12. B. hhds. 49 gal. 2 qts. by 4.

(14)-61 B. bar. 2 fir. 6 gal. by 3.

(1) An army of 10000 men having plundered a city, took 220000l. What was each man's share?

(2) A certain man intending to go a journey of 336 miles, and to complete the same in twelve days; it is required how many miles he must travel each day?

(3) What number, added to the forty-third part of 4429, will make the sum of 240?

(4) What number, deducted from the twenty-sixth part of 2262, will leave the eighty-seventh part of the same? (5) What number, multiplied by 72084, will produce

5190048?

(6) What number, divided by 419844, will quote 9494, and leave just a third part of the divisor remaining? (7) The sum of two numbers is 360, the less is 144. What is their difference, product, and larger quote ? (8) The Spectator's Club of fat people, though it consisted but of 15 persons, is said (No. 9) to weigh no less than 3 tons. How much, on an equality, was that per man?

(9) What number is that, from which if you deduct the 25th part of 22525, and to the remainder add the 16th part of 9696, the sum will be 1440?

(10) What number, multiplied by 57, will produce just what 134 multiplied by 71 will do?

(11) Subtract 30079 out of fourscore and thirteen millions, as often as it can be found, and say what the last remainder exceeds or falls short of 21180?

(12) A gentleman at his death left his eldest son once and a half what he allotted his daughter, and to the young lady 13831. less than her mother, to whom he bequeathed four times what he left towards the endowment of Hertford College, Oxon, viz. 1640 guineas. I require what he intended for his youngest son, who claimed under the will half as much as his mother and sister? How much less than 30000l, did the testator die worth, after his debts and funeral expenses, being 9881. 10s., were paid?

(13) My purse and money, quoth Dick, are worth 12s. 8d. but the money is worth seven times the purse. Pray what was there in it?

(14) A young fellow owed his guardian 741. 18s. 2d. on balance. He paid off 411. 14s. 8d. and then declared his sister owed the gentleman half as much again as himself. On hearing this, she paid off in part 131. 12s. 10d. and gave out that her uncle William was not then less in arrears than her brother and she together. The uncle hereupon paid in 241. 7s. 3d. and then the uncle's brother, who, by the by, was not the uncle of those children, for 150l. undertook to set them all clear, and had, he said, 351. 158.5d. to spare. Can that be true?

(15) A dealer bought two lots of snuff that together weighed 9 cwt. 3 qrs. 16 lb. for 971. 17s. 6d. Their difference in point of weight was 1 cwt. 2 qrs. 16 lb. and of price 81. 13s. 3d.. Their respective weights and values are required.

(16) A father left among seven sons and a daughter an estate consisting of 10000l. in cash, with eight bills, each of 441. 10s. 6d. He ordered 36l. to be bestowed upon his burial, and his debts to be paid, amounting to 260l. then his free estate to be divided in this manner, viz. the daughter to have the ninth part, and the seven sons to have equal shares. What is the daughter's part, and also what is the share of each son?

QUESTIONS for Exercise at leisure Hours.

(17) I would plant 2072 elms, in 14 rows, twenty-five feet asunder. How long must the grove be?

(18) A brigade of horse, consisting of 384 men, is to be formed into a long square, having 32 men in front. How many ranks will there be?

(19) Divide 1000 crowns betwixt A. B. and C. in such a manner that A. may have 129 more than B. and B. 178 less than C.

(20) Part 2501. Give A. 37 more than B. and let C. have 28 fewer. (21) Six of the female cricketers that played lately in the Artillery-ground, fetched in company strokes as follow, viz. A. B. C. D. E. 207. A. C. D. E. F. 213. A. B. D. E. F. 189. A. B. C. E. F. 234. A. B. D. C. F. 222. B. C. D. E. F. 250. How many did they fetch on the other side, since these six persons wanted but fourscore and 13 notches to decide the game?

(22) In order to raise a joint stock of 10000/. L. M. and N. together subscribed 8500l. and O. the rest. Now M. and N. are known together to have set their hands to 6050l. and N. has been heard to say that he had undertaken for 420l. more than M. What did each proprietor advance?

(23) There are two numbers, whose product is 1610; the greater is 46. What is their sum, difference, and quotas; what is the sum of their squares; and what is the cube of their difference ?

(24) There are other two numbers, the greater 7050, which, divided by the less, quotes 94. What is the difference of their squares? and what the square of the product of their sum and difference?

(25) What difference will there be to the proprietors of an aqueduct, between doubling an expense, and balving a profit?

(26) Part 1500 acres of land; give B. 72 more than A. and C. 112 more than B.

(27) One of the smarts in the Accomptant's Office making his addresses in an old lady's family, who had five fine daughters, she told him their father had made a whimsical will, which might not soon be settled in Chancery; and till then he must refrain his visits. The young gentleman undertook to unravel the will, which imported that the first four of her girls' fortunes were together to make 25000l, the four last 33000l. the three last with the first, 300001. the three first, with the last, were to make 28000l. and the two last with the two first 320001. "Now, sir," said the old lady, "if you can make appear what each is to have, and as you like, seemingly, my third daughter, Charlotte, I am sure she will make you a good wife, and you are welcome." What was Miss Charlotte's fortune?

(28) By selling 240 oranges at five for 2d. 120 of which cost me two a penny, and the other half three a penny, I evidently lose a groat. Pray how comes that about?

(29) A. B. and C. play in concert at Hazard; and at making up accounts, it appe appears that A. and B. together brought off 137. 10s. B. and C. together 121, 12s. and A. and C. together won 111. 168. 6d. What did they severally get?

(30) Four persons advanced in trade as follows, viz. W. X. and Y. raised 3501. 10s. W. X. and Z. 3447. 10s. X. Y. and Z. made up together 400l. and W. Y. and Z. contributed 3781. 4s. In the conclusion they parted with their joint property for 450 guineas. What did they gain or lose by their adventure?

(31) A tradesman increased his estate annually a third part, abating 100l. which he usually spent in his family, and at the end of 34 years found that his net estate amounted to 31791. 11s. 8d. Pray what had he at first?

(32) Ten pounds a quarter are allowed to five auditors of a fire-office. They attend about seven times in the quarter, and the absentees' money is always divided equally among such as do attend. A. and B. on these occasions never miss; C. and D. are generally twice in a quarter absent, and E. only once. At the payment, what has each man to receive?

(33) Suppose a maid carrying apples to market were met by three boys, and that the first took half what she had, but returned ten; that the second took one-third, but returned two; lastly, the third took away half those she had left, but returned one, and when she had got clear she had 12 apples left. What number of apples had she at first?

XI. REDUCTION.

IN this and all the following rules, all great names are brought into small by Multiplication; on the contrary, all small names into great by Division. See Sect. VI. page 15.

EXAMPLES in MONEY.

(1) In 130l. how many shillings, pence, and farthings?

(2) How many pence, shillings, and pounds, are in 24000

farthings?

(3) In 80l. 15s. 114d. how many farthings?

(4) Reduce 16921 farthings to pounds.

(5) Reduce 1101. Os. 6d. to halfpence.

(6) How many pounds, &c. are there in 20553 halfpence?

(7) In 1071. 10s. 8d. how many two-pences?

(8) Reduce 5348 two-pences to pounds.

(9) Reduce 61. 17s. to three-pences.

(10) In 2782 three-pences, how many pounds, &c.?

(11) In 10l. 10s. 8d. how many four-pences?

(12) Reduce 38859 four-pences to pounds.

(13) How many six-pences are there in 200t. 17s.?

(14) Reduce 795 six-pences to pounds, &c.

(15) In 21 guineas, how many shillings, pence, and far

things?

(16) How many guineas in 24192 farthings?