56. Arms.-Argent, a chevron between three horses' heads erased gules, for BECKWITH (?). Crest.-An antilope trippant, in his mouth a branch of . . . . Motto.-" Joir en bien."

This coat occurs on a mural monument to the memory of Edward Beckwith, Esq., of the family of Beckwith in the county of York, Collector of his Majesty's Customs in Faversham 40 years, resigning in 1763, and died 31 October 1763.

The same coat of arms occurs on a mural monument to Mary wife of Edward Beckwith, Collector of his Majesty's Customs ; who died 4 February 1740-1, in her 41st year.

57. Arms. Or, a lion rampant, and in chief two others passant azure, for TAPPENDEN; impaling BECKWITH. Crest.-A demi-eagle's head couped and collared, wings adorsed (?). This coat of arms occurs on a mural monument to the memory of Mary Frances daughter of Edward Beckwith, Esq., and wife of James Tappenden, Gent., who died 14 September 1771, in her 27th year.

58.

Arms.-Argent, on a chevron sable between three elephants'
heads erased gules, as many mullets of the field (?); impaling,
Sable, a chevron between three talbots passant or (?).
Crest. A dove holding in its mouth an olive branch.

This coat of arms is on a mural monument to Martha wife of George Smith of Faversham, Gent., and daughter of Roger Keigwin, late of Deptford in county Kent, Gent., and Martha his wife. She died 30 May 1779, aged 56 years, leaving one daughter, married to Rev. A. Stephens, Rector of Goodnestone. George Smith the above died 6 February 1791, aged 69 years.

59. Arms.-Argent, on a bend azure cotised wavy sable, three mullets of the field.

This coat of arms occurs on two mural monuments and possibly a third, on this last the shield is illegible, the crest appears to be an arm embowed holding a club (?).

The persons commemorated by these monuments are:

Thomas Buck, Gent., of Faversham, Town Clerk for 40 years, who died 10 February 1779, in his 70th year.

Elizabeth first wife of Thomas Buck, who died 14 May 1751, aged 37 years.

Susannah second wife of Thomas Buck, who died 2 July 1761, aged 44 years.

Effield third wife of the above Thomas Buck, who died 10 May 1795, aged 76 years.

Thomas Buck, Esq., Barrister, son of Thomas and Susannah Buck, who died 26 January 1801, aged 39 years.

Susannah Buck and her twin sister Martha Buck. Susannah died 13 February 1823, aged 71 years. Martha, the last surviving child of Thomas Buck, Gent., died 21 March 1831, aged 80 years.

Mary wife of John Toker, Esq., of The Oaks, Ospringe, died 3 March 1814. John Toker died 9 August 1817.

60. Arms. An eagle displayed, with two heads, in middle chief a mullet, for JOHN BOYVILLE (?)

This coat occurs on a slab to John de Boyville, Esq., who died 11 August 1730, aged 48 years.

61. Arms.-Barry of six or and azure, in chief three escallops gules. Crest. An escallop gules.

This coat is on a mural monument to Richard Hazard, Esq., F.R.S., who died 21 September 1784, aged 75 years. Mary Hazard his sister died 9 June 1727, aged 10 years.

62. The coat is illegible, but the crest is a lion's jamb erased fesswise, holding erect a fleur-de-lis.

This bearing is on a mural monument to the memory of Richard Iles, late citizen and sailmaker of London.

This gentleman is said to have left money to keep the ironwork of his tomb oiled. (See Lewis's History of Faversham.)

63. Arms.-Sable, two chevronels between three roses argent, for WELLER.

This coat occurs on a mural monument to the memory of Ann wife of Captain Weller of Faversham. She died 16 June 1741, aged 54 years, and left issue one daughter, who married Mr. Edward Norwood of Ashford. Captain Edward Weller died 21 July 1762, aged 84 years.

63. Arms.-A lion rampant debruised by a bend, for LUKYN (?). Crest. A demi-lion rampant.

This coat occurs on a mural monument to Robert Lukyn, Esq., who died 28 April 1843, aged 73 years. Also to his two sisters, Mary Lukin, died 10 September 1843, aged 73 years, and Ann Lukyn, the last member of the family, died 28 January 1852, aged 84 years.

64. Arms.-Barry nébulé of eight argent and azure, on a bend gules, a lion passant guardant or, for the COMPANY OF HABERDASHERS OF HURRIERS.

No inscription occurs on the slab with this coat of arms, but there is a badge formed of a gloved hand holding a hawk belled, and there a merchant's mark thus:

NB

65. Arms.-Quarterly: 1 and 4, Azure, three fleur-de-lis or, for FRANCE; 2, Gules, three lions passant guardant in pale or, for ENGLAND; 3, Gules (plain).

This coat is now in one of the small windows in the vestry; it was formerly in one of the eastern windows of the South Transept.

66. Arms.-Gules, three lions passant-guardant in pale or, dimidiating azure, three hulks of galleys argent in pale, over all a pastoral staff (?) of the last.

This coat occurs in a window of the North Transept.

67. Arms.-Quarterly: 1, Gules, three lions passant-guardant in pale or, for ENGLAND: impaling, Or, a lion rampant within a double tressure flory-counter-flory gules, for SCOTLAND; 2, Azure, three fleurs-de-lis or, for FRANCE; 3, Azure, an ancient harp or, stringed argent, for IRELAND; 4, Gules, two lions passant guardant or, in pale, for BRUNSWICK: impaling, Or, semée of hearts proper, a lion rampant azure, for LUNENBERG, in base gules, a horse courant argent, for SAXONY. The shield is surrounded by the garter and surmounted by a royal helmet, and crown of crosses patées and fleurs-de-lis, thereon a lion statant guardant crowned all or. Supporters: Dexter, a lion rampant guardant, crowned or; Sinister, A unicorn saliant, royally gorged, armed, crined, and chained or. The mantling is or, lined argent. Motto."Dieu et mon Droit."

This is the royal arms as borne by the Kings George I., George II., and George III.

THE WEALD AND ITS REFUGEE ANNALS.

BY S. W. KERSHAW, F.S.A.

THIS district of Kent from its position, surrounded by outlying towns of importance, and leading to the coast, could not fail to attract settlers, independently of its natural

resources.

The chief towns of Cranbrook, Tenterden, Maidstone, Ashford, and Tunbridge, so many centres of activity in the Middle Ages, would alone call forth notice; and a certain difficulty of access in those days tended to retain any trades established within these boundaries. The cloth trade preeminently took the lead at the time when Cranbrook was the metropolis of that industry, and many circumstances had tended to encourage this. The settlements of the Flemings in Edward the Third's reign are well known to historical scholars, while the history of the cloth trade has also been specially treated by Mr. Tarbutt in the Archæologia Cantiana (Vol. IX.), as well as ably discussed in Mr. Furley's well-known work on the Weald. It would therefore be inappropriate to treat this subject at length, other than by a few remarks with which I cannot forbear to preface this paper, dealing as it will especially with the REFUGEE history of the district, and bringing it down to a later period by the help of many recent materials hitherto unnoticed in Mr. Tarbutt's treatise. These are the publication of parochial records, especially those of Canterbury and the Diocese, by Mr. J. M. Cowper, the Registers of the French Church at Canterbury, by Mr. Hovenden, F.S.A., the Wills proved in the "Prerogative Court of Canterbury," as well as the invaluable series of the Historical MSS. Commission Reports, and the "Denization "Lists issued by the Huguenot

VOL. XXII.

P

Society of London. When we consider these facts, as well as the various measures for the improvement of trade, especially during the reign of Elizabeth, it is not surprising the refugees should seek a district so fertile in resources and employment.

As the wool trade increased, the proprietors of the Weald converted their arable land into pasture, and the opening up of woods and water transit greatly aided commerce. Thus, a statute of Henry VIII. provides "for clearing, deepening, and widening the River Stour from the town of Great Chart to Canterbury, and thence to Sandwich."* Some of the weaving was carried on far away from the Weald, and this improved river passage could not fail to assist in every way.

A wool staple had been set up at Canterbury, and a similar one existed at Calais, so early as the 25th Edward III.; relations could thus be easily maintained between the French-speaking Walloons and their English brethren. The Privy Council Acts of Edward VI. (1552) refer to an Indenture between that King and the merchants of the staple at Calais, sealed and delivered to the King.

The later development of fulling and dyeing mills in and around the Weald led the clothiers to dye their own cloth, instead of sending it away or abroad.

There was much controversy at this time as to the advantages of wrought and unwrought cloth, and several enactments found in the State Papers illustrate this question. The results of the different appeals seem to have been in favour of the dressed cloth, as giving greater employment to native artificers, and increasing their wealth. The Acts themselves tell their own tale, as follows :†

1575. "Memorial to Lord Cobham, exhibiting the decay of the cloth trade in Kent, and desiring an emendation of Statute 8 Elizabeth against the exportation of unwrought cloths." That Act regulated that for every nine cloths

In this connection I may mention Fordwich as a member of the Cinque Ports, whose peculiar trade customs and archives are brought to light in Mr. Woodruff's History of Fordwich, 1895.

+ Calendar State Papers (Elizabeth).