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484

THE LOSS OF NORMANDY

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INDEX TO THE FIEFS DISCUSSED IN THIS APPENDIX.

Fiefs whose lords joined John. Fiefs whose lords joined Philip.

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486 Argences, Richard of

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487 Aunou

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489 Baqueville (Martel)

Briouze

Chester, earl of

Clare, earl of

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Cleville (John du Hom

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486 Alençon

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Baudemont, see Cailly
Beaufou

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487

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Cailly

Courci

489 493

504 Creully

493

Eu

Ferrières

• 494

494

494

Fontenai (Marmion)
Fontenai, Richard of
Fougères, William of

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- 495

- 496

496

Gacé

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497

Gisors, John of

497

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498

Hambye (Paynell)

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513

Neubourg

508

506

Orbec⭑

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Pavilly

510

- 507

Pembroke,* earl of; see

- 508

Ollonde (Mandeville)

Longueville, Orbec 502, 509

Préaux

509

510

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Roumare

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Saint-Hilaire

511

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512

Saint-Sauveur (Tesson)

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Tancarville

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517

Thury, see Saint-Sauveur

513

Tracy, Oliver of

7518

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*William the Marshal, earl of Pembroke, did homage to Philip Augustus for his lands, but did not join him.

506 Vieuxpont

ABBREVIATIONS.

H. de F. Recueil des Historiens de France, vol. xxiii; R.N. Rotuli Normanniae; C.N. Cartulaire Normand; Testa= Testa de Nevill; R.B.= Red Book of the Exchequer; V.C.H.= Victoria County Histories; G.E.C.-G.E.C(okayne's) Complete Peerage.

L'AIGLE. The land of Gilbert of L'Aigle in Dorset was among the Terrae Normannorum in 1204 (R.N., 124). The lord of L'Aigle, Gilbert, or his successor, appears in lists of pledges after 1204 in Normandy (C.N., nos. 206, 366). For their charters, compare C.N., no. 366 note, and Stapleton, II, xlviii note.

For the genealogy of the house cf. Round, Calendar, pp. 218, 225, 511. For the Norman barony, see the return of Richer of L'Aigle in R.B., ii, 629, H. de F., 709a (Crepon, Calvados, arr. Bayeux); and Ibid, 618 b.c. (L'Aigle).

The honour of Aquila in England was centred in Sussex at Pevensey. By 1212 it was confiscated (Testa, 226 b, cf. 225, 227), but Gilbert of L'Aigle is found in England in the early part of Henry III's reign (Rot. Claus., i, 369 b; ii, 160 b, 166 b). The honour was granted to Gilbert Marshal in 1234 (Cal. of Charter Rolls, Henry III, i, 191). This corrects Banks, The Dormant and Extinct Baronage of England (1807), i, 4.

ALENCON. For the defection of Count Robert of Alençon or Séez, see above, p. 233. The count played a prominent part in Norman politics until his death (Actes de PhilippeAuguste, passim). In January 1221, his heirs, the viscount of Châtellerault, Ella, the count's sister, and Robin Malet (his nephew) surrendered Alençon and other lands to Philip Augustus (Actes, no. 2028; C.N., no. 1126, p. 306).

The counts of Alençon, according to the return made by Robert III's father, John, in 1172, owed the service of 20 knights to the duke, and received the service of 111 knights (R.B., ii, 626). In the later part of the twelfth century Alençon and its castle were the seat of a bailiwick (above, p. 111), but the lordship of the counts within and without the town and bailiwick was very extensive: see C.N., nos. 122, 283, 340, 1126.

ARGENCES, Richard of. Richard, who had farmed the honour of Evreux in 1198, had joined Philip Augustus in 1202 (above, pp. 259, 306-9). He figures in the court of the Exchequer between 1209 and 1215 (Jugements, p. 251 note, and no. 153; see also C.N., nos. 124, 230). In May 1205, Philip endowed him with the important fief of Ollonde (q.v.) and with other lands, including those of the Earl of Arundel at Buevilla' (C.N., no. 121; cf. H. de F., 620).

ARUNDEL, the earl of. The fiefs held by the earl of Arundel in Normandy were added to the ducal demesne by Philip Augustus (C.N., no. 113).

See Argences.

AUFAI. In 1172 Richard of Aufai owed the service of 5 knights, and had 16 knights in his own service (R.B., ii, 627). In 1198, John of Aufai accounted at the Exchequer for the residue of his relief (Rot. Scacc., ii, 422). The barony was divided between the king and William Martel after the conquest (see H. de F., 707 j, 708 a).

John died in or shortly before 1204, leaving a daughter as heiress of his English lands, the chief of which was the manor of Norton in Somerset (Rot. Fin., 224).

AUMALE. The town and castle of Aumâle were occupied two

or three times by Philip Augustus between 1193 and 1204 (above, pp. 146, 165, 166). On the last occasion it was entrusted to Renaud of Boulogne who was afterwards invested with the county (Actes, nos. 884, 1217; C.N., no. 1155).

Baldwin of Béthune, the last count of Aumâle to hold of the independent Norman dukes, was one of John's most faithful friends. See above, pp. 164, 434.

AUNOU. In 1172 Fulk of Aunou (Aunou-le-Faucon, southeast of Argentan) owed the service of 4 knights and had 34 in his service. His son, Fulk, succeeded him about 1195 (Stapleton II, lxxxvii), and, after remaining loyal to John up to the last (cf. R.N., 106) submitted to Philip (H. de F., 619 f; C.N., no. 326).

1. This is the reading of Register A. The R.B. has 241⁄2 knights (ii, 641).

For the extensive lands of his family, which included places near Séez, in Auge and the Lieuvin, as well as near Argentan, see Round, Calendar, pp. 148, 155, 210, 243; and Stapleton I, lxxv, II, cxxxix.

The Somerset family was different. See Testa, 161 b; Collinson, History of Somerset, ii, 421, s.v. Compton-Dando.

BAQUEVILLE. This fief (Seine-Inferieure, arr. Dieppe) was held by the family of Martel. See Round, Calendar, p. 356; cf. Geoffrey de Mandeville, pp. 146, 416. In 1172 Geoffrey Martel owed the service of 2 knights and had 8 in his service (R.B., ii, 629). In 1180 his fief was in the king's hands (Rot. Scacc., i, 92), probably by reason of his heir's minority. William Martel, one of John's officials in 1203 and for a time Constable of Arques (Rot. Pat., 22) joined Philip (C.N., no. 124), and his successors are found as lords of Baqueville (Ibid, no. 1216).1

BEAUFOU. In 1172 Richard of Beaufou (Belfagus, Bellafagus) owed the service of 2 knights and had in his service 62 (R.B., ii, 630). The fief was held by Henry of Beaufou at the time of the conquest of Normandy (H. de F., 635e; R.N., 97).

Several families of this name seem to have been established in England during John's reign; e.g., the Richard of Beaufou who had lands in Oxfordshire (Testa, 101b). The lands occupied after the conquest by Ralf of Beaufou had come by this time to the family of Rie (V.C.H., Norfolk, ii, 20; Blomefield and Parkin, History of the County of Norfolk, v, 1199).

BOHON. There were two branches of this family, descended from the Humphrey of Bohon who, according to Domesday Book, had received Taterford in Norfolk, after the Norman conquest (V.C.H., Norfolk, ii, 184). Both families held extensive lands in England and Normandy, and both chose to remain in England after 1204. For their genealogy see Stapleton II, xxii-xxxvi, and Round, Calendar, p. xlvi.

Bohon. The elder branch of the family owed the service

1. Cf. Anselme, Histoire Genealogique de France, viii, 209. On the other hand, the fief was for a time in the king's hands at a date after 1204, according to an addition in Register A to the list of 1172.

of 2/, knights and had in its service 7 knights (R.B., ii, 627). Saint-Georges and Saint-André de Bohon lie in the marshy district south of Carentan (Manche). In 1204 the barony was held by Engelger II, in virtue of a very complicated ancestry. His barony of Midhurst, in Sussex, was the main source of his family's importance in England (G.E.C., edited Vicary Gibbs, 1912, ii, 199).

Carentan. The younger or Carentan branch of the family owed the service of 2'/, knights in 1172, and had

that of 2 knights (R.B., ii, 628).

Henry, its representative

in 1204, was created earl of Hereford by John.

In 1220 Bohon and Carentan were in the hands of Philip Augustus (H. de F., 608d, 611b g).

BRICQUEBEC. According to Stapleton (I, xcii) the family of Bertram had its seat in Auge, at Roncheville-le-Bertrand, not at Bricquebec in the Cotentin. In 1180 Robert Bertram farmed the viscounty of Auge, apparently by hereditary right (Rot. Scacc., i, 40). But the main strength of the barony lay in the Cotentin, where in 1172 Robert Bertram had 34 knights in his service, and owed the service of 5 knights (R.B., ii, 629). In 1202 his son, Robert, was a minor. Robert of Thibouville bought the wardship for £6,000 of Anjou (above, p. 351 n). This caused some confusion in 1204, for whereas Philip Augustus seized Robert's lands on the ground that he was in England with John (Round, Calendar, p. 528; C.N., no. 113), John seized his English lands on the ground that Robert of Thibouville, who held the heir, had deserted (R.N., 129).1 In 1207, however, it is clear from the judgments of the Norman Exchequer (Jugements, no. 13) that Philip was respecting the boy's rights. For the state of the fief in 1220, revealing by the royal grants the effects of Robert's minority, see H. de F., 608-9. Later, as the husband of Joan, the daughter of Ralph Tesson, he became lord of Thury (Stapleton, II, lvi, ccx). See also Breard, Cartulaire de Saint-Ymer-en-Auge et de Briquebec (Soc. de l'hist. de Normandie, 1908), p. 183; Stapleton (I, xcii-iii, II, xxviii), and the charters in Round's Calendar, pp. 120, 341, 347, 423, 456.

1. Robert of Thibouville lost his English lands (R.N., 125; Rot. de Fin., 279).

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