H

02

Trade, Markets, dc. Situated as it is so near to the great commercial and now manufacturing town of Hull, Beverley cannot claim much notice as a place for manufacture. There are however some large tanneries, and seed and bone crushing mills, but the most extensive establishment in the town is the large iron works of Mr. Wm. Crosskill, the well known manufacturer of agricultural implements. Whiting is manufactured here to a considerable extent, and there are several corn mills in the immediate neighbourhood. Beverley was once noted for the manufacture of bone lace.

The weekly Market on the Saturday exhibits a profusion not only of the necessaries but of the luxuries of life. There was formerly another weekly market held here on Wednesdays. The Saturday Market Place is most spacious, comprising an area of nearly four acres, well lined with good houses and shops, and embellished with an octangular Market Cross, elevated on a basement floor of three steps; eight stone columns, each column hewn from a solid block, supporting a cupola roof, which is surmounted with a cross and gilded ball. This erection was built at the joint expense of Sir Charles Hotham, Bart., and Michael Warton, Knt. (representatives of the Borough of Beverley in Parliament), in 1714, and repaired in 1769. It is ornamented with the Royal Arms of England and France quarterly, and the coats of arms of the town, and of the founders of the building. This cross was built upon the site of an ancient one, which was so constructed that carriages passed through it.

The Butchers' Shambles were rebuilt by the Corporation in 1752, but proving too large for the business which was transacted in them, owing to several butchers opening shops in other parts of the town, the south end was converted to the purposes of a Corn Exchange in 1825. The front of this exchange abuts on the Market Place, and exhibits a neat building of red brick, with stone facings. Beverley being placed near the centre of an extensive and fertile agricultural district, the business done in the corn trade is considerable. The Fish Market is contiguous to the shambles, and is an octagon building, which is well stocked on Saturdays with the produce of the ocean.

The Wednesday Market Place is an open area, in the centre of which is an obelisk, which was erected by a Mr. Jarratt in 1723. The top of the pillar is now adorned with a large gas lamp, and surrounded by iron palisades, upon which are four smaller lamps.

Great Cattle Markets are held in Beverley, on the 5th of April, on the Wednesdays before May 12th and September 14th, and on the Wednesday after Christmas Day. There are four annual Fairs, held on the Thursday before

February 5th, Holy (Ascension) Thursday, July 5th, and November 5th, chiefly for horses, horned cattle, and sheep. That on the 5th of July (Midsummer fair) is also a large pleasure fair. Besides these quarterly fairs, there are great markets for horned cattle and sheep on every alternate Wednesday. The fairs and cattle markets are held in Norwood, where is a spacious opening suitable for the purpose.

Banks. East-Riding Bank (Bower, Hall, & Co.), Lairgate; draw on Currie & Co. Hull Banking Company, Lairgate; draw on Barclay, Bevan, & Co. Machell, Pease, and Liddell, North Bar Street; draw on Glynn & Co. Yorkshire Banking Company, Market Place; draw on Williams, Deacon, & Co.

The East-Riding Savings' Bank, now held in a neat building in Lairgate, was established in Beverley in April, 1818. According to the report for the year ending 20th Nov., 1854, the balance due to 1820 depositors, including interest, was £65,483. Mr. John B. Robinson is the secretary.

Beverley Beck.This canal was originally a creek for conveying the superfluous water and sewage of Beverley to the river Hull, and it is difficult to ascertain the exact period of time, when it was made navigable for vessels of any description. Grovehill was the ancient wharf for landing and shipping the merchandise of the inhabitants of Beverley. The first authentic record in which the beck is named, is the roll of accounts of the Twelve Governors, in 1344, where they account for 13s. 2d., received for pavage of the beck, and 45s. 44d. for making the infang at the beck. The length of this canal, from the town to the lock, near the river Hull, is about threequarters of a mile, and vessels of upwards of eighty tons burden can now navigate it. The beck dues, which are in the hands of the Corporation, have been considerably reduced since the opening of the railway to Beverley, but yet they amount to from £500. to £600. per ann.

PUBLIC BUILDINGS.-EAST RIDING SESSIONS HOUSE AND GAOL.This extensive range of buildings is situated at the entrance to the town from the north, and was erected between the years 1805 and 1809, but several additions, improvements, &c., have been made since that time. The cost of the whole does not fall far short of £50,000. The front of the Sessions House, or County Hall, consists of a portico, supported by four fine pillars of the Ionic order; the pediment embellished with the Royal Arms in altorelievo, and surmounted with a fine full-length figure of Justice, holding the sword and scales. The Court room is spacious, and well fitted up for the accommodation of the public, as well as of the Magistrates and officials. Adjoining this is a Magistrates' room, as well as separate rooms for counsel

and witnesses, and retiring rooms for the grand and petty juries, communicating with their respective boxes. The general Quarter Sessions for the East Riding are held here, and the Magistrates meet here on Saturdays, for the disposal of petty cases.

At the back of the Sessions House, and fronting the prison or House of Correction, is a good convenient house for the Governor, and the whole, except the front of the County Hall, is encompassed with a high wall, so as nearly to exclude any view of the prison from without. When viewed at a distance, this great pile of buildings, with its wall faced with white brick, and strengthened with broad deep stone cornices, plinths, and buttresses, has the appearance of a noble mansion, with its domestic offices. The prison contains 129 separate cells, and nine airing yards; and the prisoners are divided

into four classes. The tread-wheel sheds contain separate compartments for forty prisoners, and that instrument of punishment works machinery for the manufacture of whiting. The other employments to which prisoners, sentenced to hard labour, are put, are picking oakum, mat making, tailoring, shoemaking, &c. The Chapel is a neat room, divided by partitions of wood for the several classes of prisoners. There is full service on the mornings and afternoons of Sundays, and prayers are read every morning by the chaplain. The prisoners are instructed in reading, writing, &c., a regular schoolmaster being in daily attendance for that purpose. There is also an hospital in connection with the institution. The number of prisoners received into the prison during the year 1854 was 586; and the average cost of each prisoner was about 3s. 6d. per week.

The present Governor is Mr. Alfred Shepherd; Mr. C. Greensides is the Deputy-Governor; the Rev. John Cambage Thompson, Chaplain; and Thomas Sandwith, Esq., Surgeon.

LIEUTENANCY, MAGISTRACY, &c.-Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of the East Riding.---The Rt. Hon. the Earl of Carlisle (now Lord Lieutenant of Ireland), Castle Howard.

Lords and Chief Bailiffs of Liberties, &c. -The Lord Bishop of Durham, for Howdenshire; and Sir Thomas Aston Clifford Constable, Bart., Burton Constable, for the Seigniory of Holderness.

MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT. -For York:- Sir William M. E. Milner, Bart., and J. G. Smythe, Esq. For the East Riding:-Rt. Hon. Lord Hotham and the Hon. A. Duncombe. For Kingston-upon-Hull :- Wm. Digby Seymour, Esq., and William Henry Watson, Esq. For Beverley: -Hon. Arthur Gordon, and William Wells, Esq. For Malton:-J. E. Denison, Esq., and the Hon. C. W. Fitzwilliam.

VOL. II.

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JUSTICES OF THE PEACE FOR THE EAST RIDING. -Chairman.-Charles

William Strickland, Esq., Hildenley.

Audus, James, Esq., Selby.
Beswick, William, Esq., Gristhorpe.
Bethell, Richard, Esq., Rise.

Bethell, William F., Esq., Rise.
Blanchard, Rev. John, Middleton.
Blow, Rev. William, Goodmanham.
Boothby, Rev. Hy. B., Nunburnholme.
Brooke, Rev. Richard, Selby.
Bower, Rev. John W., Barmston.
Burton, David, Esq., Cherry Burton.
Clare, Rev. George Thos., Bainton.
Clark, Thomas, Esq., Knedlington.
Clough, John, Esq., York.
Creyke, Ralph, Esq., Rawcliffe.

Constable, F. A. T. C., Esq., Burton

Constable.

Darley, C., Esq., Stamford Bridge East.
Darley, Henry B., Esq., Aldby Park.
Dawson, George P., Esq., Osgodby.
Denison, Robert, Esq., Waplington.

Duesbery, W. D. T., Esq., Skelton Lodge.

Ellis, Rev. Robert, North Grimston.

Lloyd, George John, Esq., Lingcroft Lodge.
Locke, Thos. B., Esq., Hessle Mount.
Marten, Thomas, Esq., Beverley.
Maxwell, Wm. C., Esq., Everingham.
Meek, James, Esq., Middlethorpe.
Metcalf, Rev. Robert, Patrington.
Morris, Rev. F. O., Nunburnholme.
Palmes, Rev. W. L., Hornsea.
Pease, Joseph R., Esq., Hessle.
Pease, Joseph W., Esq., Hessle.
Prickett, Thomas, Esq., Bridlington.
Raikes, Robert, Esq., Welton.
Raikes, Thomas, Esq., London.
Raines, William, Esq., Wyton Hall.
Read, Rev. Geo. R., Sutton on Derwent.
Read, W. H. R., Esq., Hayton.
Reynard, E. H. Esq., Sunderlandwick.
Roundell, Rev. D. R., Gledstone, Skipton.
Saltmarshe, Philip, Esq., Saltmarshe.
Scholfield, Robert, Esq., Sand Hall.
Simpson, Rev. Francis, Boynton.
Smith, Edward Wm., Esq., Tickton.

Erskine, Hon. and Very Rev. Henry D., Smith, Edmund, Esq., Ferriby.

Ripon Deanery.

Ferguson, Rev. Daniel, Walkington.
Foulis, Mark, Esq., West Heslerton.
Gibson, Edward, Esq., Drypool.
Grimston, Charles, Esq., Grimston.
Grimston, M. J., Esq., Grimston.
Harrison, Rt., Esq., Benningholme.
Haworth, Benjn., Esq., Hull Bank House.
Haworth, B. B., Esq., Hull Bank House.
Hildyard, J. G. B. T., Esq., Winestead Hall.
Hudson, George, Esq., York.
Hudson, John C., Esq., Catterick.
Ion, Rev. John, Hemingbrough.
Jadis, Rev. John, Humbleton.
Jalland, B. M., Esq., Holderness House.
Jefferson, Rev. J. D., Thickett Priory.
Kitchingman, Rev. R. H., Patrington.
Langdale, Hon. Charles, Houghton,
Langdale, Charles, Esq., Houghton.
Legard, George, Esq., Malton.
Legard, Sir Thos. Digby, Bart., Ganton.

Smith, John, Esq., Welton Garth.
Stephens, Arthur, Esq., Whitwell Hall.
Stourton, Hon. P., Holme-on-Spaldg.-Moor
Strickland, Sir Geo., Bart., Newton.
Sykes, Rev. Christopher, Roos.
Sykes, Joseph, Esq., Raywell.
Taylor, Edw. C., Esq., Firby.
Taylor, Rev. R. M., Hunmanby.
Vavasour, Sir H. M., Bart., Melbourne.
Watson, James Kiero, Esq., Hull.
Wenlock, Rt. Hon. Lord, Escrick.
Whitaker, W. W., Esq., North Deighton.
Whitehead, James A., Esq., Selby.
Whyte, Rev. James, Winestead.
Willoughby, Henry, Esq., Birdsall.
Windham, J. S., Esq., Wawne.
Winn, R., Esq., Appleby, Lincolnshire.
Wray, Rev. George, Leven.
Wray, Rev. W. H., Leven.
Wylie, Robert, Esq., Beverley.

Yarburgh, Yarburgh, Esq., Sewerby House Clerk of the Peace for the East Riding. - George Leeman, Esq. Deputy Clerk of the Peace.-Wm. F. Clarke, Esq. Treasurer. - Geo. Shepherd, Esq.

*** The account of the Treasurer of the East Riding for the year ending at Michaelmas, 1854, shows the receipts of the year to be £13,344.; including £10,897., county rates; £2,108., received from the Treasury for criminal prosecutions, &c.; £104., the earnings of prisoners; and £105. for penalties. The expenditure was £14,835., including £850. to York Castle; £2,621., the House of Correction; £1,060., Lock-up Houses; £3,979., the Militia Depot; £1,626. for prosecutions at Assizes and Quarter Sessions; £700. to the Clerk of the Peace; £1,135. to Chief Constables; and £576, to Coroners for Inquisitions.

Opposite the Sessions House is a beautiful walk of chesnut trees, which form a shady promenade for the inhabitants of Beverley; and nearly adjoining the prison is the Depot for the Arms and Stores of the East Riding Militia. This is a large brick building, in the castellated style, behind which is a spacious area, or training yard, and in which are situated several houses for the Staff Sergeants, &c. Colonel G. H. Thompson is the commanding officer of the East York Regiment of Militia.

GUILD HALL. This building is obscurely situated in Register Square, and has a neat Doric portico of four columns. The old front had a pointed arched doorway, which, there is little doubt, had been the entrance to the ancient Hanse House, or hall of the Gilda Mercatoria, which occupied the site of the adjoining prison. This ancient doorway, the drip-stone of the arch of which is supported by two mutilated heads, with the Archiepiscopal Arms carved on the centre of the arch, was purchased by Mr. Gillyatt Sumner, and is now erected at his house, at Woodmansey. The hall, in which prior to the passing to the Municipal Reform Act, the Quarter Sessions of the borough were held before the Recorder of Beverley, is neat and commodious, and fitted up as a regular court house. The Royal Arms, in stucco, are placed over the centre of the bench; and facing them, above the spectators' gallery, are those of the town. The ceiling is very fine, the centre containing a fine figure, in relief, representing Justice, with the usual appendages-the sword and scales. This hall is now used for public meetings, and as a Police or Petty Sessions Court, by the Magistrates of the borough, every Monday and Thursday; and the County Court of Yorkshire is held in it monthly, before William Raines, Esq., Judge. The building in front of the Hall, as well as the borough prison, gaoler's house, &c., adjoining, were re-erected by the Corporation, in 1832, at a cost of about £4,000. The Council Chamber, in which the affairs of the borough are transacted by the Town Council, is a good commodious apartment in the front part of the building. The old Council Room is now converted into a retiring room for the Magistrates.