Saron Chronicle red, Maleel, Cainon, Enos, Seth, Adam, primus homo et pater noster, id est Christus. Amen. CHARTERS IN 849. 1. ALHHUN bishop of Worcester. Kemble's Codex, vol. II, p. 33. 2. BERTWOLF, king of Mercia, Ib. p. 34. Asser who was the son of Methusalem, who was the sonof Enoch, who was the son of Malaleel, who was the son of Cainan, who was the son of Enos, who was the son of Seth, who was the son of Adam. The mother of Alfred was named Osburgh, a religious woman, noble both by birth and by nature; she was daughter of Oslac, the famous butler of king Ethelwulf, which Oslac was a Goth by nation, descended from the Goths and Jutes, of the seed, namely, of Stuf and Wihtzur, two brothers and counts; who, having received possession of the Isle of Wight from their uncle, king Cerdic, and his son Cynric their cousin, slew the few British inhabitants whom they could find in that island, at a place called Gwihtgaraburhg; for the other inhabitants of the island had either been slain before, or escaped into exile. In the year of our Lord's incarnation 851, which was the third after the birth of king Alfred, Ceorl, earl of Devon, with the men of Devon fought against the pagans at a place called Wicgambeorg; and the Christians gained the victory. And that same year the pagans first wintered in the island called Sheppey, which means the Sheep-isle, and is situated in the river Thames between Essex and Kent, but is nearer to Kent than to Essex; it has in it a fine monastery [MINSTER]. When seven years, then, had passed, Ceorl earl of Devon engages in battle against the pagans at a place called Uuiganbeorge; and they slay many of the Danes, and keep possession of the place of victory. 2 But in the course of that first year the barbarians wintered in the island of Thanet, which lies not far from Britain, and has fruitful but not large cornfields. salem, who was the son of Enoch, who was the son of Jared, who was the son of Malaliel, who was the son of Cainan, who was the son of Enos, who was the son of Seth, who was the son of Adam. The mother of Alfred was named Osburga, a religious woman, noble both by birth and by nature; she was daughter of Oslac, the famous butler of king Ætheluulf, which Oslac was a Goth by nation, descended from the Goths and Jutes, of the seed, namely, of Stuf and Wihtgar, two brothers and counts, who, having received possession of the Isle of Wight from their uncle, king Cerdic, and his son Cynric their cousin, slew the few British inhabitants whom they could find in that island, at a place called Wihtgarabirig; for the other inhabitants of the island had either been slain before, or escaped into exile. 850. On the calends of June [June 1], the eve of Whitsun day, Berhtferth, son of Berhtulf king of the Mercians, unjustly slew his relation St Wistan. Now this man was the grandson of two Mercian kings: for his father Wigmund was son of king Wiglaf, but his mother Elfleda was daughter of king Ceoluulf. But his body, being borne to the monastery at that time so famous, named Reopedun [REPTON], was buried in the mausoleum of his grandfather king Wiglaf. To his martyrdom heavenly miracles were not wanting for from the place in which the innocent youth was slain, a column of light, stretching up to heaven, was visible for 30 days to all the neighbours of that place. 851. Ceorl earl of Devon, with the men of Devon, fought against the pagans at a place called Wicganbeorh; and the Christians gained the vic tory. And that same year the pagans first wintered in the island called Sheppey, which means the Sheep-isle, and is situated on the river Thames between Essex and Kent, but is nearer to Kent than to Essex; it has in it a fine monastery. 5 The consui also named Ceorl, with the people of Devonshire, fought against the pagans, and slew many, and was victorious at Wien orne. 7 This year the army of the pagans first stopped through the whole winter in this country. Simeon lem, who was the son of Enoch, who was the son of Malaleel, who was the son of Canaan, who was the son of Enos, who was the son of Seth, who was the son of Adam the first man. But the mother of king Elfred was called Osburg; she was a very religious woman and noble in disposition, which nobility she adorned with prudence of mind. Her father also was called Oslac; he was the devoted and faithful butler of king Ethelwlf. For he was sprung from the Goths and the Jutes, of the seed of Stuph and Wihtgar, two brothers. Having premised these things, let us now, as far as we can, pursue the course of the work, which we have undertaken. In the year of our Lord's incarnation 851 and the third from the birth of Alfred, earl Ceorl fought against the Danes, and the Christians gained the victory over their enemies. The Danes also wintered in the island which is called Sheppey, i. e. Sheep-island. Saron Chronicle 3 And the same year came three hundred and fifty ships to Thames-mouth, and the crews landed and broke into Canterbury and London, and put to flight Beorhtwulf king of the Mercians with his army. NIA, i. e. DOVER, in the earlier part of the Saxon History. Asser The same year also a great § Canterbury was called DORUBER- belongs in truth to Essex; and they put to flight Beorhtulf, king of Mercia, with all the army, which he had led out to oppose them. 4 And then went south over the Thames into Surrey; and there king Ethelwulf and his son Æthelbald, with the army of the West-Saxons, fought against them at Aclea [OCKLEY], and there made the greatest slaughter among the heathen army that we have heard tell of unto the present day, and there got the victory. been written before the terrible battles which Alfred afterwards fought against the Danes at Ash down, and Eddington. After these things, the same Surrey, which is This must, apparently, have battle, which was fought with CHARTERS IN 851. 1. BERTWOLF 36. 2. Another of BERTWOLF, II, king of Mercia, Friday, March 27. II, 45. 4 After the battle they returned beyond the river Thames towards the south, through the province of Surrey, and there king Athulf with the Western Angles met them: an immense number was slain on both sides, nor have we ever heard of a more severe battle before that day: these things happened near Aclea Wood. ANNALS. 851. The Normans enter the Seine. INGULF states that there was a severe disease in 851, prevalent over all England, which withered the limbs of men, women, and children, and was similar to the palsy. The Annals have " Athelstan son of King Adhelwlf." He was king of the eastern subject kingdom of Kent, Essex, and Sussex. Some call him brother of Ethelwolf. 1 And the same year king Æthelstan and alderman Ealchere fought on shipboard, and cut off a large army at Sandwich in Kent, and took nine ships, and put the others to flight. In the same year king Ethel large army of the pagans in After these things, the same army of pagans went into Surrey, which is a district situated on the south bank of the river Thames, and to the west of Kent. And Etheluulf, king of the West-Saxons, and his son Æthelbald, with all their army, fought a long time against them at a place called Ac-lea, i. e. the Oak-plain, and there, after a fierce battle, which was fought with much bravery on both sides, the greater part of the pagan multitude was destroyed and cut to pieces, so that we never heard of their being so slaughtered, either before or since, in any country, in one day; and the Christians gained an honourable victory, and were triumphant over the place of death. In the same year king Ethel stan and earl Ealhere slew a large army of the pagans in Kent, at a place called Sandwich, and took nine ships of 3 And enter ing Surrey, they met the a Simeon In the same year a great army of pagans came with 350 ships into the mouth of the river Thames. Who laid waste Dorobernia,i.e. the city of the Kentish men, and put to flight Berhtulf king of the Mercians with all his army, who had come to do battle against them. After this the Danes became more bold, and all their army was drawn together in Surrey. Which the warlike Ethelwlf king of the Saxons hearing, both he and his son Ethelbald with him collected a large army in a place which is called Aclea, that is, in the field of the oak. And when the pride of the English nation shone with glancing arms, the English fought a very long time with the Danes; bravely striving against them, because they saw that their king fought fiercely, therefore they became braver than their enemies in war. And when they had manfully striven for a very long time, and both sides fought with much sharpness and spirit, the greatest part of the Pagan throng was thoroughly cut off and slain, so that never in any land, in one day, before or after, did so many fall. The Christians however on that same day honourably INCARNATIONIS 852 to this para gained the victory and were men fall on both sides like a * Simeon prefixes ANNO DOMINICE graph, but the other chroniclers are 4 against him. The same year Edelstan, king of Kent, and duke Ealhere, fought a naval battle against the Danes at Sandwich, and having made a great slaughter of the enemy, masters of the field of death, giving thanks to the Lord in hymns and confessions. * King Ethel- AT SANDWICH: a customary Saxon Chronicle Asser Ethelwerd 851 A. 852. Here at this time Ceolred abbat of Medesham * This local notice of MEDESHAMSTEAD, i. e. PETERBOROUGH, occurs in only one MS. of the Saxon Chroa monk of that abbey. stede and the monks let to Wulfred the land of Sempingaham, on this condition, that after his decease the land should return to the minster, and that Wulfred should give nicle, which was probably written by the land of Sliowaford [SLEAFORD] to Medeshamstede, and each year should deliver into the minster sixty fother of wood, and twelve fother of coal, and six fother of faggots, and two tuns full of pure ale, and two beasts fit for slaughter, and six hundred loaves, and ten measures of Welsh ale, and each year a horse, and thirty shillings, and one day's entertainment. At this agreement were present king Burhred, and archbishop Ceolred, and bishop Tunberht, and bishop Cenred and bishop Alhhun, and bishop Berhtred, and abbat Wihtred, and abbat Werhtherd, and alderman Æthelheard and alderman Hunberht, and many others. In the year of our Lord's So without 4 In the same year also, after vill of Chippenham. CHARTERS IN 852. 1. CEOLRED abbat of Peterborough, subscribed by BURGRED king of Mercia &c. II, 46. This Charter is partly the same as the extract from the Saxon Chronicle under this year. 2. BERTWOLF king of Mercia, II, 47. After three years king Burhred asked assistance from king Etheluulf to subdue the Northern Britons. He granted it, and having collected his army, passed through the Mercian kingdom to go against the Britons: whom he subdued and made tributary. 3 The same year also after Easter king Athulf gave his daughter in marriage to king Burhrede. |