acteristic good sense, 'for all this we can expect nothing from that quarter.'

"The various Colleges of the University of Oxford gave £163, although Dr. Smith complains in his diary 'that at St. John's and Baliol, Dr. Franklin's friends were very averse.' At the University of Cambridge he collected £166. Liverpool gave £211; Halifax, £52; Birmingham, £127; Bristol, 112; Gloucester and the neighbouring towns, £85. These amounts are made up of small sums, far the larger portion of them not exceeding a guinea each, contributed by several hundred different persons, and the labour attending such a collection can only be estimated by those who have had experience in such undertakings. In this way were gathered for the two Colleges about £2400.

"Every means was resorted to of attracting the attention and securing the donations of charitably disposed persons. Every Sunday, from March to June, 1763, the London pulpits were occupied by the most popular preachers of the day who had been induced by Dr. Smith to preach

in favour of the design, and he himself preached twice every Sunday on the same subject. Nor were other means of a more worldly character neglected. Dr. Smith writes: We are to have a benefit oratorio at Drury Lane, and Mr. Beard leaves his own house to perform for us at the other. Mr. Garrick has been exceedingly kind in the matter. The principal performers, vocal and instrumental, serve gratis, and we are favoured with the boys from the Chapel Royal, and every mark of distinction. Mr. Tyer even put off the opening of Vauxhall, which was fixed for Wednesday night, in order to favour us.'"

DR. SMITH'S labours in taking up this subscription were increased by his unfortunate difference with Franklin. Besides their political quarrel, it is said that Dr. Smith was so imprudent as to have written to the authorities of the University of Oxford, protesting against the conferring of the degree of Doctor of Laws on Franklin. We do not know that Franklin was aware of this; but, if he was, it is not surprising that, although Dr. Smith's instructions from the trustees of the College of Philadelphia directed him to be guided by Franklin's advice on his arrival in England, his reception was far from cordial.

Franklin was about to embark for home, and Dr. Smith wrote that he" either could not or would not do anything more than give me a general introduction to his friends." Dr. Smith soon discovered that Franklin's dislike for him was far stronger than his sympathy with the business which had brought him to England, and heard that he had spoken of the College while in England as a narrow, bigoted institution, put into the hands of the Proprietary party as an engine of government; that the Dissenters had no influence in it ("though God knows," adds Dr. Smith, "all the professors but myself are of that persuasion"), and that it would be readily supported were it not for these things. How much truth there was in these reports it is impossible to say. Dr. Smith believed them, and when his denunciations reached Franklin's ears, the latter wrote: "I do not wonder at the behaviour you mention of Dr. S towards me, for I have long since known him thoroughly. I made that man my enemy by doing him too much kindness. It is the honestest way

of acquiring an enemy. And since it is convenient to have at least one enemy, who, by his readiness to revile one on all occasions, may make one careful of one's conduct, I shall keep him an enemy for that purpose." *

The strength of the College while presided over by Dr. Smith was remarkable. This is not shown by the number of graduates, which, possibly on account of the standard required, was never large, but by that of students who attended the several schools. This number was on several occasions as high as two hundred, independent of the Charity School; and, on account of the non-sectarian character of the institution, these scholars were drawn from the neighbouring colonies.

But this strength was destroyed by that political rancor inseparable from revolutions. Whether Franklin would have made the effort that Dr. Wood thinks he would to save the institution in 1779, is, we think, doubtful, when we remember

* Franklin to Mary Stevenson; March 25, 1763.