The Yorkshire Archaeological Journal

embattled, with corner buttresses, belfry windows of two lights, with obtuse arch and debased west window of three lights, each merely trefoiled, and under it a plain drawing with hood moulding.

ST. MARY, ELLAND.

January 18th, 1854.-A good plain church, chiefly of the late rough Perpendicular prevalent in these mountain districts, comprising nave and chancel, each with north and south aisles, and a western tower which is engaged with the west end of the aisles, and a south porch. There are two windows on the south of the chancel, which are squareheaded of two lights, of a Decorated character. All the others are Perpendicular, late in the style, and mostly square-headed. The east window of five lights, with plain mullions and no tracery. In the south aisle an alteration was made about 1600 by the addition of one gable, as if for a chapel, with large graduated window of six lights. There is no clerestory, but a small approximation to one appears in the elevation of the nave roof above that of the aisles, yet with scarcely any room for windows. The south porch is debased, and has an elliptical arch to its outer door. There is a corbel table running round the whole church with large block corbels, probably Late. The tower is well proportioned and of pleasing character, four stages high, embattled, with corner buttresses, but no pinnacles. It has the corbel table, like a machicolation, and corner buttresses and belfry windows of two lights. The east end of the chancel is of excellent masonry, and has canopied buttresses. Under the east window is a door which must have led to a crypt or vestry under the altar. The nave is of four bays beyond the tower. The latter rises on pointed arches with octagonal piers, and the west window, Perpendicular of three lights, is filled with good stained glass by Wailes, in memory of the Rev. Mr. Atkinson, late incumbent. The arcades of the nave. have pointed arches with large octagonal piers, of which the capitals are very plain. The chancel arch is similar. The chancel is of two bays to its aisles, and extends somewhat beyond them. In the chancel the arcades are as those of the nave, and contain some wood-screens, partly old. The organ is at the east end of the south aisle. There is scarcely

any interval in the arcades between nave and chancel. The east window contains ancient stained glass rather mutilated. The altar neat, the pulpit new, of Gothic woodwork. There is one flowered capital on the south-west respond of the chancel. The chancel is stalled, and the interior neat, well cared for, and further improvement proposed, especially by the demolition of the west gallery. The nave is ceiled, the chancel has flat original roof with panelling and bosses. The font octagonal and plain.

ALL SAINTS, ALMONDBURY.

January 18th, 1855.-A good church chiefly Perpendicular, consisting of nave with aisles and chancel, with chapels, western tower and south porch. The roofs are sloping and covered with stone slate. The tower of fair outline, much resembling that at Kirkheaton, but having the belfry windows of three lights. The windows are mostly of a sort common in this region, of three lights, merely cinquefoiled, without tracery. The nave is lofty and the arcades good, each of five tall pointed arches with octagonal columns having moulded capitals. The clerestory windows squareheaded, of three lights. The aisles of the nave are lofty, but rather narrow. The roof of the nave is a good flat one of wood, with panelling and bosses, and on a cornice beneath it runs a black-letter inscription all round, which the darkness of the day prevented from being read. The chancel arch is very wide, springing from channelled octagonal piers. The nave is pewed and has a gallery with a good organ. The chancel is very long and fortunately free from pews. opens to each of its aisles which are private chapels; to the south chapel by two late Perpendicular arches, with channelled octagonal pier, marking a late period. The east part of this aisle forms a vestry, divided from the chancel by a wall. There is only a large arch to the north chapel, and one smaller depressed one. This aisle is full of monuments, and formed into a pew. These aisles or chapels are low. The chancel extends in length considerably beyond these chapels. There are windows to the north and south of it which may possibly be earlier, apparently two lancet lights beneath a pointed arch and containing some fine stained glass. The east end presents the remarkable feature of three east windows which

seem to be Perpendicular and rather coarse. The centre one of three lights each cinquefoiled, the lateral ones with plain unfoliated mullions. In these are portions of good ancient stained glass with remains of inscriptions. The altar is of Gothic wood work. On the south is a plain piscina with shelf and circular orifice. The font is poor, on octagonal bowl, but with fine lofty wood cover of tabernaclework.

At the east end of the clerestory is an arched opening, as for a sanctus bell.

ST. ALKELDA, GIGGLESWICK.

August 17th, 1846.-A Perpendicular church, of the type common in this part of Yorkshire, comprising nave and chancel, each with aisles, and not architecturally separated, west tower and south porch. The parapets are moulded and without battlement, except the eastern gable. The nave has on each side an arcade of four pointed arches with octagonal pillars; the chancel has two of similar character. The nave has a clerestory with square-headed late windows; the chancel is lower than the nave and has no clerestory. The windows of the aisles are square-headed of three lights. The tower arch is pointed and cut by a gallery. The chancel has an east window of six lights, and in the south. aisle of the chancel are some of four lights, all squareheaded and labelled. The roofs are flat and low, and further injured by modern ceiling. There is a good pulpit with wood carving, A.D. 1660, and there is an inscription on the reading pew.

The font has a small octagonal bowl with a fine lofty Gothic wood cover suspended with a pulley, the gift of Reverend Ingram, Vicar, 1820. The tower is low and plain, embattled, with four pinnacles, has a stair turret at the south-east, and two-string courses, all plain Perpendicular. The belfry windows of two lights, under which are single three-foiled openings, also a west doorway and window of three lights. There are three bells.

ALL SAINTS, ILKLEY.

May 9th, 1862.-The plan is nave with north and south aisles, chancel with north aisle, west tower and south porch.

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The whole has been lately renovated, the chancel enlarged and aisle added, and the interior fitted with neat pitch pine open seats. The south wall of the nave and all the chancel may be pronounced new. The nave arcades, originally of three arches, are now extended to a fourth eastward, all uniform and pointed, with octagonal pillars having capitals, of which one is ribbed. The clerestory has windows only on the south, which are square-headed, of four lights, and of rather a domestic character. The north aisle has some late square-headed windows of three lights without foils. At the west end of the south aisle is an original square-headed Decorated window of two lights. The other windows are reproductions of plain Perpendicular ones of three lights, merely trefoiled. There is a plain piscina in the south aisle, near what was formerly its eastern termination, and near it a sepulchral arch with a finely preserved effigy of a crosslegged knight in chain armour, with a shield bearing the arms: Fretty, a canton in dexter chief," and a lion at the feet. The roofs are new. At the west end of the north aisle remains an enclosed pew with rather fine wood-screen work, bearing date 1633. The chancel arch is rather new, of four-centred shape on concave octagonal shafts. The chancel is stalled for the choir, has a pointed arch to the north aisle in which is the organ. The sacrarium is neat. The east window of doubtful character, and filled with mediocre stained glass. The north-east window Decorated, squareheaded, of two lights. There is a piscina on the south, low and plain, having a circular basin, also a curious palimpsest brass, with inscription of the 16th century upon the reverse side of writing of the 15th century, but in an imperfect state. The doorway within the south porch seems to be Early English, has two orders of toothed moulding. The roofs are covered with stone flags. The tower is Perpendicular embattled, with four crocketed pinnacles, belfry windows of two lights, corner buttresses, of which that on the south-east has a small niche, west window of three lights. The font is a new one, octagonal and plain. In the churchyard are three ancient shafts of crosses, sculptured with knots or scrolls and rude figures and foliage.

Is edited under the direction of the Council of the Yorkshire Archæological Society, but the writers are alone responsible for the statements and opinions contained in their respective papers.

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VOL. 1.