solely by the Merchant Taylors' Company out of general funds, without any specific portion thereof being set apart for the object." Presumably, therefore, the fact that the endowments of the Merchant Taylors' School were not represented by landed property or real estate was sufficient to produce, on the part of the Commissioners, this curious reluctance to do their duty.

Or were they overawed and browbeaten by the Company's wondrous autocracy? A case of "mêlez-vous de vos affaires!" At any rate, no consideration, apparently, was potent enough to preclude this same body from entering at considerable length upon the affairs of the companion foundation of the Mercers' Company-Merchant Taylors' prototype, St. Paul's. Nay, this ingenious quibble apart, both of course are, or rather were, essentially free schools, and both, surely, should have been covered by the Commissioners' terms of reference. The Company then also stated that they possessed no books of record previous to 1562 concerning this charity, all such archives having been burnt in the Fire of London.

The Merchant Taylors' School, in common with the rest of the older public schools, numbers many dignitaries, civil, legal, and ecclesiastical, of varying degrees of eminence upon its roll. Of prelates there are the famous Archbishop Wm. Juxon, who was on the scaffold in attendance when Charles I. was executed; and Lancelot Andrewes, that exquisite orator of the seventeenth century Church, and probably the greatest scholar of his time, who took part in the editing of the A.V. In the presence of Andrewes even "Christendom's wisest fool," the mean and pompous Scotch pedant, James I., hushed, in awe of him, his usual coarse jocularity and boorish levity. Edmund Waller, the unreadable Caroline poet, going one day to see the King at dinner, Lancelot Andrewes then being Bishop of Winchester, overheard a characteristically Stuart conversation between the monarch, Andrewes, and Neale, Bishop of Durham, who were standing behind the former's

chair. "My lords," demanded the King, cannot I take my subjects' money when I want it without all this formality in Parliament ?" The obsequious courtier-like Bishop of Durham: "God forbid, Sir, but you should; you are the breath of our nostrils." "Well, my lord, what say you?" said the King, turning to Andrewes, who quickly replied, "Sir, I have no skill to judge of parliamentary cases.' And as quickly the King rejoined, “No put-offs, my lord; answer me at once!" "Then," said Andrewes adroitly, "I think it quite lawful for you to take my brother Neale's money, for he offers it! "'

The poets, authors and historians include Thomas Lodge, the glorious Elizabethan lyricist; James Shirley, the Restoration dramatist, who ruined himself in the cause of the Stuarts, and was, by the greatest rake and debauchee of the line, suffered to die with his wife in the open streets of London after the Great Fire; Bulstrode Whitelocke, the Commonwealth historian of the Memorials, probably but a luke-warm republican, who was at the Restoration advised by that moral gentleman, Charles II., to retire into private life, and "go live quietly in the country, and take care of his wife and one-and-thirty children," which he did till 1675. Albeit he had but sixteen children! John Byrom, a really fine Manchester poet of the eighteenth century, whose works, like those of Anthony Trollope, have suffered undeserved oblivion, was also a pupil; as were Latham, of the History of the Birds, and the famous Lord Clive, of the Indian Empire.

To-day Merchant Taylors' School, which is at Charterhouse Square, London, E.C. 1, is governed by the Master, Wardens, and Court of Assistants of the Worshipful Company of Merchant Taylors.

There are entrance scholarships at the school of the value of twenty-seven guineas or more, and senior scholarships of thirty-three guineas per annum, the latter open to boys already in the school. Foundation scholars

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may, says the scholarship schedule of Merchant Taylors', wear a silver fish, attached to the watchguard." Poverty and conscientious objection to vaccination exclude all such applicants from the school or the scholarships.

CHAPTER XV

CHARTER-HOUSE

THE CARTHUSIAN MONASTERY-PARDON

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CHURCHYARD THOMAS SUTTON AND HIS PURPOSse-Source of Vast WEALTH-COMMISSIONER OF PRIZES AT THE TIMe of the SpANISH ARMADA-HIS MANSION AN "OPEN HOSPITAL "-ADVENTURERS-COURTIERS' INTRIGUE AROUSES HIS INDIGNATION-REJECTION OF A BELATED HONOUR "CHARTERHOUSE ENDowments-SUTTON'S DEATH AND BURIAL-MORE SHEEP FLEECED BY THEIR SHepherd-OLD THOS. FULLER ON SUTTONSTOW'S CORROBORATION OF SUTTON'S INTENTIONS LIST OF MANORSRICH SUTTON'S " PROMINENCE IN THe Domestic Calendar of State PAPERS-LEGAL VULTURES-CURRENT GOSSIP-ADVENT OF FRANCIS BACON-ULTIMATE ELEEMOSYNARY ALIENATION FORECAST-IN 1865-LITIGATION OF DISAppointed HEIRS-BACON'S ADVICE TO THE KING SIDELIGHTS ON CORRUPTION-" GENTLEMEN WILL ་་ NOT LIVE UPON ALMS ". -BACON ON CONTEMPORARY CHARITY BATTENERSTHE OLD, HOARY EDUCATIONAL FALLACIES-BACON'S HINTS-LAWYER FIRST, REFORMER LATER-THE CASE OF THE SAVOY HOSPITAL'S DILAPIDATION-EFFECT OF GREAT CIVIL WAR-COLLISION WITH JAMES II.-GLORIOUS AUTOCRACY-FAMOUS CARTHUSIANS-MATTHEW ARNOLD on the CharteR-HOUSE-" HUMOROUS CUSTOMS-CHARTERHOUSE IN THe Nineteenth Century-THACKERAY AND THE NEWCOMES "-BRotherhood OF POOR " CARTHUSIANS-INCOME, GovernMENT AND SCHOLARS OF THE NEW CHARTER-HOUSE-ALMSHOUSE TODAY-CHARITY DIGEST ACCOUNT OF CHARTERHOUSE, 1914—A LETTER TO THE Daily News and Leader.

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ORIGINALLY a priory for Carthusian monks, founded in 1371, by Sir Walter Manny, a Companion of the Garter and a famous soldier under Edward III., during the Hundred Years' War in France, this monastery of Charter-house had undergone numerous vicissitudes, terminating, finally, in the tragic death by execution of the prior, John Haughton, and two of his brethren, together with the proctor, before passing by purchase into the hands of one Thomas Sutton, May 9th, 1611. A sum of £13,000 was paid to the Earl of Suffolk, the last owner of the demesne, by Sutton, whose intention was to carry out a twofold object: first, the foundation and establishment in the Charter-house of "one free school for the instruction,