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neck, and sometimes it appears to have been simply placed in the grave by the side of the head." In addition to the amber, there was associated with this burial a piece of fused glass, the remains, it may be, of beads or a drinking cup.

The vessels of pottery noted in 1910 were without exception fragmentary and incomplete. The breakages may be due to the pressure of the surrounding earth, but the defective condition of the urns is more difficult to explain. Those near the surface (and many along the "furr" line of burials were only a foot or even less below the present level) may have been exposed and scattered by the plough. The land, though now in grass, had been tillage previously for generations. For the urns at a lower depth, the plough theory is quite inadmissible. To account for their condition, some suggested previous disturbance, others "tribal custom," whilst others were content to look upon it as a mystery. In support of the theory of previous disturbances, it was pointed out that seldom had the urn an accompanying gift associated with it. Whenever anything was found, it was almost always below the vessel, as if belonging to another previous interment. In this connection one may recall Canon Atkinson's experience in Cleveland barrows of an earlier period. The advocates of "tribal custom" point to the common belief of the coming of Woden and his ship for the soul of the dead. In their judgment, the pottery was broken at the time of burial to allow more ready egress to the spirit on the approach of the god.

Another peculiarity connected with Hob Hill was the total absence up to this date of anything of the nature of a weapon. The sword may have been peculiar to the upper classes, but why no knife, and neither spear nor shield? This may have arisen from the poverty of the community (though even the poorest might have to fight), or it may have been due to the fact that the Angles round Saltburn were a non-warlike people. As against the latter explanation, one may point out that the conditions which then prevailed called both for arms and men. Near Hob Hill lay the sea, the highway of the pirate and the slaver, and other undesirables. To all such the splendid stretch of beach between Huntcliff and the Tees (at a later date described by Arthur Young as one of the finest and firmest in England") offered a most tempting landing-place. "Marske's sunny lands and sands beyond Pactolus' golden sands" must have gazed upon many a conflict between intruder and occupant.

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But, unfortunately, these witnesses are silent, and there is left to us nothing save conjecture.

The folly of hasty inference (like the above) became manifest, when on 31st May, in a third line of burials, a little to the west of the ground which had proved so fruitful, an iron axehead (fig. 3) was brought to light. The weapon was associated with a burial after cremation. It was found near the south end of the grave at a depth of 2 ft., and is of the type known as the "francisca," the ordinary weapon of the Franks. Its horizontal measurement is 7 in., length of blade 4 in., weight 1b. Along the same line, associated with separate interments, were found three small knives, the socket and the ferrule of a spear, a spear-head minus the point, and a piece of oak in which was embedded a bronze ring-no doubt part of a large bucket. The last-named lay just above a wooden receptacle (like a chest), the material of which (oak), though perhaps previously charred as a preservative, was in very great decay. For this cause it was impossible to secure accurate measurements. With difficulty one traced a length of upwards of five feet, a breadth of two feet, and a height of 1 feet. The coffin had enclosed the unburnt body of an adult, of which only the teeth remained. With this burial were found an annular brooch of bronze and a necklace of beads (amber, crystal, and coloured pastes).

A little later, along the third line of burials, were discovered, inside an ornamented urn (quite at the bottom of the vessel), a pair of bronze tweezers. In the older books these are regarded as toilet requisites, for the removal of superfluous hair. More probably, however, they were used chiefly for the extraction of thorns from the skin (Proceedings of Society of Antiquaries, Second Series, vol. xxiii, No. 1, p. 277).

In concluding this brief paper, the writer has only to regret his manifold deficiencies. He undertook the work of recorder, not because of any special fitness, but, as being on the ground and in default of a more scientific observer. more scientific observer. However, the duty has been both an education and an inspiration. The difficulties met with compelled inquiry. The ready help, given on every side, has been one of the most pleasing features of the find.

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HERALDIC GLASS FROM INGLEBY ARNCLIFFE

AND KIRBY SIGSTON CHURCHES.

BY WILLIAM BROWN, F.S.A.

THE plates illustrating this article are made from tracings and drawings by a member of our Council, the Rev. C. V. Collier, Langton Rectory, Malton. They are excellent specimens of heraldic art in the fourteenth century. The earliest and finest example is the Colville coat from Kirby Sigston, with which may be associated the other coats in the same church. These may be assigned to some time in the second quarter of the fourteenth century, probably about 1340. The arms from Ingleby Arncliffe are some twenty-five to thirty years later.

The two coats from the east window of Ingleby Arncliffe church are the same size (9×83 in.). They represent the bearings of Joan Fauconberg, Argent a lion rampant azure, and of Joan St. Quintin,1Or a chevron gules with a chief vair, the two wives of Sir William Colville, of Arncliffe and Dale, who occurs between the years 1359 and 1376. It is curious that the husband's arms do not occur. It has been suggested that they were destroyed on the attainder in 1405 of Sir John Colville, the son of Sir William Colville and Joan Fauconberg. Though this is possible, it is more likely that the loss is due to carelessness at a much later date.

In a recently published Calendar of Patent Rolls there are some interesting facts mentioned connected with the attainder of Sir John Colville. As early as July, 1403, doubts seem to have been entertained as to his fidelity, and certain commissioners, including Robert Mauleverer, whose son married his daughter, were ordered to arrest "John Colvyle of Dale, chivaler," with others, and put them in safe conduct until further orders. If they refused to obey the arrest, they were to justify, that is, punish them as traitors and rebels.3 Colville seems to have made his peace with the reigning powers, as in October of the year following he and others were ordered to inquire about the withdrawal of divers rents, profits, and emoluments, ordained of old for the repair of the bridge of Yarum-on-Tese, as the said bridge was for the most part broken down.1

1 Her will was proved in 1390. In it she left her best horse for her mortuary at Arnclifte (Test. Ebor., i, 135).

2 Y.A.J., xvi, 134.

3 Calendar of Patent Rolls (1401-5), p.297.

Ibid., p. 506.

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