Poisons, their effects and detection

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C. Griffin and Company, 1906 - 772 pages
 

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Contents

Symptoms in Dogs
35
Michets Experiments on the Comparative Toxicity of Poisonous
42
Williams Apparatus for Investigating the Action of Poisons on the Frogs Heart
45
The Effect of Poisons on the IrisToxic MyosisToxic Mydriasis
48
Ether Recovery Apparatus
51
Arsenic
54
THE SPECTROSCOPE AS AN AID TO THE IDENTIFICATION
56
MicroSpectroscope
57
Hæmatin Crystals
63
Measurement of the Blood CorpusclesRatio of Potash to Soda
65
CARBON MONOXIDECHLORINE HYDRIC SULPHIDE I CARBON MONOXIDE Section Page 37 Properties of Carbon Monoxide 68
68
SymptomsAcute PoisoningChronic Poisoning 69
69
Action of the Gas on the Blood and Nervous System 70
70
Postmortem Appearances 7172
71
Mass Poisonings by Carbon MonoxideThe Leeds CasesThe Dar laston Cases 7274
72
Penetration of Carbon Monoxide 7475
74
Detection of Carbon MonoxideThe Cuprous Chloride Reaction Hempels Biological TestThe Iodine Pentoxide Method 7576
75
CHLORINE 44 Preparation of ChlorineAccidents in the Manufacture of Chlorine 76
76
Effects and Postmortem Appearances
77
HYDRIC SULPHIDE 47 General Properties
78
Postmortem AppearancesChronic Poisoning 7980
79
Detection
80
ACIDS AND ALKALIES SULPHURIC ACIDHYDROCHLORIC ACIDNITRIC ACIDACETIC ACIDAMMONIA POTASHSODANEUTRAL SODIU...
81
Sulphur Trioxide or Sulphuric Anhydride
82
Accidental Suicidal and Criminal Poisoning 83
83
Fatal Dose 84
84
Local Action of Sulphuric Acid 85
85
Action of Sulphuric Acid on Vegetation on Wood on Paper on Carpets on Clothing and on IronCaution in judging of Spots 8687
86
SymptomsExternal EffectsInternal Effects 8789
87
Treatment of Acute Poisoning by the Mineral Ácids
89
Postmortem AppearancesOscar Wyss CaseFrænkel and Reiches Observations on the Effects of the Acid on the Kidney 90
90
Pathological Preparations illustrative of Fatal Sulphuric Acid Poisoning in the various London Museums 91
91
Chronic Poisoning by Sulphuric Acid
92
Detection and Estimation of Free Sulphuric Acid 64 Quinine MethodSolution of Free Acid by AlcoholHilgers Test 93
93
Sulphates in the Urine Changes in the Urine produced by Sulphuric Acid 9496
94
Effects of the Acid on the Blood
96
HYDROCHLORIC ACID Section Page 68 General PropertiesUses 9799
97
Statistics of Poisoning by Hydrochloric Acid
99
Influence of Hydrochloric Acid on Vegetation 100
100
Action upon Cloth and Manufactured Articles
101
Effects of the Liquid AcidA Lessers ExperimentsIllustrative Cases 102
102
Postmortem Appearances Museum Preparations 103
103
Detection and Estimation of Free Hydrochloric Acid 77 1 DetectionGünzburgs TestBenzoPurpurinThe Process of A Villiers and Favolle 2 Estimation...
105
Soda CarbonasCarbonate of Soda
107
Identification of Hydrochloric Acid Stains on Fabrics
108
General Properties and Commercial Varieties
109
Action of Nitric Acid on Vegetation
110
Effects of Liquid Nitric Acid 111
111
Local Action
112
Postmortem AppearancesMuseum Preparations 113115
113
Detection and Estimation of Nitric Acid 115
115
ACETIC ACID 90 StatisticsSymptomsDetection
116
UsesOfficinal and Commercial Preparations 117
117
Statistics
118
Chronic Effects of the Gas
119
Postmortem Appearances Museum Preparations
121
Estimation
122
Carbonate of Potash
123
Effects of Sodium Salts
128
MORE OR LESS VOLATILE POISONOUS SUBSTANCES CAP
135
BenzolinePetroleum SpiritPetrolVarieties of Naphtha and dis
141
Deaths per Million Living from Alcohol 18751903
143
Case of Poisoning by the Liquid
147
Physical and Chemical Properties of ChloroformTests for Purity 151153
151
General Properties
153
Action on Blood Muscle and Nervous Tissue
154
Fatal Dose of the Liquid
155
Postmortem Appearances
156
Suicidal and Criminal Poisoning by Chloroform
157
Symptoms produced by the Vapour 158
158
Criminal or Accidental Alcoholic Poisoning
159
Detection and Estimation of Chloroform
160
Estimation of Chloroform
161
Detection of Chloral Hydrate
162
Effects of Chloral Hydrate on Animals 163
163
Action of Chloral on the Blood
164
Physical Properties of the Amylic Alcohols
165
Symptoms
166
Chronic Poisoning by Chloral Hydrate
167
Excretion of ChloralSeparation of UroChloral from the Urine
168
Separation of Chloral from Organic MattersTests for Chloral 169
169
Substitutions of the Hydrogen by Chlorine in MethaneMethane Dichloride
170
Fatal Dose
171
Veronal Diethylbarbaturic Acid
172
Poisoning by Carbon BisulphideChronic Poisoning 173
173
Postmortem Appearances
174
Commercial VarietiesCalverts Carbolic Acid PowderCarbolic Acid Soaps
176
Fatal Dose
178
Effects on Warmblooded AnimalsRabbitsCatsMice etc
179
Symptoms in ManExternal ApplicationIllustrative Cases 180182
180
Internal Administration 182
182
Symptoms of Carbolic Acid Poisoning
183
The Action of Carbolic Acid considered physiologically
185
Postmortem AppearancesMuseum Preparations
186
chloriteFerric ChlorideBromine
187
Cresol Cresylic Acid MethylPhenolOrtho Meta and Para Cresol Commercial Cresol 188
188
Creasote and Kreozote
189
Carbolic Acid in Organic Fluids
190
Assay of DisinfectantsCarbolic Acid PowdersBromine Method Colorimetric Method of Estimation
192
Analysis of Carbolic Acid Soap
193
Poisoning by Liquid NitroBenzene 195
195
Fatal Dose
196
Pathological Appearances
197
DINITROBENZOL 247 DinitroBenzol Ortho Meta ParaPhysical and Chemical Properties 198
198
Effects of DinitroBenzol 199
199
The Blood in NitroBenzol Poisoning 200
200
Detection of DinitroBenzol 201
201
HYDROCYANIC ACID 251 General Properties of Hydrocyanic Acid
202
Medicinal Preparations of Prussic Acid 253 Poisoning by Prussic AcidUse of the Acid in the ArtsOccurrence
203
Laurocerasin
205
Statistics of Cyanide Poisoning 206
207
Fatal Dose
208
258A Effects on Infusoria Yeast and Algæ
209
Symptoms in Man
211
Tests for Hydrocyanic Acid and Cyanide of PotassiumSchönbeins
217
PHOSPHORUS
224
Varieties of Symptoms Produced
230
Action of Phosphine on the Blood
241
Blondlots Apparatus for Production of Phosphine
244
How long can Phosphorus be recognised after Death?
247
GENERAL METHODS OF TESTING AND EXTRACTING ALKALOIDS Section Page 301 General Tests for Alkaloids
248
1 Phosphomolybdic Acid as a Reagent for Alkaloids 2 Silico Tungstic Acid as a Reagent for Alkaloids 3 Scheiblers Method for AlkaloidsPhosphoTu...
251
General Processes for the Separation of Alkaloidal Substances from Organic MattersKippenbergers Process 252
252
Selmis Process 253
253
Dragendorffs ProcessKippenbergers Modification of Dragendorffs Process 254256
254
Scheiblers Process 256
256
Grandval and Lajouxs Method
257
Sublimation of the Alkaloids 259262
259
Subliming Cell
260
Meltingpoint of the Alkaloids 262
262
Identification by Organic AnalysisMethoxyl GroupsNitrogen
264
LIQUID VOLATILE ALKALOIDS THE ALKALOIDS OF HEMLOCKNICOTINEPITURIESPARTEINE 1 The Alkaloids of Hemlock Conium 318 ...
266
Constitution of the Coniine BasesConiceïnesConhydrinPseudo conhydrineMethylconiine 268
268
Pharmaceutical Preparations 269
269
Statistics of Coniine Poisoning
270
Effects on Man
271
Separation of Coniine from Organic Matters or Tissues
272
The various Species of TobaccoComposition of the Fresh Leaves
273
Chemical and Physical Characters of NicotineTests for Nicotine 275277
275
Effects on Animals 277
277
Effects on ManIllustrative Cases 278
278
Section Page 333 Cases of Tobacco PoisoningTobacco Smoke External Application of Tobacco Leaf 279281
279
Physiological Action 281
281
Fatal Dose
282
337A Antidote to Nicotine
283
Sparteine 339 Chemical and Physical Characters of Sparteine
284
Fatal Dose
285
General CompositionList of Alkaloids and other Principles Analysis of Samples of Opium 286
286
Action of Solvents on Opium
287
Assay of OpiumProcess of Teschemacher and SmithDotts ProcessDouzard Method 287289
289
Statistics of Opium Poisoning 293
292
Poisoning of Children by Opium
294
General Method for the Detection of Opium 295
295
Chemical and Physical Characters of
297
Constitution of Morphine and Codeine 298
298
Tests for MorphineKoberts TestIodic Acid TestVanadic Acid TestTungstic Acid TestTitanic Acid Test and other Reactions 300303
300
Symptoms of Opium and Morphine PoisoningAction on Frogs Dogs Goats Cats and Birds 303
303
Physiological Action 304
304
Physiological Effect of Morphine Derivatives 305
305
The Forms of Opium and Morphine PoisoningIllustrative Cases 306309
306
Diagnosis of Opium Poisoning 309
309
Treatment of Opium or Morphine Poisoning
312
Separation of Morphine from Animal Tissues and Fluids 313
313
Extraction of Morphine 314
314
Chemical and Physical PropertiesBehaviour of Nar cotine with ReagentsConstitution of Narcotine 315317
315
Effects of Narcotine
317
Effects of Codeine 318
318
Section Page 371 Effects of Narceine 320
320
Chemical Properties and Tests
321
Physical and Chemical Properties of
322
Cryptopine
323
LaudanineLaudanidineLaudanosine
324
THE STRYCHNINE OR TETANUSPRODUCING GROUP OF ALKALOIDS 1 Nux Vomica GroupStrychnineBrucineIgasurine 383 General Characte...
326
Strychnine Salts 328
328
Pharmaceutical and other Preparations of Nux Vomica and Strychnine with Suggestions for their ValuationSeparation of the Alkaloids from Nux Vo...
329
Statistics of Death from Strychninethe Series of Murders by Thomas Neill CreamThe Palmer Case 332334
332
Fatal DoseFalcks ResearchesIllustrative Cases 334337
334
Action on Animals 337
337
Effects on ManDistinction between Tetanus from Strychnine and Disease Tetanus 338340
339
Diagnosis of Strychnine Poisoning
340
Postmortem Appearances 341
341
Treatment
342
Identification of the Alkaloid 346
345
The Physiological Test for Strychnine 347
347
Hypaphorine
348
BrucineSolubility and Chemical Properties of Brucine 349
349
Physiological Action 350
350
Tests 351
351
Crystals of MethylBrucine Iodide
352
The Quebracho Group of Alkaloids 404 The Alkaloids obtained from Quebracho Blancko
353
Fatal Dose
354
Effects on Man
355
Coca AlkaloidsCocaine Section Page 413 The Alkaloids in the Leaves of Erythroxylon cocaCocaine
356
Cocaine Hydrochloride
357
Symptoms 358
358
Postmortem Appearances
359
THE ACONITE GROUP OF ALKALOIDS 421 Description of the Aconitum napellus
360
Dunstans Researches The Groups of Aconitine AlkaloidsThe Aconitine GroupThe Pseudaconitines and the Atisine Group The Melting points and Spe...
362
Extraction and Properties
363
BenzoylAconine 364
364
The Lethal Dose of Aconitines 365
365
Insects Fish Reptiles Frogs Action of Aconitine on the HeartEffects of IndaconitineBirds Mammals 366370
366
Physical and Chemical Properties of Narceine and
370
Poisoning by the Alkaloid Aconitine 372374
372
The Lamson Case
374
Poisoning by Medicinal Preparations of Aconite
375
Separation of Aconitine from the Contents of the Stomach or the Organs 376
376
THE MYDRIATIC GROUP OF ALKALOIDSATROPINEHYOSCYAMINE SOLANINECYTISINE 1 Atropine 438 Alkaloids in Plants belonging to t...
377
AtropineAlkaloidal Content of the Belladonna Plant 378
378
The Datura stramoniumDistinction between Seeds of the Datura and those of Capsicum 379
379
Pharmaceutical Preparations of Belladonna
380
Strychnine and AtropineAction of Atropine on the Iris 381384
381
Pseudohyoscyamine
396
Properties of Solanine
397
Poisoning from Solanine
398
Reactions of Cytisine 399
399
Effects on Animals
400
THE ALKALOIDS OF THE VERATRUMS 470 The Active Principles in Veratrum sabadilla V album and V virideChemical Properties of the Alkaloi...
401
VeratridineVeratric AcidCevadine 403
403
Jervine
404
Rubijervine
405
Commercial Veratrine
406
Fatal Dose
407
Symptoms
408
PHYSOSTIGMINE 486 The Ordeal Bean of Calabar
409
Tests 410
410
Pharmaceutical Preparations
411
Physiological Action
412
Fatal Dose of Physostigmine
413
PILOCARPINE Section Page 495 The Alkaloids of the Jaborandi
414
Effects of PilocarpineIsopilocarpinePilocarpidine 415
415
TAXINE 499 Poisonous Properties of TaxineChemical Properties of Taxine
416
Effects on Man
417
CURARE ALKALOIDS 504 The Varieties of CurareIsolation of the Curare Alkaloids 418
418
Physiological Effects 419
419
Separation of Curarine
420
COLCHICINE 507 Content of Alkaloid in Colchicum Seeds
421
Tests
422
Fatal Dose
423
Effects of Colchicine on Man 424
424
Symptoms produced by ColchicinePostmortem Appearances
425
MUSCARINE AND THE ACTIVE PRINCIPLES OF CERTAIN FUNGI 516 The Amanita muscaria Botanical CharactersEffects on the Inhabitants of...
426
Poisoning by the Amanita and Postmortem Characteristics
427
Antagonistic Action of Atropine and Muscarine 428
428
Detection of Muscarine
429
Postmortem Appearances
430
The Boletus satanas
431
Chemical Composition
432
Digitaletin
433
DigitaleretinParadigitaletin
434
Fatal Dose 435
435
Statistics
436
Physiological Action of the Digitalins 439
439
Local Action
440
Infusion of Digitalis
441
Action of the Digitalins on the Mucointestinal Tract and other Organs
442
Postmortem Appearances 443
443
Separation of the Digitalins from Animal Tissues 444
444
OTHER POISONOUS GLUCOSIDES ACTING ON THE HEART 1 Crystallisable Glucosides 548 Antiarin
445
The Active Principles of the HelleboresHelleborinHelleborein Helleboretin
446
Euonymin
447
NonCrystallisable Glucosides almost Insoluble in Water 556 Scillain
448
Poisoning by the Nerium oleander
449
SAPONINSAPONIN SUBSTANCES
450
Varieties of Saponin
451
Effects of Saponin 451
452
Identification of Saponin
453
Section Page
454
Detection of Ergot in Flour
460
PicrotoxinPicrotoxininPicrotin 466
466
241243
467
Effects on Animals
472
ENANTHE CROCATA
473
ICTROGEN
479
The Heloderma
485
THE POISON OF THE SCORPION Section Page 628 Effects of Scorpion Poison 486
486
POISONOUS FISH 629 Murana helenathe FuguPoison of JapanTetrodoninTetro donic Acid 487
487
Other Poisonous FishThe Toad Fish 488
488
POISONOUS SPIDERS AND INSECTS 630A Varieties of Spiders known to be Poisonous 489491
489
The Katipo
491
Cantharidin
492
Pharmaceutical Preparations of Cantharides
493
Illustrative Cases 494
494
Postmortem Appearances
495
POISONOUS SNAKES 642 Classification of Poisonous Snakes
498
Fatal Dose
500
Effects on Man 501
501
Cobra AntiToxin 502
502
647A Other Colubrine SnakesThe Viperidæ
503
647B Duboia Russellii
504
MAMMALIAN POISON 647 D Epinephrin 505
505
647E Physiological Action of Epinephrin
506
Isolation of Animal Toxines 649 Gautiers Process
507
Bocklischs Flask for Distillation in a Vacuum
508
Benzoyl Chloride Method 509
509
The Amines 510512
510
Methylamine
513
Isoamylamine
514
Mydaleine
520
Mydatoxine
526
German Sausage Poisoning
532
Specimens of Oxalic Acid Poisoning in Museums
540
Section Page 707 Metallic Arsenic 546 546548
546
ArsineArseniuretted Hydrogen
548
Arsine in the Arts 711 Effects on Animals and Man of Breathing Arsine 549551
549
The Sulphides of Arsenic
551
Arsenic in the Arts
552
Statistics
557
Dose
558
Effects of Arsenious Acid on Man
560
Manner of Introduction of Arsenic 561 562 562
561
Cases of Poisoning by the External Application of Arsenic
562
Arsenic in WallPapers 564
564
The Subacute Form 567
565
The Nervous Form
567
Absence of Symptoms 568
568
Slow Poisoning 569571
569
Postmortem Appearances in Animals 572 573 573
572
Changes in Gullet Stomach Liver and Kidneys 574576 576
574
Postmortem Appearances in ManMuseum Preparations 735 Physiological Action of Arsenic
576
Elimination of Arsenic
577
Berzelius Tube for Reduction of Arsenic
578
Arsenic in Glycerin 585587
585
Imbibition of Arsenic after Death 590
590
Estimation of Arsenic 592594
592
Gautiers Method 746 Precipitation as Tersulphidea Solution of the Precipitate in Ammonia and Estimation by Iodine b Oxidation of the Sulphide and...
595
Antimony
596
Metallic Antimony 600 600
600
Tartarated Antimony or Tartar Emetic
601
Section Page 751 Pharmaceutical Veterinary and Quack Preparations of Antimony Antimonial Preparations used in Pyrotechny 602604
602
Alloys containing Antimony
604
Antimonial Pigments
605
Effects of Tartar Emetic on Man 606
606
Chronic Antimonial Poisoning 607
607
The Chapman Case 608
608
Postmortem Appearances 609
609
Elimination of Antimony
610
a Dry Method b Wet ProcessesHyposulphite MethodTartaric Acid MethodSodium Peroxide Method 611614
611
763A Stibine
614
Cadmium 765 Properties of the Metal Cadmium
615
Separation and Detection of Cadmium
616
Sulphide of Lead
617
Preparations of Lead used in MedicineQuack Nostrums containing LeadLead PigmentsSalts used in the ArtsAlloys of Lead 618
618
Statistics of LeadPoisoning
620
Effects of Lead Compounds on Animals 622
622
Effects of Lead Compounds on ManAcute Poisoning 623625
623
Chronic Poisoning by Lead 625
625
LeadPoisoning in Whitelead FactoriesDistribution of Lead in the 783 Lead Encephalopathy
626
Brain 627
627
Influence of Lead on the Excretion of Uric Acid 628
628
Effects of LeadPoisoning on the Offspring
629
786B The Plumstead Murder Case
631
Postmortem Appearances
632
Elimination of Lead
633
Antidote and Treatment
634
Detection and Estimation of Lead
635
793B Electrolytic Method of Separating Lead as Dioxide
636
Copper 795 Metallic Copper
637
Solubility of Copper in Water and Various Fluids 638640
638
Copper in the Vegetable and Animal Kingdom and in Foods 640
640
The Coppering of Vegetables 641643
641
Preparations of Copper used in Medicine and the Arts 643
643
DoseMedicinal Dose of Copper
644
Toxic Dose of Copper Salts 646
646
Cases of Acute Poisoning 647
647
Effects of Subacetate Subchloride and Carbonate of Copper
648
Detection and Estimation of CopperElectrolysis of Copper Salts Special Tests for Copper 650
651
Bismuth 811 Properties of Metallic Bismuth
652
Medicinal Doses of Bismuth
653
Extraction and Detection of Bismuth in Animal Matters 654
654
Estimation of BismuthEstimation of Bismuth by Potassic Dichro mateElectrolytic Estimation 655657
657
Medicinal Dose of Silver Compounds
658
Effects of Nitrate of Silver on Animals 659
659
Toxic Effects of Silver Nitrate on Man1 Acute Poisoning 2 Chronic Poisoning
660
Detection and Estimation of Silver 661
661
Mercury 828 Properties of the MetalMercurous Chloride
662
Mercury in the Arts 667
667
The more common Patent and Quack Medicines containing Mercury
668
Mercury in Veterinary Medicine
669
Effects of Mercurial Vapour and of the NonCorrosive Compounds of Mercury 670
670
Section Page 837 Effects on Man 671
671
Absorption of Mercury by the Skin
672
Mercurial Tremor 673
673
Mercuric Methide 674
674
Effects of the Corrosive Salts of Mercury 675
675
Poisoning by the External Application of Corrosive Sublimate
676
Mercuric Cyanide
677
Elimination of Mercury 679
679
Tests for Mercury 680681
680
The Detection of Mercury in Organic Substances and Fluids 681683
681
853A Separation of Mercury by Hydroxylamine
683
Estimation of Mercury
685
PRECIPITATED BY HYDRIC SULPHIDE FROM A NEUTRAL SOLUTION ZINCNICKELCOBALT 1 Zinc 856 The Properties of Metallic Zinc 686
686
The Carbonate of Zinc
687
Zinc in the Arts Chromate of ZincContamination of Liquids by Zinc 688
688
Effects of Zinc as shown by Experiments on Animals
689
b Sulphate of Zinc
690
Postmortem Appearances 691
691
Detection of Zinc in Organic Liquids or Solids 692
692
Identification of Zinc Sulphide
693
Symptoms in Frogs Pigeons GuineaPigs Rats Rabbits 694
694
Action on Striped Muscle
695
PRECIPITATED BY AMMONIUM SULPHIDE IRONCHROMIUMTHALLIUMALUMINIUMURANIUM 1 Iron 875 Poisonous Properties of Iron
696
Effects of Ferric Chloride on Animals
697
Elimination of Iron Chloride
698
Ferrous Sulphate Copperas or Green Vitriol 699
699
Search for Iron Salts in the Contents of the Stomach etc 700
700
Chromium 883 Poisonous Salts of ChromiumNeutral Chromate of Potash
701
Use in the Arts
702
Acute Poisoning by Potassic BichromateStatisticsIllustrative Cases 703
703
Poisoning by Chromate of Lead 704
704
Estimation of Oxalic Acid
705
Detection of the Chromates and Separation of the Salts of Chromium from the Contents of the Stomach
706
Thallium 893 ThalliumGeneral Properties
707
Action of Alum Salts 708
708
Postmortem Appearances
709
Uranium 900 Poisonous Properties of Uranium Salts
710
Chloride of Barium
711
Effects of the Salts of Barium on ManFatal Dose
713
Distribution of Barium in the Body 714
714
Postmortem Appearances
715
General Properties
745
245 246
761
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Poisons, their effects and detection
Alexander Wynter Blyth
Full view - 1906

Common terms and phrases

acetic acid aconitine action added alcohol alkaline alkaloids ammonia ammonium amyl alcohol animals antimony arsenic arsenious acid atropine barium blood boiling brucine carbolic acid carbon monoxide cause cent chemical chloral chloride chloroform colour compound containing convulsions copper crystalline crystals cyanide death decomposed detected died digitalin dilute dissolved distilled drops effects ether evaporated extract fatal filtered filtrate flask fluid gives grains grms gullet heart heat hydric hydrochloric acid hydrogen injected insoluble intestinal iodide Journ kidneys lead liquid liver mercury metallic methyl mgrms minutes morphine mucous membrane nitrate nitric acid obtained opium organic oxalic acid oxide paralysis phosphorus poison post-mortem potassic potassium powder precipitate produced prussic acid rabbits reaction reagent respiration salt separated silver soda sodic sodium soluble solution specific gravity stomach strychnine subcutaneously sublimate substance sulphate sulphide sulphuric acid symptoms temperature tissues toxic Toxicologie treated tube urine vapour vomiting yellow zinc

Bibliographic information

TitlePoisons, their effects and detection
AuthorAlexander Wynter Blyth
PublisherC. Griffin and Company, 1906
Length772 pages
  
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