to render effectual the statutes of 1606 against Papists, [c. 13].

Enlisting without licence in the service of any foreign prince declared treason', [c. 10].

An act passed offering a reward for an improved mode of discovering the longitude at sea", [c. 14].

An act passed for the preservation of wrecks, [c. 21].

The laws against vagrants consolidated, [c. 26].

The princess Sophia of Hanover dies, June 8, by which her son George becomes heir to the British throne under the Act of Settlement.

The earl of Oxford is driven from office, July 27.

The queen falls ill, July 29, and sends for the duke of Shrewsbury to take the direction of affairs. She dies at Kensington, Aug. 1, and is buried at Westminster, Aug. 24.

The death of Queen Anne, happening somewhat suddenly, entirely frustrated the plan that had been formed by Harley, Bolingbroke, and others, of calling her brother James Edward to the throne. The lords-justices, as directed by the Act 6 Ann. c. 41, at once proclaimed the elector of Hanover as king, under the style of George I., and sent a message to hasten his arrival. He accordingly landed at Greenwich, Sept. 18, and was not slow in demonstrating that he had chosen his party, and that the late ministers and their adherents had no chance of his favour; they were at once deprived of office, and refused an audience. Bolingbroke, who had before made approaches to him, even while plotting in favour of his rival, renewed his advances, but was so decidedly repulsed that he became alarmed, and fled in disguise to France, early in 1715. The duke

provisions of the Act of Uniformity, were rendered liable to imprisonment, but the act did not apply to schools where English only was taught. Persons who had made the required declarations, if they used any other than the Church Catechism, or if they frequented any "conventicle, assembly, or meeting," where the queen was not prayed for in express words, were rendered incapable of teaching any longer. The preparation of this statute was generally ascribed to Bolingbroke, who was a professed unbeliever; it was therefore looked on with suspicion by all parties, and the queen's death following soon after it was passed, it in reality became a dead letter.

The preamble states that several ill-affected persons have lately presumed openly to enlist men for the service of "the person taking upon himself the style and title of James III."

| of Ormond also fled, but the earl of Oxford remained to face the storm; he was impeached, and lay for two years in the Tower. Meantime the friends of the Stuarts had taken arms in both Scotland and England, but being decisively foiled, the House of Brunswick was firmly established on the throne, and has ever since continued to sway the sceptre. George I. reigned until June 11, 1727; his son, George II., until October 25, 1760; he was succeeded by his grandson, George III., who died Jan. 20, 1820, after the longest reign recorded in our history. His sons George IV. and William IV. reigned after him, the first until June 26, 1830, and the latter until June 20, 1837; when he was succeeded by his niece, our present most gracious Sovereign, Victoria, whom God long preserve!

if within two-thirds of a degree; and £20,000 it within half a degree.

Sheriffs, mayors, and custom-house officers, may summon both ships and men to assist vessels in distress; persons aiding are to have reasonable wages for their service, to be raised if necessary by sale of goods saved; and any one damaging a vessel, or doing anything tending to its immediate loss, is to be considered a felon. The act was to be read in church four times a-year in all seaport towns. ⚫ Vagrants are by this statute directed to be whipped, and then passed on to their parishes; but if they do not appear to have made any settlement, this is to be taken as a proof that they are dangerous and incorrigible, and they are to be " apprenticed" for seven years in any British factory in Africa or America. d See A.D. 1707.

IN drawing up these Annals the Compiler has sought for information from writers or records belonging as nearly as might be to the same eras with the events described, so as to present contemporary, in preference to modern views, on the remarkable events which make up the chain of English history. An alphabetical list, therefore, of these authors and documents is here given, not merely for the purpose of shewing the bases for the work, but of being of use to historical students generally.

Most of the Chronicles mentioned are readily accessible, being found in some collection of writers such as those of Gale, Savile, Twysden, Wharton, or Bouquet; or in series such as Hearne's, or the Abbé Migne's; or in the recent and more carefully edited series under the direction of the Master of the Rolls. Much historical material may be also found in such compilations as Kemble's “Codex Diplomaticus," Dugdale's "Monasticon," and Leland's "Collectanea ;" and still more in the Calendars of the Records and State Papers which have been issued from time to time by the Government. On the other hand, some authors are printed only in the volumes issued by literary societies, such as the Surtees, the Camden, the Bannatyne, &c.

Beside, therefore, the general alphabetical list of historians and historical material, with references to the collections where such are to be found, brief accounts have been given of the Collections themselves, with a short summary of the chief contents of each,

Thus, though the valuable works of Tyrrel, Rapin, Carte, Henry, Turner and Lingard, have all been consulted, no statements of theirs have been adopted, except such as are based on contemporary authority.

Of the "Descriptive Catalogue of Manuscripts relating to the History of Great Britain, by Sir Thomas Duffus Hardy, Deputy Keeper of the

so far as they bear directly upon English history.

This list, however, does not profess to afford a complete view of English historical materials, as it is purposely confined to those authors and chronicles which have been printed. Beside these there exist, in public libraries as well as in private hands, many manuscripts, which, if brought before the world by the agency of the press, would be found to contain facts that would give a new aspect to many parts of our history, but the publication of very few of them entire, will probably ever be undertaken, unless at the public expense. Of these manuscripts (though some have been employed by the Compiler), no 'list is here attempted to be presented, partly because they are so extensive, but chiefly because this much needed work has for many years engaged the attention of one of the very few men of our time possessing the extensive knowledge and the untiring diligence required for the proper execution of such a task, and the result of his labours is in course of publication, being one of the series of works issued under the auspices of the Master of the Rolls. In addition to this, the labours of the Historical Manuscripts Commission are bringing to light day by day new treasures, a full account of which is given in the blue books issued by the Commissioners.

From so large a list as is here presented a few leading writers may with moderate trouble be selected, to furnish each something like the history of his own time, if taken either wholly or

Public Records," three volumes, extending from the earliest times to the year 1327, have been published. From this work it will be seen, that of several early printed Annals, Chronicles, &c., continuations exist in MS., containing much valuable information.

See Appendix, Section V. (c.)