THE UPPER WARD OF LANARKSHIRE. THE PARISH OF CARMICHAEL Has been well described, in 1791, by the Rev. Robert Inglis, who held the charge from 1773 until 1814; and in 1838 by his successor, the late William Lamb, D.D., who died in 1863; and free use will be made of the papers written by these excellent men and accomplished clergymen. From the Mill-hill, on the Clyde, in Pettinain, on the northeast, to Mount-Stewart on the south-west, and in Douglas parish, is six miles; and from the summit of Tinto in the south-east, to Harperfield, in Lesmahagow parish, on the north-west, where the Douglas-water flows into the Clyde, may be five miles; the area of the parish being, by Ordnance figures, is 11373-755-of which 59 453 are given as water, 10 840 villages, 75 997 roads, and 11227 465 land. Since these measurements were reported, the railway from Carstairs to Douglas has been laid down, and it traverses the northern, the lower end of the parish, from the Clyde, upwards by the strath of Douglas-water. A line drawn from the cairn on Tinto, along the crown of its western ridge, until the parish of Douglas is reached, divides the parish from that of Wiston on the south; and another line, nearly at right angles with the preceding one, from the south-west point of the parish, and terminating on Douglas-water, near the Ponfeigh coal-work, marks on the west the Douglas march; the river of Douglas being the boundary on the north-west between the parishes of Douglas and Lesmahagow; while, from opposite Harperfield to Mill-hill, the Clyde divides it from Lanark-the parishes of Pettinain, Covington, and Symington being on the east; but the outline of the parish is clearly defined on the map as engraved for this Work. Tinto is the hill of the parish, as it is of the Upper Ward of the shire-it may be said of the Middle and Lower Wards likewise; as, so straight is the strath of the Lower Clyde, that from the hill of Finnart, where the Holy-loch and Loch-long meet in the Frith of Clyde, those who have faith in their eyesight declare that the summit of Tinto can be clearly discerned; and, in the sixty miles intervening, there is no height to mar the view. Tinto, as looked on from the Biggar level, or from the upper course of the Clyde, may be more bold in outline than when viewed from the north, as the range of heights from the Douglas-water, southwards, has few abrupt features, yet there rises the reddish-coloured height of the hill whose name has been, in all time, a household word in every Clydesdale home. Tinto (28), by Ordnance measurement, is given as 2350 feet, 106 feet lower than Coulter-fell in the south-east, but more of the mountain in character, as the flood of the Clyde sweeps so roundly by its base. In a note appended to the Statistical Account for 1791, it is stated that "the highest point of Tinto is above the Clyde; about a mile north-east from the bottom of the mountain is 1740 feet; above the Clyde at the bridge of Lanark 2050 feet, and at the old bridge of Glasgow 23511 feet. So that, from opposite to the north-east part of Tinto to Glasgow, near thirty-five miles, the Clyde falls 611 feet." Of the Tinto range of hills, which run westward for the Douglas border, there appears to be one north of the cairn on Tinto, height 1859 feet, but name not given; and west, and above the Wiston march, is Lochlyock-hill, 1734 feet; further west is Howgatehill, 1472 feet, and between it and Tinto-end runs a droveroad or bridle-path, of which the statist of 1791 remarks"that the passage through it has much the appearance of being, although not wholly, formed, yet greatly assisted, by art; as, for a considerable way, it is little more than seven feet wide, the mountain rising steep on each side, and at the north end there are little hills, which seem as if carried from the middle to make the passage easier." To a party on foot, or on horseback, the path by the Howgate from Crawford-moor for Lanark is shorter far than by the road nearer the river, and known as the Carlisle turnpike. North of Tinto-end is the Levelhill, rather strangely named, 1205 feet; south of Drumalbynhill is a height, 1105 feet; and north rises the Black-hill, 1220 feet; and north-west the Stone-hill, 1030 feet; Drumalbyn homestead is 884 feet, and the hill of Carmichael, in the north-east, 1156 feet high. The Clyde, given as the River on Ordnance sheet, accounts for half the water in the parish, its flood being broad, although, from Mill-hill to Douglas-water, the course is short. The burns show an area of ten acres, the ponds, dams, etc., above half that extent; and the difference of water may be that of the Douglas, which flows into the Clyde here. An analysis and summation of the Ordnance figures give for Carmichael parish 6.385 acres, marsh; 64 289 meadow; 1020 heathy pasture; 4155 rough pasture; 6375 arable; 625 wood; 27 turnpike; 50 parish; and nearly 12 acres other roads; 61 acres for houses; with some acres for gardens, ornamental grounds, brushwood, etc. On valuation roll for 1858-9 the figures were, for Carmichael of Westraw, 27611. 13s.; Lady Montague of Douglas, 17017. 158.; Carmichael of Eastend, 635l., with 50l. for manse and glebe, 221. 138. 4d. for school-house and garden, and 16. 10s. for toll-houses on the turnpike, make up the roll amount of 52157. 16s. In 1863-4 it was 53861. 8s.; and by report of statist in 1838 it was 4591., and the "real value" rents of the respective proprietors-that is, those on which the parochial burdens are calculated from-were, Carmichael 12661. 13s. 4d., Douglas 7867. 13s. 4d., and Eastend 2667. 13s. 4d.—in whole, 23201. The rent value stood in 1858-9 at 4107, 280l., 239, 2167., 210l., 1907, 180l., 171, 140l., 122, 120, 120, 116., 105, 100l., 91, 87, 85l., 81, 75l., 70l., 60l., 60l., 601., 58l., 56l., 53l., 53l., 53l., 45l., 45l., 45l., 447., with many entries from 40l. to lesser amounts, for parks in Carmichael policy, minor farms, etc., and 6351. of the Eastend estate is held in his own hands by the proprietor. The turnpike or toll-road from |