Cellini's Autobiography; Sir G. O. Trevelyan (T. B. Macaulay's nephew), the author of the brilliant biography, "Life and Letters of Lord Macaulay." Spencer Perceval, Sir Robert Peel, Lord Aberdeen, Lord Palmerston, the Marquis Dalhousie, and Lord Rodney are among the Harrovian statesmen and warriors. Dr. Samuel Parr is best remembered by an anecdote which he used to tell of his Harrovian days, according to which he was one day walking out with another boy, Jones, when the latter stopped short, looked hard at him, and said: "Parr, if you should have the luck to live forty years, you may stand some chance of overtaking your face!'

According to the Twenty-third Annual Charities Register and Digest, published by the Charity Organisation Society, 1914, Harrow, in common with other public schools, has established a mission where, it is stated, "Personal intercourse is encouraged between the boys at Harrow and the poor, parties of young and old being often entertained at the school. Income about £1,200 per annum." Relative to Harrow School lands the following newspaper extract is of passing interest :

Another famous prize has been an attraction to numerous speculators-the Page estates, which include the historic playing fields at Harrow, and many other well-known spots in the northern environs of London. It at one time created so much public interest that a meeting was held in Trafalgar Square to consider how it might be recovered, and recently an association has been formed to make another claim on the property, which is now worth, it is estimated, between twenty and thirty millions sterling."

The present financial position and the local environment of the school are, it may be noted, pretty well summed up in the words of Lord George Hamilton (chairman of the governors of Harrow School), as reported in the Daily Telegraph of March 4th, 1914. Referring to the rumours circulated on the adoption of a town planning scheme initiated by the local authorities, that Harrow

School might have to be removed from its present site. Lord Hamilton is there stated to have said:

The precautions which old Harrovians have taken of recent years, by land purchase and in other ways, have created on two sides of the school an oasis which cannot be built upon. If in the dim and distant future building so presses upon Harrow as to render it advisable to give up some of the ground, and remove the school, we shall have the satisfaction of knowing that the increased value of the property will represent a goodly sum."

Under the Public Schools Act, 1868, the governing body of Harrow School consists of the surviving members of the old board, with six new members, who are elected respectively by the Lord Chancellor, the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge, and London, the Royal Society and the assistant masters of the school.

The Clarendon Commissioners, in 1864, reported that the school had lost all connection with the locality. "None of the farmers or tradesmen of Harrow now send their sons to the School." Fifty-four years earlier this had been made the subject of a complaint by the inhabitants of Harrow to the Court of Chancery. The case is fully reported in Attorney-General v. The Earl of Clarendon, Vesey's Reports of Cases in Chancery, vol. xvii., p. 191, London, 1827.

They filed "a relation " that few or none of the Harrow children, whom the founder intended to benefit, dared to take advantage of the privilege of free education. Though the master and governors did not actually refuse them admission, yet the paying pupils so scoffed at and illtreated the poor scholars that the latter's parents had taken their sons away from the school. The Master of the Rolls declined to interfere with this evil practice.

It may be noted that collegers at Eton, in 1864, were despised and boycotted in the same way, and about 1875, at Rugby School, town boys on the foundation were derided as "town louts."

Two "John Lyon's" scholarships are or were given in each year; they are of the value of £30, and are tenable for four years at either university. A preference was to be given to "Founder's poor kinsfolk" and to the poor boys of the parish, but neither of these participants has been permitted to claim, or has ever laid claim to the enjoyment of these endowments. The present foundationers are, then, not the children of the poor, or of the farmers and tradesmen of Harrow. In conclusion, we may add that Lord Clarendon's Commissioners specially recommended "that the privilege of free education given to children of inhabitants within the parish of Harrow should be abolished, due provision being made by fixing a term of convenient length for the final extinction of it or otherwise, to prevent hardship to persons who may come to reside at Harrow with the intention of availing themselves of the privilege." Also, Also, "that the right of preference in election to John Lyon's Scholarships in favour of boys born within the parish of Harrow, and all privileges and rights of preference given to boys of the kindred of the Founder, should likewise be abolished."

The Public School's Year Book for 1923 states that the value of endowed scholarships at Harrow ranges from £50 to £120 per annum; boarding fees and school expenses of a boy at "large," i.e., in an Harrovian boardinghouse, are £216 per annum. "The normal value of these scholarships can be adjusted" according to the pecuniary circumstances of the candidate; but "N.B.-A candidate not in need of pecuniary assistance may compete for election to an honorary scholarship, and, if elected, will appear in the School List as a scholar, while giving up the emoluments; or he may resign a part of them only. Any funds thus returning to the school will be devoted to augmenting other Scholarships or creating Exhibitions."

Large numbers of very valuable scholarships to the Universities are offered to Harrow boys. Among them

we may note: Pember, one of £100 for three years; Rothschild, three, total £600, each spread over three, four, or five years; Shepherd-Churchill, two of £150 a year, for four years at Oxford; Balfour-Williamson, one of £100 for three years, to either university; Simpson, one of £150 per annum for three years, for history; GuéretJones scholarship or scholarships, £150 per annum for three years; Baring, three of £100 a year for five years, to Harrow or to Oxford; Gregory, one of £120 a year for four years, to either university, etc.

Here, as everywhere, the scholars are boys of bourgeois or aristocratic origin, who have previously attended expensive preparatory schools. Honorary scholars at Harrow,* as at Oxford, are truly raræ aves.

"

* J. F. Williams, in his book Harrow, pp. 6, 9 and 32, says that the great public schools are frequented only by the wealthy and professional classes, and that the term public is a misnomer. Witnesses to the Bryce Commission (1892-95) asked that Harrow should be subject to inspection by the Board of Education.