Another species the Spiny Lobster (Fig. 42), attains even larger dimensions, being occasionally taken of eighteen or twenty inches in length, and weighing so much as twelve or fifteen pounds. It frequents deep water, and only approaches the shores in spring, for the purpose of laying its eggs. The Cray-fish (Fig. 43), which is an inhabitant of rivers, the Sand-hopper (Fig. 44), which frequents the moist margin of the Sea-beach, and the little Cyclops (Fig. 45), which lives in ponds and ditches in our fields, furnish examples of the variety of situation in which the Crustacea are to be found. Another tribe which has not yet been mentioned is to be sought for in the skin, the eyes, and the gills of fishes, and other marine animals. These creatures, like the Entozoa, are parasites; but because they are not found in but upon other animals, they are spoken of by some naturalists under the name Epizoa (Fig. 46). (MAGNIFIED). All of those yet enumerated are aquatic; but the land-crabs of the Antilles and of India furnish us with examples of species very different in both structure and habits. "All the grass Fig. 46.-LERNEA through the Deccan," says Bp. Heber, "usually swarms with a small land-crab, which burrows in the ground, and runs with considerable swiftness, even when encumbered with a bundle of food almost as big as itself; this food is grass, or the green stalks of rice, and it is amusing to see the crabs sitting, as it were, upright, to cut their hay with their sharp pincers, then waddling off with their sheaf to their holes as quickly as their sidelong pace will carry them." Col. Sykes states that another species is abundant along the Ghats in India, and also on the most elevated table-lands, intruding themselves into the tents, and even invading such beds as are placed on the ground. In one place, at an elevation of 3,900 feet above the level of the sea, their burrows render it unsafe to ride over many parts of the mountain. CLASS V.-INSECTS. INSECTA. "The insect youth are on the wing, THE word insect is derived from a Latin term signifying cut or notched, the body being deeply cut into segments. In the lower tribes the segments of the body are numerous (Fig. 47), and in some cases so many as sixty or eighty pairs of legs may be counted on one individual. In the true insects, on the contrary, the body consists of three portions,* and the legs are six in number (Fig. 48, 49). They breathe by means of small orifices placed along the sides, and communicating with tubes which divide into innumerable branches, and convey the air to every part of the body. With regard to the external senses, it is generally allowed that Insects possess those of touch, taste, and smell. That of hearing was formerly SCOLOPENDRA. denied to them, even by distinguished naturalists. Fig. 47. * These are the head, the thorax or chest, and the abdomen. Shakspeare entertained a different and more correct opinion, when he used the words, "I will tell it softly; Yon crickets shall not hear me." He On this point the observations of Brunelli, an Italian naturalist, are quite conclusive. Several of the field-crickets which he kept in a chamber continued their crinking song through the whole day; but the moment they heard a knock at the door they were silent. subsequently invented a method of imitating their sounds, and when he did so outside the door, at first a few would venture on a soft whisper, and by-and-by the whole party burst out in a chorus to answer him; but upon repeating the rap at the door, they instantly stopped again as if alarmed. He likewise confined a male in one side of his garden, while he put a female in the other at liberty, which began to leap so soon as Fig. 48.-ICHNEUMON. Fig. 49.-CALOSOMA. she heard the crink of the male, and immediately came |