Hurd's remark cited supra, p. 37, on the opinion of most of our reforming
and reformed Divines, is illustrated also in Jovian (chap. 10), in which are
produced not only Statutes and Judgments of Convocations, but numerous
authorities both legal and ecclesiastical. Kettlewell, in his Treatise on Chris-
tianity, A Doctrine of the Cross; or, Passive Obedience under any pretended
Invasions of Regal Rights and Liberties (in the second volume of his Works,
fol. Lond. 1719), adduces also the Statutes, and concludes, p. 181: "By all
which I conceive it plainly appears, 1. that the Two Houses sit with the King
in Parliament, and concur in making laws, not as co-ordinate Powers that are
equal to him, but as subordinate under him; not in place of Sovereigns, but of
Subjects under him, their sole Sovereign." The theory of a co-ordinate mo-
narchy had been adopted to justify the war which the two houses were waging
against King Charles I., and is the subject of a short pamphlet, entitled, A
fuller Answer to a Treatise written by Dr. Ferne, entitled, "The Resolving of
Conscience," 1642, 4to., the writer of which, according to Dr. Wordsworth, in
Christian Institutes, vol. iii. p. 14, was Charles Herle, rector of Winwick in
Lancashire, one of the licensers of the press under the two houses, a member of
the Assembly of Divines, &c. &c. The subordination of the Three Estates of
Scotland, Lords temporal and spiritual, and Commons, is zealously advocated
in Abercromby's Martial Atchievements of the Scots Nation, folio, Edinb.
1715. See Index in vol. ii. s.v. Antimonarchical Authors Confuted, (George
Ridpath, &c.)

On the other side Sir Robert Howard, in the History of the Reigns of
Edward and Richard II., Lond. 1690, quotes reformed Divines asserting and
supporting a contrary doctrine, viz. Zuinglius, Calvin, Bucer, Peter Martyr,
Paræus, &c. (as we are frequently reminded by Papal writers, e.g. Brereley or
Anderton, Parsons, Patenson); extracts the original agreement in Magna
Charta, and the opinion of Bracton and Fortescue; and subjoins from
Hooker's Ecclesiastical Polity the rationale of civil governments, according to
which they have only an executive government committed to them by the peo-
ple, in which he was defended by Bishop Hoadley -after Locke the most
formidable adversary of the Patriarchal Scheme of Filmer, vol. ii. pp. 250-86.

31. A new test of the Church of England's loyalty.

pp. 8, 4to Lond. 1687

In the ninth vol. of the Somers Tracts, p. 195.

"Hitherto we have only seen the most decent part of the controversy,
which at this time raged between the King and the Church of England, when
they stood forth on each side in their own characters, and for that reason
were obliged to observe decorum; but in the two following pieces (A New
Test and Some Considerations, &c.) or in the first of them at least, we shall
find that the same temper and decency were not always observed. The Church
of England, it is plain, could not act up to her own professions, and the mo-
ment she hesitated, the king forgot her services. In the expostulations
that followed, the gall of each party overflowed; and, as on the one hand,
the courtiers would not allow the churchmen to be loyal, so, on the other, the
churchmen were resolved not to lose the first opportunity that offered to make
the courtiers eat their words, or, if not, to make them sensible that they had
given them a sufficient provocation to be otherwise." Somers' Tracts, vol. ix.
p. 195.

C. L.

G

C. L. 32. A reply to the new test of the church of England's loyalty.

pp. 8, 4to Lond. 1687

C. L. 33. The new test of the church of England's loyalty examined by the old test of truth and honesty.

pp. 10, 4to 1687 "But however who can endure to hear Papists crying up Moderation, and exclaiming against Sanguinary Laws? For this is for the Kettle to accuse the Pot of Blackness,” p. 5. See the thirteenth chapter of Puller's Moderation of the Church of England, 8vo Lond. 1679. New edition, by the Rev. Robert Eden, M.A., F.S.A., Lond. 1843. Gray's (Bampton Lecture) Sermons on the Principles upon which the Reformation of the Church of England was established. 1796. See Serm. VII. Conf. Mendham's Pius V., pp. 62 et seq.

34. An instance of the church of England's loyalty.

4to 1687

In the ninth vol. of the Somers Tracts: "This is another arrow from the same quiver which afforded the New Test of the Church of England's loyalty. It rips open the history of Mary Queen of Scots, and is obviously the work of some angry catholic." p. 203.

B. M. 35. A reply to the two answers of the new test of the church of England's loyalty. 4to 1687

C. L. 36. Reflections upon the new test and the reply thereto; with a letter of Sir Francis Walsingham's concerning the penal laws made in the reign of Q. Elizabeth. (Sir F. W.'s Letter to Monsieur Critoy concerning the Queen's proceedings against both Papists and Puritans.) pp. 20, 4to 1687

Respecting Queen Elizabeth's "grace towards such as in her wisdom she knew to be Papist in conscience, and not faction and singularity," dilated on in Sir F. Walsingham's Letter, and, on the other hand, "the undutiful and traiterous affection borne against her Majesty by her Roman Catholic subjects," I shall give the testimonies not only of Protestants but of those who are represented as persecuted, in chronological order, because the lenity of the Queen and the Government for the first ten years of her reign is acknowledged by Parsons himself, and in the works of the Secular Priests ut infra; and the institution of a seminary at Douay in 1569, followed by another at

Rome ten years later, which together sent three hundred priests into the English harvest (as Rishton in his Continuation of Sanders de Schism. Angl. relates) with the deposing bull of Pius V. (dated by Sanders February 27, 1569–70; by Catena in his Italian translation of it in his Life of Pius V. February 25, and 5 Kal. Martii 1570 in the Bullarium Magnum) would naturally make some difference in the views and conduct of the English Government. At the same time the books here referred to will be found to contain a "Vindication" of the English Catholics under Queen Elizabeth.

A Bull granted by the Pope to Dr. Harding and others, by reconcilement and assoyling of English Papistes, to undermine Faith and Allegiance to the Quene; with a true Declaration of the Invention and Truthes thereof, and a Warning of Perils thereby imminent not to be neglected. By Thomas Norton. The bull is dated "anno 1567, die Jouis, 14 Aug." This and several similar articles by Norton were printed by John Daye, all without dates. See Watt, s. v. Norton, and the British Librarian, p. 1042 ; also Archæologia, vol. xxxvi. pp.105-19.

A Viewe of a seditious Bul sente into Englande from Pius Quintus, Bishop of Rome, Anno 1569. By John Jewel, Bp. of Salisbury. "Bishop Jewel has left some able and eloquent strictures upon the manifesto of Pius V. in his View of a Seditious Bull, &c. Scarcely any portion is more remarkable for his characteristic excellences than that in which he chastised the low-minded reflexion of the pontiff upon the shelter afforded to the unhappy persons whom he persecuted out of his country, and who, he would be doubly mortified to find, had escaped his fury by finding an asylum in the dominions of the British Queen. And yet it appears from the orders for enquiry by Elizabeth and the Archbishop of Canterbury that great care was taken in this work of exemplary charity to distinguish between those who came into the country for conscience sake and those who came from improper motives." See Wilkins' Concilia, vol. iv. pp. 254-5; The Life and Pontificate of Saint Pius the Fifth, &c., by the Rev. Joseph Mendham M.A., Lond. 1832; Cf. Pantin's Observations on Dr. Arnold's Christian Duty. See also Bishop Barlow's Brutum Fulmen, or the Bull of Pope Pius V., concerning the damnation, excommunication, and deposition of Q. Elizabeth, as also the absolution of her Subjects of their Oath of Allegiance, with a peremptory injunction upon Pain of an Anathema, never to obey any of her Laws or Commands; with some Observations and Animadversions upon it. Whereunto is annex'd the Bull of Pope Paul the Third, containing the damnation &c.

of King Henry the Eighth. "A work," says Mendham, "of great original research and value, and far from being superseded in the present age."

The End and Confession of John Felton, the rank Traytor, who set vp the trayterous Bull on the Bishop of London's Gate, 4to Lond. 1570. See Howell's State Trials, 1085.

Nic. Sanderi de visibili Monarchia Ecclesiæ, Libri viii., Lovanii, 1571, Antw. 1581, Witeburg. 1592. It appears that this work of Father Sanders gave great uneasiness to the Government of Queen Elizabeth, on account of its advocating the deposing power of the Pope, and defending the Bull of Pius V. To counteract his designs, Elizabeth framed her Six Celebrated Questions, which were proposed to all Catholic missionaries, and to which Questions she required explicit and satisfactory answers. Two of these Questions, the third and the fifth, applied to Father Sanders; and the fifth especially relates to this work. See Butler's English Catholics. "In this book Sanders doth avow the bull of Pope Pius V. against Qu. Elizabeth to have been lawful, and affirmeth that by virtue thereof one Dr. Moreton, an old fugitive and conspirator, was sent from Rome into the north parts of England, to stir up the first rebellion there, whereof Charles Nevile, Earl of Westmoreland, was head captain."-Wood, vol. i. col. 471. It is full of scurrilous abuse of England and English affairs. He wrote likewise Pro defensione Excommunicationis a Pio V. late in Angliæ reginam, lib. i. Printed, but afterwards suppressed by the author.

Barthol. Clerke, Fidelis Servi Subdito infideli Responsio, una cum Errorum et Calumniarum quarundam examine quæ continentur in septimo libro de V. M. E. a N. S. conscripta, 4to Lond. 1573. For other works, written in reply to Sanders on the Papal Supremacy, see Walchii Bibl. Theolog. vol. ii. p. 210.

A brief Treatise of diuerse plaine and sure Wayes to find out the Truthe in this doubtful and dangerous time of Heresie. By Richard Bristow D.D. 16mo Antw. 1574. This work, generally entitled Dr. Bristow's Motives, was reprinted Antw. 1599, 8vo; translated into Latin by Dr. Worthington 1608, 4to. The "particular Declaration," mentioned infra, and Butler's Memoirs of the Catholics, give extracts from Bristow and from Sanders de V. M. E. "Whereby it is manifest they do miserably forget themselves, who feare not excommunications of Pius quintus of holy memory, in whome Christ himselfe to have spoken and excommunicated as in St. Paul, they might consider

by the miracles that Christ by him as by St. Paul did worke.". Bristowe, in his Sixth Motive, fol. 31. Oliver Carter, a Fellow of Christ's College in Manchester, "writt a book in answer to Bristowe's Motives."- Hollingworth's History of Manchester.

A treatise of Schism showing that all Catholics ought to abstain from Heretical Conventicles. By Gregory Martin. Duaci 1578.

"Authoris porro ea mens est, eoque refert omnia, partim ut Regiæ Majestati subjectos a parendi studio avocet, eosque tumultuosos et seditiosos efficiat, partim ut ipsa Regina tollatur e vita." Bridgewater's Concert, p. 129. See in reply Lingard's History, vol. vi. p. 693, and Tierney's Dodd, vol. iv. Append. p. ccii. The Declaration of the Fathers of the Councill of Trent concerning the Going unto Churches at such time as Hereticall Service is said, or Heresy preached. Edited, with a Preface, by Eupator [the Rev. Joseph Mendham]. 12mo Lond. 1850.

A Checke or Reproofe of M. Howlet's (Rob. Parsons') untimely Skreeching in her Majesty's Eares; with an Answeare to the Reasons alleaged in a Discourse thereunto annexed, why Catholikes refuse to go to church; wherein (amongst other things) the Papists traiterous and treacherous doctrine and demeanour towards our Soveraigne is some what at large upon occasion unfolded, their develish pretended conscience also examined, 4to Lond. 1581.

See The British Librarian, col. 1045.

A Declaration of the true Causes of the great troubles presupposed to be intended against the Realme of Englande, &c. By Robert Parsons, 1581, 1592.

One of the rarest and most interesting volumes relating to English history ever published. It was looked upon to be so dangerous a piece as to receive an answer from Bacon, under the title, Certain Observations upon a libel printed this present year, 1592.

"From Persons we may prove the necessity of the penal laws enacted under Elizabeth against a priesthood which had then openly made a league with persecution, with treason and with massacre." Southey's Vindicia.

The Execution of Justice in England for maintenaunce of publique and Christian Peace against certeine Stirrers of Sedition and Adherents to the Traitours and Enemies of the Realme without any persecution of them for Questions of Religion, as is falsely reported and published by the Fautors and Fosterers of their Treasons &c. By William Cecil, Lord Burgleigh. 1581.