and another had placed herself behind some boards in the yard and was enjoying the luxury of a pipe; long may she be blest with an appetite and the means of gratifying it. In the second story we were introduced to a lady, who was sitting on her bed, rather en dishabille, but not without a due sense of propriety. She received us with dignity, and our companion as one to whom she did respect rather for kindness than station. She lamented the state of the times and the general prevalence of immorality, and spoke of her own sufferings. She had been handsome-sickness had made havoc with her bloom, but it had not dimmed the brightness of her intelligent eye-nor had hallucination, while it disturbed her thought, marred the propriety of her language. "Were I proud," said she, "I should regret my inability to invite you to a better room; but what cause have I to complain, when He by whom I live, who is my support here and my hope for hereafter, had not where to lay his head? They have wronged me of all my worldly goods, and all my exalted standing: the whole of those bright manors were mine, and with them the glory of descending from Columbus. There were two of that name-one the discoverer, the other a priest, and I am descended from the latter; he was the owner of all those lands, and I was his heir " "But," said we, laying our finger upon her arm as if seeking pardon for the interruption, "but how could the priest have a wife?" A slight color passed over the pallid cheek of the unfortunate woman, as she perceived the dilemma in which she was placed. "Oh," said she suddenly, "that is easy enough. We are of the Greek church, and hold that marriage is honourable in all. Is it not "It is certainly in the Scripture," said we, "and therefore it must be so." "It is now too late-too late for me-sickness has stretched me out on this bed of pain; and if it were not so, what could I do now? Would some good angel whisper into the ear of parents to bring up their children in the fear of the Lord, and in the love of right; to chasten their young minds by gentle discipline; and to repress in them the pride of display. Oh! could parents know the danger of making their children conspicuous -of allowing them to feel themselves, or make themselves foremost. This is the rock upon which female virtue makes shipwreck-that love of distinction-that fond desire for notoriety, the bane of female happiness -that which has peopled the gibbet, and sent its victim to a martyr's stake, which shows itself shamelessly in some, and lurks most dangerously with others beneath the humble mantle of the Nun. It is often the same feeling dictating the prayer and the penance of the devotee, and awakening the song and the dance of the worlding. Oh could I go forth and tell this to mothers, could I warn them of the dangers to which they expose their daughters, I should do service to my kind; but this narrow cell is now the limit of my wanderings, and I must pray for those whom I cannot exhort. May the deep pangs of mental and physical sufferings, which bow my body and my mind in this straightened bed, be to me the means of grace, and may my sufferings be to you, a lesson that virtue, in its limited sense, is not enough for your daughters. They must have the delicacy of females to shrink from display, and to turn with trembling, from the chance of notoriety." There was a "method in the madness" of this female, which told her story-we needed no mere. ers that their money goes to the purposes indicated in the call made upon them. The access to the houses are by a well macadamized road leading from the Darby road; and also by a road from the Schuylkill. Good taste and judgment have been exercised in the exterior arrangements of the establishment, in the avenues, the disposition of the fields and out houses, and plans to extend the improvements of the grounds, so as further to promote the objects of the institution, are being matured. When we consider the size of the lot, about one hundred and eighty acres, its peculiar location and exposure, the decorations, the improvements of the lands, the advantages already taken of the location, the immense piles of buildings, the admirable arrangements of rooms, the proprieties observed in classification, the excellent discipline and police arrangements of the house, the means to occupy profitably, the time of those able to labor, to instruct the young, to administer to the sick and sustain the aged, we may justly boast of the provisions which Philadelphia has made for the poor. MEDICAL SCHOOL AT THE ALMS HOUSE: The advantages which the new alms house affords to medical students, should be known to them. The hospital of that institution is a practical school of medicine, unequalled perhaps by any establishment in the United States. Here every form and variety of disease to which the human frame is liable, presents itself with all the varieties which similar circumstances create, and a careful attention on the part of a student to the lectures at the bed side of the patient, and to the symptoms presented at different stages of the disease, will insure a knowledge of the science he seeks, and enable him early to enter upon a proper discharge of those important duties which belongs to his profession. The following census of the wards, will show the number and variety of cases now in the hospital. Printed every Saturday morning by WILLIAM F. GEDDES, No. 9 Library street. The attendants seemed to give all heed to the wants of the unfortunate patients submitted to their care, and the neatness and propriety of the apartments were most The publication office of the Register has been recommendable, and the general comforts of the sick and moved from Franklin Place, to No. 61, in the Arcade, infirm inmates such as to be satisfactory to the tax pay-West Avenue, up stairs. HAZARD'S REGISTER OF PENNSYLVANIA. DEVOTED TO THE PRESERVATION OF EVERY KIND OF USEFUL INFORMATION RESPECTING THE STATE. EDITED BY SAMUEL HAZARD. VOL. XVI.--NO. 20. PHILADELPHIA, NOVEMBER 14, 1835. No. 410. when earth fails them, they look to heaven for a name from which they may derive to themselves honor and glory. But we are not to look to ancient mythology nor to more modern legendary lore for a name on which to fashion of the day requires a Saint, where can we find rest our claim to national honour. If, however, the the mortal man whose life was more holy, more reliAnd if any one should ask for his canonization, I say gious, more truly christian, than that of our Wm. Penn. the whole earth has canonized him; he is not the Saint of a sect or of a party; wherever his name and his fame are known, none but a fanatic will ever deny him the praise of true sanctity. But let us leave the Saint in the enjoyment of his reward, which we trust has been awarded to him in the celestial regions. It does not belong to us to be stow heavenly crowns, nor shall we call religion in aid of our pride. It is the man whom we celebrate, a man, who, as often has been said, has not his like among the founders of empires. Honored as we are by being the only people that bears the name of their first legislator, and such a legislator as William Penn, we are bound in duty, not to perpetuate his fame, for that will live for ever without our feeble aid, but at least once in every GENTLEMEN,-We are again met at the expiration of eleven years, since our society was first instituted, to celebrate together in peace and harmony the anniversary of the landing of our illustrious founder, William Penn, on the shores of the country that bears bis name. In this respect Pennsylvania has no rival in the history of past or of present times, except the republic of Rome which bore the name of her founder Romulus, which her capital city still retains. Heroes and con-year to commemorate his virtues and express our sense querors have given their names to towns and cities, we have Alexandrias and Cæsareas, but no other State but ours has immortalized itself by adopting the name of the man who laid the first foundations of its future glory. Britain has in vain endeavoured to derive her name from the Roman Brutus, this darling fable of the British nation, so much insisted on by her chroniclers, only serves to show how anxious the most illustrious people have been to connect their names with that of some great man, and the lustre which they justly thought was to be reflected upon them by such an association. Then we have reason to be proud of the name of Penn-ed Pilgrims; while the halls of Albany and N. Y. resound sylvania. of the immense benefits that we have received at his with that of their Sainty Claus, shall we leave the In ancient times states and cities loved to ascribe their origin to their fabled gods, or at least, to consider themselves as under their special protection. Athens was the city of Minerva, whose name she bore. Heraclea of Hercules, and so on with a long list that needs not be here enumerated. Modern nations in imitation We have been reproached by other nations with havof them have placed themselves under the patronage ing no antiquities. The answer is simple; we are makof the legendary Saints of the Roman Calendar. Eng.ing antiquities, and such antiquities as no country on land has adopted St. George, the killer of a dragon, Scotland St. Andrew, Ireland St. Patrick, and France St. Dennis, who carried his head in his hand and gave rise to the famous proverb, "the first step is the most difficult." Our brethren of New York, for want of a William Penn, have adopted St. Nicholas, a worthy Bishop, it is said, of the Council of Nice, but even that is not very clearly ascertained. No doubt, gentlemen, these Saints, whether or not they killed dragons, or carried their heads in their hands, or sat in the Council of Nice, were holy men and venerable characters, and because their legends are occasionally mixed with fables, it is not my intention to derogate in the least from their merits; I only meant to illustrate by those examples my proposition, that there is in human nature a strong disposition to connect nations with great and illustrious characters, and that VOL. XVI. 39 earth can at present boast of. I ask, what country there is upon earth that can point in its annals to a William Penn or a Washington? Where is there recorded an immense republic extending from one ocean to the other, composed of independent yet dependent States, held together without a King or an Emperor, and without an army? A country where opinions are free, where industry is free, and where every citizen has a voice in the choice of its magistrates? A country whose discoveries and improvements in the practical application of science have changed the face of the world in the short space of fifty years? Is any thing like that to be found in Herodotus or Manetho, in Xenophon or Livy, or in the annals of the venerable Bede? These are our antiquities; nothing but lapse of time is wanting to make them such, and is it a just cause of reproach, that they are not yet covered with the rust of ages? What should we say of a lover who found fault with his mistress because her fice was not yet wrinkled? Let other nations enjoy their wrinkles, while we enjoy our youth; such a youth as none of them can boast of having ever had. Gentlemen, these thoughts fire my old age, and are to me the subject of the most pleasing meditations.Often in my musing hours, I transport myself in imagination to the early times of this great commonwealth. 1 converse with Penn, with Logan, with Norris, with Lloyd. If I wander on the banks of the Schuylkill or the Delaware, I divest them of their present appear ance; I see the caves where the first settlers endured the hardships of a severe winter; I see the opposite shores covered with woods, and the Indians emerging from them with their bows and arrows-I hear their shouts I see them shake hands with the peaceful Quaker, crying nitis, nitis, my friend! my friend! All these scenes pass in imagination before my eyes, until the rumbling of a Lancaster wagon, the soun of bells, or the meeting of an acquaintance, dispel the illusion, and when the reality strikes my eyes, I cannot help claiming-O, if William Penn could see this! from Nashville to New Orleans. Thus when the Cumberland valley rail road, and the other projected lines of rail road, between this and New Orleans, shall be constructed, there will be a continuous rail-road from Philadelphia to New Orleans. And that they will be constructed with rapidity there is every assurance in the spirit and activity which is manifested in their favor through this rich, populous, fertile, and highly cultivat ed region. One certain effect of the completion of the Cumberland valley rail-road will be to give to Philadelphia the trade of Cumberland, Franklin and Perry, which has hitherto gone to Baltimore. Another certain effect will be, to bring into notice the lands of Cumberland and Franklin, which are highly fertile and productive, principally limestone, but which, for want of facilities for getting to market, have been selling much lower than any lands of the same quality, and possessing equal advantages in this State. It is clear to our minds, that when the rail roads from New Orleans, above indicated, shall be made, that the ex-immense travel upon them, will keep the continuous line, to Philadelphia and to New York, instead of turning off to Baltimore, or any more southern city. O, that he could see us met here joyfully in his name, to rememorate his times, to celebrate his virtues, and hold them up as an example to the present and to fu ture generations! But his immortal mind soars now so high above earthly things, that perhaps he sees our flourishing state, and our boasted improvements, with an eye of pity. But the feelings that unite us he cannot but appreciate, an association founded on the love of virtue, and having its promotion for its object, must receive the approbation of angels in heaven, as well as of men on earth. For this noble purpose, and to give vent to the feelings of our gratitude for the benefits that we have received at the hands of our great founder, this society has been instituted, and it is hoped will continue to exist through successive generations, to the end of time. To us is committed the custody of the sacred fire; let our motto be-alere flammam, and let us by no means ever suffer it to be extinguished. REPORT of William Milnor Roberts, Chief Engineer of the To the President and Directors of the Cumberland Valley GENTLEMEN,- have the honour to present you the following report on the surveys which have been made under my direction, with a view to a Rail Road between Chambersburg and the Susquehanna river. By the charter of the Company, the Rail Road is required to pass by way of Carlisle and Shippensburg. The surveys have therefore been directed in such a manner, as to touch or pass through the points named, with all the routes which have been explored. Although the present charter may not expressly authorize the construction of a bridge across the Susquehanna river, it is reasonable to presume, it was not the I therefore propose, gentlemen, the following toast: The 24th of October, 1682-perpetually to be com-intention of the Legislature to fix the termination of memorated and honored. 3. The State of Pennsylvania. Honored by the name of its founder; emulous of his virtues. 4. The United States. While the Key stone stands firm, their union never will give way. 5. Philadelphia; once the grove of the tall pine trees, now the seat of science, literature and the arts. 6. The memory of James Logan, Thomas Lloyd, and Isaac Norris, the worthy friends and coadjutors of our founder. 7. Old Upland, first honored with the footsteps of William Fenn, and where universal toleration was first proclaimed. 8. Shackamaxon and the Treaty Tree. Ever to be membered. the road on the western side of the river; more especially, as it is intended to be auxiliary to other improvements already constructed or in progress, east of the river; and to form, in fact, a continuation of the main line of Rail Road, which will, upon the completion of the Harrisburg and Lancaster Rail Road, be extended from Philadelphia to our seat of government. [Details of the surveys, &c. are omitted.] The whole length of the route, as traced from the Susquehanna river, by way of Mechanicsburg, Carlisle, Irwin's Mill, Shippensburg, and Thompson's Mill, to Chambersburg, is 49 miles, which is about the same re-length as the present turnpike, and six miles shorter than the route surveyed by order of the State, in 1828. 9. Our next meeting. May it prove as happy as this. Nearly the whole of the Rail Road will pass through a finely cultivated country, abounding with some of the richest limestone farms in the State. The ground is generally slightly undulating, but not broken, except in very few instances, for short distances. The line is crossed by very few streams, and consequent ly requires a comparatively small expenditure for culverts and bridges. From the Harrisburg Chronicle, CUMBERLAND VALLEY RAIL ROAD. We present to day the interesting and able report of W. Milnor Roberts, chief engineer on this road. The Cumberland valley rail road will be connected with the The graduation, upon much the greatest portion, Lancaster and Harrisburg rail road, which connects will be under thirty feet per mile, and it will not be with the Philadelphia and Columbia rail road, and is in necessary, in any case, to adopt a grade as steep as the progress of construction. From Chambersburg to highest grade on the Columbia Rail Road. In plan its some convenient point of connection with the Winches- features will be remarkably favourable, the curves being ter, (Va.) rail road cannot be more than forty miles.few in number, and all, except two or three, having Rail roads are projected from Winchester, in this same Cumberland valley, and following it south-westward to Staunton (Va.) and thence to Nashville, (Tenn.) and radii exceeding half a mile in length. The following is an estimate of the probable cost of constructing the Rail Road from the Susquehanna river Fencing and land damages Total 307 The following estimate of the local trade of Cumber. land Valley, which may be anticipated on this Rail Road, has been calculated from the best data which I could procure, viz. Whiskey, Tons Tons 5000 4000 22000 $250,578 00 Plaster, 4500 Pork and Bacon, 1000 33,500 00 $469,464 00 To this may properly be added 95,000 00 the estimated cost of constructing a bridge across the Susquehanna, to connect with the Harrisburg and Lancaster Rail Road; which will make the total estimated cost $564,065 00. The second track can probably be completed for an additional sum of $141,000 00. In the foregoing estimate, the cost of purchasing locomotives, cars, &c. has not been included, as that more properly belongs to the business of the road, and in fact depends almost entirely upon the amount of trade to be passed. 1 have endeavoured to ascertain, as near as practicable, the amount and kind of trade, &c. that may be anticipated upon the completion of the Rail Road; and I have been surprised at the extent of the local trade alone, of the two counties through which it passes. An enumeration, obtained from good authorities, of some of the most prominent sources whence this may be derived, may not prove uninteresting. Making the aggregate amount fifty one thousand nine hundred and fifty tons of local trade alone. This is, however, but a part of the business upon which the stockholders may confidently depend. A very considerable portion of the great trade of the west, particularly valuable merchandize, will naturally seek the channel by which it can be conveyed with the greatest despatch and certainty; and, during the winter when the canals are closed, nearly the whole of the western trade, which has heretofore, in the absence of an improvement of this kind, been stored up at Phila delphia and Pittsburg, or forwarded at a great expense of time and money, all the way in wagons, will be car ried to Chambersburg and there transported to and from the Rail Road. Although it is difficult to affix a limit to the trade that may be derived from this last mentioned source, it will probably be within bounds to assume it at 35,000 tons per annum. It can scarcely be doubted that much of the western travelling will, upon the completion of the Rail Road, take this direction. This is a business that is daily in creasing, and which will continue to increase in an equal ratio with the facilities offered to the community. The free communication which will be opened between the flourishing towns of Cumberland Valley, will also greatly augment the local travel, already very considerable. There, are, at this time, in Cumberland and Franklin counties, 152 grist mills, manufacturing yearly about 340,000 barrels of flour: upwards of 80 distilleries, making more than 1,000,000 gallons of whiskey per annum; 9.furnaces, 7 of which are of the largest class, giving employment to 14 forges, and making upwards of 5000 tons of iron yearly: much of this is cast into ware, and thus rendered a more valuable article of transportation. There is also an extensive rolling mill in Franklin county; there are three paper mills, which manufacture about 800 tons of paper annually; 12 oil mills, 25 clover mills, and 132 saw mills. There are also about 35 factories, which manufacture large quantities of coarse cotton and woolen goods. And, in addition to these, not less than 250 retailers of mer-35,000 tons, through trade, carried 49 chandize, making yearly sales amounting to at least $1,300,000. The following estimate of the yearly revenue to be derived from the sources referred to, will, it is believed, not exceed the actual amount that will be received within a few years, viz: When it is considered that no more than one-third of the whole water power of Cumberland Valley is fully employed-that iron ore of the very best quality, and in great abundance, is found from one end of the valley to the other-and that a large majority of the farms are yet too extensive, easily admitting of a more minute division, and consequent increase of products, some idea may be formed of the extent of the business which will probably be concentrated upon an improvement like the present, passing directly through the heart of a wealthy and fertile country, so abounding in agricultural and mineral treasures. It is proper also to bear in mind, that they are at this time opening two state roads from Perry county into Cumberland, which cannot fail to add a very considera- | ble increase to the business of the road. It is a matter almost of notoriety that the inhabitants of the southern part of Perry county are anxiously looking forward to the completion of this work, as presenting to them the only means of fairly competing with their neighbors on the north, who have been more fortunate in their proximity to the state improvements. To accommodate the above transportation, would require ten locomotives, 8 of which only to be constant. by employed; 20 passengers cars and 82 freight cars; the original cost of which would be $78,400. This sum, added to $564,064, the estimated cost of com. pleting the road, with a single track, would make the whole investment required $642,464 00. To maintain the Rail Road in repair, and to work the locomotives and cars, and keep them in repair, and to cover all the expenses of the company, necessary to carry the above trade, would require an expenditure of about $155,000, which deducted from the estimated. amount received, leaves a balance of $99,617 50, to be appropriated to the payment of interest upon the investment, This calculation may appear too large to those who are not well acquainted with the wealthy region through which the Rail Road is to be made; but if the road can secure the whole trade of the valley, as it probably will, it will be fully realized. Philadelphia has a deeper interest than has generally been imagined, in the speedy completion of this improvement, as it will advantageously effect her interests to a very considerable extent. But few of her capitalists have turned their attention to the immense trade of Cumberland and Franklin counties. One obvious reason of this is, that it was in a measure unknown to the commercial community, Up to the present period nearly the whole of it has been taken to Baltimore, upon the turnpikes leading from Cambersburg and Carlisle to that city. The fact that those turnpikes have yield ed a handsome per centage on their cost is conclusive evidence of the extent of business they have engrossed. furnish an instrumentality by which difficulties incident to remoteness of situation and want of personal acquaintance may be overcome. Of the manner in which we propose to do this, we submit the following general outline. 1. By receiving and registering all applications for situations from all classes of Teachers. 2. By receiving and registering all applications for Teachers of every grade of learning, and every variety of instruction. 3. When we find the wishes of the applicants to cor. respond, by making this correspondence known to the parties, and by passing the Teacher to the school or private situation as soon as practicable. 4. If any Teachers shall be unable to defray their travelling expenses to the places of destination, by loaning, as far as possible, money to said Teachers for this object; said loans to be refunded as soon as the circumstances of the Teachers will permit. To facilitate these important objects, we are prepared to receive applications, and to answer the same. In order that the correspondence may not become of needless extent, attention to the following suggestions is particularly requested. Teachers applying for Schools or Private Situations It is scarcely known to Philadelphians that a large proportion of the justly celebrated Howard street flour is the product of Cumberland Valley, in Pennsylvania, which has only been carried thither because it was evidently the most convenient seaport. The grand system of internal improvements which has been in progress in our state during the last ten years, has not extended any of its numerous branches through this important valley; which, from its peculiar geographical position has had its trade isolated, as it were, from the rest of the state, and its resources directed to the advance- Will, in writing, inform the Secretary, of all the ment of a neighboring metropolis. The inducements branches of knowledge, they suppose themselves qualwhich originally led, and still impel, the business to ified to teach; whether they desire situations in comBaltimore, will, upon the completion of this Rail Road, mon or high schools, or academies, or as private instrucno longer exist. Philadelphia, in a commercial point of tors, and whether as Principals or assistant Teachers, view, will then be nearer than Baltimore, and will, as they should state if they have any preference to any a natural consequence, become in a short time, the de- particular part of the United States as a location; and pot for the trade of Cumberland Valley. Taking this also their former occupation or employment; what view of it, there is not, perhaps at this time, in pro-amount of compensation will be satisfactory; and when, gress, in Pennsylvania, any public avenue more deci- and for how long a period their services can be securdedly a Philadelphia improvement, or one better ed. deserving the encouragement of her capitalists. Al which is respectfully submitted. W. MILNOR ROBERTS. Philadelphia, Oct. 23, 1835. It is an indispensable requisite that they forward testimonials of their moral character as well as of their literary qualifications; which testimonials should be from the best sources in their power, and if practicable, from individuals on whose recommendations entire reliance can be placed. When this, for any cause, shall AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE SUPPLY be impracticable, so far as it respects literary qualifica tions, any person, applying to the Secretary as a candidate for a Teacher's situation, and with ample credentials as to his or her moral character, may be examined by a committee appointed for this purpose; and if qual ified, may receive a certificate from said committee, testifying to such qualifications. Should any applicant, unknown to the Secretary, obtain a situation, he or she will, to avoid needless correspondence, inform the Sec. retary without delay. It is the desire of the Association promptly to forward the interests of every deserving and qualified applicant. Applications for Teachers, Will contain information respecting the sex and qual ifications required; the probable amount of duty to be performed; the salary to be given, the time when the Teacher will be wanted, and the term for which he or she is desired to be engaged. It should be stated also, whether the travelling expenses of the Teacher will be defrayed; and whether as a gratuity, or as payment in part in advance of his or her salary. Should such expenses by agreement be paid wholly or in part, the Secretary, if it will promote the convenience of the parties, will draw, as shall be specified, for the amount so advanced. The American Association for the supply of Teachers, by establishing a general agency in Philadelphia, for the above objects, will be able to pass, to destitute situations in various parts of the Union, a large numi er of accredited Teachers, who, but for the instrumentality of such a society, may remain unemployed or employed in ineligible situations; and also to procure for many schools and private families suitable instructors, |