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chinery, is to be produced by the expansion consequent upon the combustion of vapor of spirits of turpentine, or of other evaporable inflammable liquids, or of gas, or vapor, or gas and vapor combined, obtained from undistilled turpentine, or from rosin, or such other substance as will produce inflammable vapor, carburetted hydrogen, or other inflammable gas, by the aid of atmospheric air, within a cylinder similar to that used in the steam engine. It is well known to engineers, that various attempts have been made to generate power by the combustion of explosive compounds within a cylinder; the expansive force of such compounds, when ignited, being in some cases allowed to act directly upon a piston, whilst, in other cases, the compounds have been exploded for the purpose of obtaining a vacuum, into which the piston might be forced, by pressure induced on the other side of it; but such attempts have not resulted in the production of a machine which could be practically used with advantage."

Claim. "What I claim is the manner in which I have combined and arranged the air-pump, the reservoir, the retort, the air regulator, and the cocks which govern the admission of atmospheric air into the valve box, and their appendages, as described; by which arrangement I am enabled to supply the inflammable gas, or vapor, in regulated proportions, and to produce a pressure within the cylinder slightly exceeding that of the atmosphere, at the moment of opening one of the ignition orifices, which outward pressure is to be immediately succeeded by a draught inwards, this being effected in the manner and for the purpose described. I claim also the manner set forth, of heating the retort, by employing the heated air which escapes through the eduction tubes, so as to render such air effective in converting the combustible fluid employed into vapor."

27. For a combination of matter constituting a Cement, or Pigment, to prevent the oxidation of metals, and as a protection against moisture and fire; Edward Deutsch, France, May 25.

[See Specification. ]

28. For improvements in Weaving Looms; James Nield, Taunton, Bristol county, Massachusetts, May 25.

We are under the necessity of omitting the claims of this patent, as they refer to, and are wholly dependent on, the drawings which are necessarily complex and numerous. If deemed sufficiently important, the specifications and drawings will be given in a future

number.

29. For an improvement in the machine for Cutting Shingles; Jonathan P. Bartley, Flanders, Morris county, New Jersey, May 25. Two or more knives for cutting the shingles are affixed to the periphery of a hollow drum, with a flanch at each end; the shingles, after being separated from the bolt by the knives, pass through slots in

the drum, which constitute the throats of the cutters, and are conducted out of the drum, and clear of the arms by curved guides.

Claim. "What I claim as my invention, and which I desire to secure by letters patent, is the employment of the drum, in combination with the knives, for cutting shingles, and the curved guides for carrying off the shingles; the whole being constructed and arranged substantially as set forth."

30. For an improvement in the Mill Bush; Robert M. Wade, Summit Point, Clark county, Virginia, May 25.

The mill bush is enlarged to receive rings of leather packing, which surround the spindle, and rest on the bottom of the hollow bush; these are held down by a metallic piston forced down upon the packing by a screw cap; the oil chamber, for containing oil, &c., to supply the packing and spindle, is formed by a groove in the upper face of the piston, and a corresponding one in the under face of the cap screw; the former being provided with holes for the discharge of oil at the junction of the packing and spindle, and the latter with holes for pouring in the supply of oil.

Claim. "What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by letters patent, is constructing the mill bush with an annular chamber, for containing the oil, or other lubricating substance, used for oiling the mill spindle, by making corresponding circular grooves in the bottom of the screw cap, and in the top of the piston, which thus answer the two-fold purpose of oil chamber and driver, for keeping the annular rings of leather packing, contained in the cylindrical cup, lubricated, and against the spindle, in the manner and for the purpose set forth."

31. For an improvement in the machine for Mortising and Tenoning Timber; Elbridge Lyman, Northfield, Franklin county, Massachusetts, May 25.

The chisel for mortising is attached to one end of what is called, in the specification, a head piece, attached by adjusting screws to the upper end of the slide usually employed in mortising machines for holding and carrying the chisels, and the two chisels for cutting tenons, to the other end of the said head, so that by simply reversing the head the machine can be employed for either purpose without the necessity of taking off one, and substituting another, set of chisels. Claim. "I claim arranging the two sets of chisels (tenoning and mortising) upon one movable and reversable head, instead of disposing them upon separate heads, in the usual manner."

32. For an improved mode of Drafting, to cut garments; Henry Isham, Montpelier, Washington county, Vermont, May 30.

This method consists of three measures, variously formed and applied to different parts of the body, with measuring tapes attached to them; but the form and general character of these could not be made

clear without drawings of them, as applied to the body, which would carry us beyond the limits of this work.

Claim. "What I claim is the combination of the three described measures for the purpose described; and also the first and third measures described for the use and purpose described."

33. For an improvement on the Scraper, for making and repairing roads; Samuel G. Sutton, Yorkshire, Cattaraugus county, New York, May 30.

This scraper consists of a triangular frame composed of two side pieces hinged together at one end, and connected together at the other, by a clamp brace, that it may be made wider, or narrower, at pleasure. The lower edges of the side pieces are armed with iron. The team can be attached to staples on either side of the end hinge, as occasion may require the earth to be removed to one side, or the other, and when the earth is to be moved forward the team is to be attached to the wide end. There is a piece, called the gate, hinged to the back end of either of the side pieces at pleasure, and provided with a handle to enable the operator to change its position, as may be required."

Claim "What I claim is making the two sides of the scraper with a hinged joint at one end, and a clamp brace at the other, that the two sides may be separated, or brought nearer together, for the purpose and in the manner described. I also claim the gate, in combination with the scraper, for the purpose and in the manner described."

34. For a process for obtaining Malleable Iron directly from the Ore, by treating the same in a puddling furnace; Simeon Broadmeadow, New York City, May 30.

Claim. "What I claim as new, is the effecting of such reduction, (the reduction of the ore into malleable iron,) by mixing, in due proportion, the ores known as oxides, and as carburets of iron, (without the necessary admixture of fluxes, or carbonaceous matter,) and exposing them to a proper temperature, for fusing the same, in a furnace, so constructed that the flame shall not reverberate upon the mass, but shall pass over it in contact, or nearly in contact, therewith."

35. For an improvement in Propelling Steam-Ships, and other vessels; Peter Von Schmidt, Washington, District of Columbia, May 30.

A wheel having naves in manner similar to a rotary fan blower, and a top and bottom plate attached to and moving with them, and extending from the ends of the naves to within such a distance of the shaft as to admit water to enter, is placed and works within a case in a recess in the vessel below the water line, and provided with tangent pipes leading and extending to the stern, bow, and sides of the ves

sel; these pipes are provided with shutters which can be closed and opened at pleasure. The rotation of this wheel produces a current of water, by centrifugal action, in, through the hollow centre, and out, through the tangent pipes of the case, so that by closing any of the pipes the vessel will be impelled in any desired direction.

Claim. "What I claim as my invention, is the employment of a wheel enclosed in a case, as described, having tangent pipes leading forward, back, and out at the sides of the vessel, in the manner and for the purpose set forth, the whole being submerged in a recess in the vessel, and acting in any direction at the will of the engineer, without reversing the motion of the wheel, or in any way checking the engine by means of shutters, or gates, arranged as described."

36. For an improvement in the Hemp Cradle, for cutting Hemp; Griffin Reynolds, Jr., Washington, Mason county, Kentucky, May 30.

In this cradle there is a brace which extends from the end of the knife, or blade, along the ends of the fingers, (and attached to them) up to the top, and there bent over to form the upper finger. Instead of the finger board, used in Laramore's cradle, which runs up for some distance from the top of the knife, or blade, there is a round finger some inches above the blade, and connected with and braced to it by round screw studs, to prevent springing and clogging.

Claim. The said Griffin Reynolds, jr., claims, as his improvement on the Laramore cradle, the combination of the knife, constructed as described, with the front brace and space between the first finger and the knife."

37. For an improvement in machinery for Dyeing, Sizing, or Impregnating, Woolen, Cotton, or other Yarn; William A. Burke, Manchester, Hillsborough county, New Hampshire, May 30.

Claim. "I claim the method by which I am enabled to effect the passage of the yarn from one set of squeeze rollers to the other, throughout the series thereof, without its receiving, during the same, more tension than is necessary to operate the stop motion; the same consisting in arranging and actuating each set of squeeze rollers, so that the yarn shall be passed by and between its rollers at a slower rate, or speed, than it does through the set immediately preceding, and applying a stop motion to the yarn, and each set of squeeze rollers, in the manner set forth; so that the slackening of the said yarn, between each two sets of squeeze rollers, shall throw the machinery, by which one set of said rollers is revolved, out of action, until the succeeding set is enabled to take up the surplus yarn; also the method by which the yarn (or coils thereof,) is protected from entanglement and friction, while passing and being wound several times around the various squeeze and dipping, or other, rollers, and steam cylinders of the mechanism, viz., by arranging the said rollers and cylinders in the angular positions, with respect to the general course of the yarn through the machine, or with respect to the frame

work of the machine, as described; the whole mechanism being constructed and operating substantially as described."

It is only necessary to add that there are improvements in the kind of machinery used for this purpose in which the yarn is dipped into a succession of vats, passing from one set of rollers into a vat, from this up to a set of squeezing rollers, thence into another vat, and

so on.

38. For an improvement in the machine for Drilling Iron, or Boring Wood; Amos Morgan, Wooster, Wayne county, Ohio, May 30. The drill mandrel is driven by a cog-wheel on a shaft below, taking into a pinion on it; and the drill is fed forward by a nut on the screw of the mandrel-this nut is on a hand-wheel, and on one side of the hand-wheel there is a cog-wheel for the purpose of running back the drill, by means of a cog-wheel on the driving-shaft below it, and on the other side a face ratchet connected with a lever, which is actuated by an adjustable cam on the driving shaft. There is a piece jointed to the lever in such manner, that when the pall is in place it forces it against the ratchet, and, when thrown back, holds it from the ratchet.

Claim. What I claim is the screw and mandrel, constructed and combined in the manner described, in combination with, and driven and fed up to the work by means of a driving-shaft and spur-wheels, and adjustable cams thereon; the said cams driving the screw by means of the lever, pall, and ratchet, the shaft being moved in a lateral direction by the pinion on said mandrel; the whole being constructed, combined, and arranged in the manner and for the purpose described. I also claim the piece (for holding the pall,) in combination with the lever and pall for holding the pall to or from the ratchet wheel, as set forth."

Specification of Letters Patent granted to EDWARD DEUTSCH, of Harre, France, for a composition of matter constituting a Cement, or Pigment, to prevent the Oxidation of Metals, and to be used as a protection against moisture and fire; on the 25th of May, 1844.

Be it known, that I, Edward Deutsch, of the Kingdom of France, residing in the city and port of Havre, have invented a new composition of matter, and improvement in the preparation and combination of materials not known, or used, by others before my discovery thereof, and not, as I believe, now in use, or for sale, in these United States certainly not with my consent, or allowance-yielding a production which will be found of general utility in its various modes of combination; among others, as a cement, or pigment, supplying the means of preventing the oxidation and deterioration of metallic substances, and of precluding the infiltration, or percolation, of fluids, and the absorption of dampness, or moisture, preserving from the VOL IX, 3RD SERIES-No. 1.—January, 1845.

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