Skookum Gulch, Bonanza Creek, Klon dike, Yukon District. McDonald's Bonanza Klondike 1156. Gold dust, value £61 19s. (20.65 oz.), one-tenth part Bonanza Creek, Klondike, Yukon Dis-Collected by R. G. McConnell, trict. 1153. Section of gravels reconstructed from samples taken At this point the succession of beds encountered in mining was as follows:-About one foot of surface "muck," then nipe feet of alternating beds of "muck," sand and gravel carrying no payable gold. At ten feet from the surface the "pay-dirt" is encountered, measuring some four feet in thickness, all of which, together with the upper two feet, or broken portion of the underlying bed-rock, is worked for gold. Eldorado Creek, Klondike, Yukon District. 1114. Gold dust, 1 oz., worth $16 per oz. W. Ogilvie, Dawson City, Yukon District. W. Leek, Dawson City, Yukon District. 1123. Gold dust washed from one cubic foot of gravel, Eldorado Creek, Klondike, Yukon R. R. Lowe, Dawson City, Yukon District. } District. 1188. Gold, 2 oz. Hunker Creek, Claim No. 35, above R. R. Lowe, Dawson City, Yukon Discovery, Klondike, Yukon Dist. District. 1189. Gold, 2 oz. Hunker Creek, Klondike, Yukon District. 1115. Gold dust, 1 oz., worth $16 per oz. Eureka Creek, Klondike, Yukon District. 1124. Gold dust, 1 oz., worth $15 per oz. Gold Run Creek, Klondike, Yukon District. 1110. Gold dust, 1 oz., worth $16 per oz. Last Chance Creek, Klondike, Yukon District. 1112. Gold dust, 1 oz., worth $16 per oz. Livingston Creek, Big Salmon River, Yukon District. 1117. Gold dust. Two nuggets, 1.1 oz. Forty-mile Creek, Yukon District... W. Ogilvie, Dawson City, Yukon 1121. Three nuggets, 2.35 grammes. ALBERTA AND ATHABASCA DISTRICTS. Although figures of production are available only as far back as 1887, mining for gold in the above-mentioned districts of the Northwest Territories has been prosecuted to a greater or less extent for the past thirty years or more. The precious metal has been found upon the South Saskatchewan River, the Peace River and the McLeod, Athabasca, Bow, Old Man and other rivers, but the North Saskatchewan, for about sixty miles above and a similar distance below Edmonton, has been the chief field of operations, and has attracted the largest number of miners. The early miners are said to have made from $20 to $30 a day, but from $1 to $1.50 is now considered a fairly good daily average. The bulk of the output, even during the past three years, has been taken out by the "hand miners" working with pick and shovel, and employing the rocker or grizzly. Steam dredges have, however, been introduced, and as the result of improvements depending upon experience here and elsewhere in recent years, it seems likely that these will play an important part in future mining. No gold has been found in the Saskatchewan River above Rocky Mountain House, though frequently looked for by experienced miners. Its origin, therefore, cannot be the Rocky Mountains, but is in all probability the glacial drift, which is spread over the country for hundreds of miles, and which is largely derived from the great belt of crystalline Archæan rocks to the north-east. These rocks are largely developed about Lake Superior and Lake Huron, and extend from the former, lake in a north-westerly direction to the Arctic Ocean. The gold is always in a very finely divided state, showing that it has been transported from a great distance. North Saskatchewan, N.W.T....... 1138. Gold dust, collected by amalgamation. ..Geological Survey. Gold is reported to have been first discovered in the valley of the Chaudière about the year 1823 or 1824, near the mouth of the Touffe des Pins or Gilbert River, an affluent of the Chaudière. In 1835 the occuṛ-rence of gold in this region was mentioned by Lieutenant Baddeley, R. E. Since that date repeated examinations have shown it to be distributed over much of the country lying between the Chaudière River and the boundaries of Maine and New Hampshire, and embracing the southeastern townships of the Province of Quebec. Although more or less gold may be found in nearly every stream in this area, its profitable extraction has as yet been confined to two localities, viz.: the upper waters of the Salmon River, in the county of Compton, and along the Chaudière and its tributaries in the county of Beauce. The Beauce auriferous region embraces the valleys of the Chaudière and du Loup, and their tributaries, stretching from St. Joseph, in the Province of Quebec, to the United States boundary line; but the scene of the most important workings for the precious metal has been the Gilbert River, whence the greater part of the gold recorded as having come from Beauce has been extracted. Some very large nuggets have been found, the heaviest weighing 71 ounces, others 52 and 51 ounces, and a large number respectively worth several hundred dollars. There are two kinds of auriferous gravels represented, the post-glacial, feebly auriferous as a rule, and the pre-glacial, usually oxidized and containing much gold, especially in the bottom. These are found throughout in the river-beds of the auriferous area. The alluvial gold worked in the other area is on a branch of the Ditton River. The principal workings are situated on Lots 39 and 40, Range IX of Ditton township. Gold mining in these regions has consisted largely in the exploration and the washing of the gravels in the shallower beds, and but little has been attempted in the deeper portions, or where the auriferous deposits lie below the level of the present river-beds, except in the Gilbert valley, where alluvial mining was carried on at different depths from 30 to 80 feet below the channel of the present river. Claim No. 3, near the forks of Gilbert River, Que.......... Geological Survey. 1140. Model of gold nugget, 3 lbs., 9 oz., 12 dwts.; $821.56. This nugget was found 21st Jan., 1867, by Arch. McDonald, R. McDonald, J. McLeod and J. McRae. Gold-bearing Quartz and Other Auriferous Ores. The sources of the placer gold found in alluvial deposits are in the gold-bearing quartz veins and in other auriferous ores. These are to be sought for wherever placer gold occurs in any considerable amount, and the two classes of gold deposits are generally closely associated, although in Nova Scotia alluvial gold deposits are scarcely known, notwithstanding the richness of the veins of gold-bearing quartz, and in Quebec payable quartz veins have not yet been discovered in the district producing alluvial gold. The gold produced from auriferous ores in Canada amounted in 1899 to about $3,820,000 or approximately 18 per cent. of the whole production of gold. Of the above amount, nearly 75 per cent. was produced in British Columbia, Nova Scotia contributing some 14 per cent. and Ontario about 11 per cent. The auriferous ores of Canada may be arranged, for purposes of enumeration and description, under certain groups. The milling ores are those in which the metal occurs clearly in the native state or so associated with other minerals that it may be extracted by milling processes with or without the aid of amalgamation, chlorination or the cyanide process. Of this class are nearly all the ores of Nova Scotia and Ontario together with many of those of British Columbia. But even in such ores there is often a certain amount of pyritous concentrates, which, if saved, may be smelted. In contrast with these is a group of ores from which the metals must be extracted primarily by smelting, either at the mine or at outside smelters. To this class belong the auriferous sulphides of Rossland, B.C., with some others. No definite line can be drawn between these two classes. They mutually overlap, to some extent, but it is convenient and natural to make a general separation on the above lines and with the above reservations. It must, however, further be remembered in connection with this catalogue, that the information respecting the ores exhibited is often far from complete. Many of the specimens represent undeveloped deposits, of which the precise character in regard to treatment has not been ascertained; again among the smelting ores some are not rich enough to go direct to the furnace, requiring in the first place concentration by milling. The gold ores of the eastern provinces, being all comprised, as stated, within the milling class, the smelting ores are so far confined to certain districts in British Columbia. It has been found necessary, however, for British Columbia, to institute a third class, in which gold, silver and copper are all present in quantities of some importance. These ores are often very varied in composition, and where the deposits have not been actually worked as yet, it is often impossible to say which metal is the ruling one in regard to values. Such ores are therefore classed, where nothing to the contrary is actually known, as gold ores with silver and copper values. It is obvious that as development proceeds, many of them may prove to be essentially silver or copper ores with gold values. In British Columbia the chief production and treatment of milling |