are packed in, and the bottom, which is to be elevated a few inches from the floor, is composed of strips at right angles, one range above the other to form air passages. In packing the potatoes in sand, tubes, for the admission of air, are introduced here and there along the height of the pile.

Claim. "What I claim is the box for keeping sweet potatoes, said box being constructed with ventilated sides and air tubes, the arrangement and construction of which is substantially as described."

22. For an improvement in the Cultivator; William Dyzert, Gettysburg, Adams county, Pennsylvania, August 16.

This cultivator is for the working of corn, and consists in connecting two cultivators together, by means of two curved, or arch, pieces, to leave a space between the two of sufficient height to pass over the corn, and thus work it on both sides at the same time. The tongue to which the team is to be harnessed is attached to the upper part of the curved braces, or arch pieces.

Claim. "What I claim is the curved iron braces which connect the two sides together, in combination with said sides and the tongue, constructed for the purpose, and arranged in the manner described."

28. For a machine for Turning Spools, or Bobbins; Jonathan H. Cary, North New Salem, Franklin county, Massachusetts, August

21.

The piece of timber from which the spools are to be formed, is put into a hollow mandrel of considerable length, by which it is rotated. A sliding borer is applied in front for boring the hole, and at the same time a set of tools, attached to a sliding stock, are brought up, which turn the outer surface, and reduce the body, or that part which receives the thread, or yarn, and at the same time a circular saw, which is hung to the upper end of a vibrating beam, cuts it off from the stick. The movements of these various instruments are so regulated as not to interfere with one another.

Claim. "I shall claim the machinery for sustaining the stick, and giving to it a cylindrical form, in combination with that for reducing the cylindric of the stick, so as to form the body (of the spool, or bobbin,) or part on which the thread is wound, with that for cutting off sections, or parts, of the stick of the length to form spools, or bobbins, and with that for drilling, or boring, the hole through the axis of the stick, or spools, the whole arranged and operating substantially as set forth."

24. For improvements in Flouring Mills; John Ansell, and James Gallery, Brooklyn, Kings county, New York, August 21. The patentees make the following claim, viz:—

Claim. "We claim as new, and of our own invention and discovery, and desire to secure by letters patent, the mode described of dressing the stones with the curved furrows, having the circle cut in

the reverse direction from those hitherto used, such furrows being widest and deepest near the eye, and the furrows of the runner being hollowing, or fluted, from the front, or feather edge, to the back, while those of the bed stone are cut in an angular form from the front to the back, in combination with the mode described of forming the eye of the runner conical, or bell-mouthed, below the upper part of the bail, when such mode of dressing and combination are employed with stones made and driven as described, and applied to any description of stones in which they may be equally available. Secondly, we claim, in like manner, the mode described of applying the action of a governor, similar to that used with the steam engine, to operate through the lever 1, rod m, and cross lever n, to act on the runner, and feed when any variation occurs in the speed through any action of the lever o, slide 5, and rod 6, to raise, or lower, the shoe p, on its joint substantially as described."

To explain the references in the claim, we will remark that the slide of the governor is embraced by a fork on the end of the lever 1, which has its fulcrum at the other end—at about one-third of its length from the fork it is jointed by a link to one end of a lever o, the other end of which is jointed to a rod 5, working in a slide, to which the shoe is jointed by a link 6.

25. For an improvement in the Key for fastening the Rails of railroads to their Chairs; Benjamin Butterfield, Kensington, Philadelphia county, Pennsylvania, August 21.

This key is a dove-tail wedge with the thin end turned over to form a spring catch, which will close in driving the key in to fasten the rail to the chair, and after the spring has been driven beyond the side of the chair it flies out and forms a catch, to prevent the key from working out by the constant jar.

Claim. "What I claim as my invention is the dove-tailed wedge, in combination with the spring hold-fast at one end of the wedge, to prevent its receding, or working out of the chair, and thus permanently securing the rails at their junction in the chair."

26. For an improvement in the Washing Machine; David Kauffman, Mohecanville, Wayne county, Ohio, August 21.

This machine consists of a double series of rollers, arranged in two concentric circles, with sufficient space between the two series for the passage of the clothes to be washed, which are attached to, and carried around by a rod attached at each end to a wheel, the two wheels being rotated by appropriate cog-wheels. The gudgeons of the outer series of rollers slide in grooves so inclined as to cause them, by their weight, to press the clothes between the two series.

Claim. "What I claim is arranging the double series of rollers in a circle in the manner described, and combining there with the rod, or other suitable carrier, for taking the clothes round between the rollers in the manner and for the purpose specified."

27. For an improvement in the Churn; Thomas Ling, Portland, Cumberland county, Maine, August 21.

Within the cylindrical barrel of the churn there is another smaller cylinder of less height, and within the latter is a shaft which passes through the top to receive a crank handle, and from which a broad threaded screw, or other similar device, projects for the purpose of working the cream; holes are made near the bottom of the inner cylinder, and the upper end has a flanch inclining outwards.

The rotation of the screw produces a current of the cream through the holes at the bottom up the small cylinder, and down between the small and large cylinders-the butter, when forming, floating on the surface of the cream above the small cylinder.

Claim. "What I claim is the combination of the large cylinder, the small cylinder with its perforations and flanch, and an apparatus for withdrawing the cream from the large cylinder, raising it in the small cylinder, and discharging it again into the larger one, not, however, confining myself to the screw for that purpose, but substituting any other contrivance by which the same result can be attained.”

28. For improvements in the machine for Sawing Laths and Clapboards; E. C. Gilman, Canaan, Grafton county, New Hampshire, August 23.

1

This patent is granted for two improvements on the machines generally used for this purpose, which consist of a circular saw and reciprocating carriage that carries the block of wood. The first improvement claimed is for an arrangement of parts for shifting the clutch from the cog-wheels that run the carriage up, to the band wheels by which it is run back. This consists of a sliding bar, operated by a pin, or projection, at each end of the carriage; the outer end of the bar is provided with two projections that embrace the end of a lever, and two springs attached to it, there being sufficient play between these projections for the end of the lever, which is to be cast from one side to the other alternately by the springs. A projection from the side of the lever fits alternately into two notches in the frame, and the bar, towards each projection, has an inclined piece which forces the lever out of these notches. The lower end of this lever is connected with the clutch, and the whole operates in the following manner:-Lowers the end of the forward motion of the carriage, the bar is drawn forward by it, and one of the projections draws up the spring which bears against it--at the same time the inclined piece disengages the lever from the notch, which leaves it free to be forced forward by the spring that has been drawn up-this shifts the clutch from the cog-wheel to the backing belt wheel by which the carriage is run back, and towards the end of this motion the same thing takes place to disengage the lever, and shift the clutch.

And the second improvement is for raising and dropping the back of the carriage to give the required bevel to the clapboard; the back rail on which the carriage runs, rests on three levers, the lower ends of which are connected together by a rod, and as this is drawn to one VOL IX, 3RD SERIES-No. 4.-APRIL, 1845.

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side, or the other, the rail with the carriage on it is lifted, or let down. The shifting of the rod is effected by what is called a "set, or pointer," in the specification, so jointed to the under side of the carriage as to be moved by a wedge, which is shifted from one side to the other by the end of two levers that operate the rod by which the rail and carriage are lifted, &c.; as the carriage moves back, the set, or pointer, comes against the side of a wedge, which conducts it against one of the shifting levers-this lifts the rail and carriage at the end of the back motion, and at the same time shifts the wedge; and on the return of the carriage, the set, or pointer, passes over the top of the wedge, and when the carriage moves back again, the set, or pointer, is guided by the wedge to the other side, where the other lever is located, and by means of which the rail and carriage are let down. The butt end of the wedge is so formed that the motion of the levers shifts it.

Claim. "I claim as my invention the combination of mechanism which acts in such manner as to connect the dog (clutch) alternately with the gear and the pulley, as described; and also claim as my invention, the combination of mechanism for elevating the side of the carriage, next the attendant, in such manner as to secure the proper degree of bevel for the stuff to be sawed, the same being effected by means of the three levers suspended by hinges, and the two upright antagonist levers (shifting levers,) and the connexion between them, and also the combination between these and the horizontal lever, (connecting rod) as described."

29. For improvements in the Printing Press; Alonzo Gilman, Troy, Renssalaer county, New York, August 23.

This is for improvements in the vertical press used for printing cards; the first is for hanging the inking rollers to a working frame in such manner as to adapt them to the curvature of the cylinder that gives the ink, and to the face of the types. The rollers are hung in a working frame, the lower end of which is jointed to arms projecting from a rocking shaft operated by the same cam that works the toggle of the press. And the second is for adding to this kind of press a frisket for adapting it to the printing of sheets of paper instead of cards; this frisket is jointed to a sliding frame worked by a lever turning on the rocking shaft that operates the inking rollers, and it is closed by rollers that bear against its edges as it descends between the bed and platen of the press.

Claim. "What I claim is the hanging the inking rollers in the manner above described, in the working frame provided for them, by means of which they are made conformable to the curve of the cylinder, and the face of the types, and so as to be adjustable thereto at discretion. I also claim the combination of a frisket with the said machine in the manner and for the purposes above described."

30. For a machine for forming the Knuckles of Butt Hinges that

are manufactured of rolled iron, or other malleable metal; Cyrus Kenney, Troy, New York, August 23.

In this machine the knuckles of hinges are bent by two operations, the first of which gives them a semi-cylindrical form by means of two permanent dies placed at a distance apart from each other equal to the diameter of the semi-cylinder to be formed. The back one of these two dies has a flanch, or shoulder, against which the piece to be bent is pushed by the attendant, to gauge the bend. The metal is forced in between these dies, and bent by means of a third die attached to the end of a lever by which it is operated. The piece thus bent is then put into the other part of the machine, to undergo the second operation. It is laid on a bed die in the form of a rebate, with the back part of the hinge plate against a gauge plate, or die, and the turned edge resting on the lower part of the die; it is then acted upon by two other dies attached to, and moving with, a lever turning on a pin below, and actuated by a crank and connecting rod behind. By this arrangement one of the dies bears lightly on that part of the hinge plate which is uppermost, and the other is forced up against the bent part, and curls up the metal into a cylindrical form.

In the claim, the two permanent dies of the first operation are designated by the letters b and c, and the movable die by the letter 1; and in the second operation the bed die is designated by the letter e, the gauge by the letter f, the movable die that bears on the top by the letter h, and the other by the letter i.

Claim. "Having thus fully described the nature of my machine for bending the projecting pieces on the flaps of butt hinges, so as to form them into knuckles, and having also shown the manner in which the same operates, what I claim as new therein, and desire to secure by letters patent, is the so combining and arranging its parts in the manner set forth, as that the pieces to be bent shall first have one-half of the intended curvature given to them by dies, formed and actuated in the manner of those designated by I b c, and shall subsequently have the bending completed by means of a die, check piece, bed and gauge piece, such as are shown at i ha and f; the respective parts of the whole machine being arranged and actuated substantially as made known."

31. For an improvement in Scoop Excavators, for removing mud from the bottoms of rivers, canals, &c.; Joseph Smith, Mansfield, Richland county, Ohio, August 24.

The sides, or ends, of this scoop are curved in the form of a sickle, and made sharp for the purpose of cutting roots, &c., and are provided each with a gudgeon which works in a frame, by which the whole is dragged. The bottom of the scoop is perforated to permit the water to pass through, and from the back two curved runners project, on which the scoop runs after it has been filled and turned sufficiently to hold the mud, &c. On the frame there are two lever catches that fit in holes in the sides of the scoop, for the purpose of retaining it in any desired position relatively to the frame; these two lever catches