Mr. Ridgway, of Ridgemont, removed it many years ago, when he had sporting rights rented in that township, and I believe an old road surveyor broke up a cross in Anglezark to repair his roads early in this century; his name was Gerrard. Crosses seem to have been specially erected to warn people of dangerous moors they were about to cross, and as a call to prayer in this part of the country, where they were frequent.

Baines tells us that in the year 1288, Hugh de Adlington and Adam de Duxbury held moieties of the Manor of Adlington. Thomas Aughton, of Adlington, married a daughter of Charnock, of Adlington. Heath Charnock is mentioned in this connection. The subjoined deed is printed in the Chartulary of Cockersand Abbey, circa 1184–1190:

Grant in frankalmoign from Ranulf Gogard and his heirs to God [and the canons of Cockersand] for the health of the souls of his mother and his wife Edith, of all the land from Fulford to the path which crosses Rascahay Brook, between Heath Charnock and Adlington, as it was marked out by the crosses and marks of the said canons; with common right of Charnock, in wood and plain, feeding grounds and mast and in all other liberties.

CHORLEY.

CHORLEY MARKET CROSS stood in the open space known as Town's Green or S. Thomas's Square, which formed the market place until the year 1826. The earliest record of this cross which I have at present discovered dates from the Cromwellian period, when all things in England were in a state of change and transition. For it is recorded in the parish church registers that Richard Standish and Charles Robinson, esquires, magistrates, published the banns of marriage at the market cross in the year 1653. Whether this cross was the original one of Gothic design or had been rebuilt in a later style of architecture I cannot yet find out. But the cross and steps were removed unnecessarily during the year 1874, when the new town hall was built. The steps were

broken up for macadam by the builders, but a portion of the shaft was secured, and is now in the grounds of Mr. Whittle, Yarrow House, Chorley. This shaft (circular on plan) corresponds with the description given in Baines's Lancashire, "The present erection consists of a plain column rising from a flight of steps." Markets were held here in the reign of Edward IV., and probably much earlier.

CHORLEY CHURCHYARD CROSS.-The small cross in the rectory grounds, on the summit of a stone arch, is supposed to be a portion of the Churchyard Cross, but nothing is known with certainty about it.

GORSE HALL CROSS.--The pedestal of a stone cross is shown by the roadside, one and three-quarter miles north-east by north from Chorley Church, close to Gorse Hall.

EUXTON.

EUXTON CROSs.-The pedestal of a stone cross is still to be seen a little to the south of Euxton Church, on the old Roman road from Preston through Standish and Wigan. The site is two miles north-west by west from Chorley Church. The cross itself has been broken off flush with the top of the pedestal, thus leaving no hole for the usual "holy water." The pedestal measures two feet across the base and is eighteen inches high. This cross may have been placed in its present position at the top of a steep hill as the last resting place for funeral processions before reaching Euxton Church.

THE BOLTON GREEN CROSS.-This cross stood at the meeting of roads at Bolton Green, about three-quarters

of a mile south from Euxton Church.

Close to it occur

the words "Cross Houses." It stood three-quarters of a mile north-east by east from Charnock Old Hall.

LEYLAND.

THE LEYLAND VILLAGE CROSS.-This cross stands in an open space in the middle of the village at the meeting of Church Road with Town Gate, about one hundred yards to the west of the ancient parish church dedicated to S. Andrew. The flight of three steps and about five feet in height of the stem of the cross are ancient. The base moulding points to the perpendicular period as the date of erection.

In the jubilee year (1887) some hideous lamps placed by the local board on the top of the cross were removed and the cross itself was carefully restored. The late Miss ffarington and the vicar, the Rev. T. Rigbye Baldwin, were the chief contributors to the cost of these improvements, which were carried out from the designs of Charles Deacon, Esq., architect, of Liverpool. The total height of the present erection from the road level is about thirteen feet. The old well and pump were at that time done away with, and a fountain of good design placed in its stead on the south side of the cross.

The Rev. W. S. White sends me the following note about the Leyland village or market cross:—

This stands very nearly in the centre of the Hundred of Leyland Hence, it appears to me, more than likely that it indicates a very ancient place of common concourse. Here the hundred mote, the folkmote, the military and civil assemblies of later times (most likely) were held. The wapentake, the gathering of the sheriff's bands, or the meeting of armed men, would naturally take place here. The presence of an ancient well in immediate proximity to it is according to precedent. [There is now an ornamental fountain supplied by the Waterworks Company, but there was before 1887 a very old pump on the site, hence I conjecture a spring