LONDON: T. FISHER UNWIN, PATERNOSTER SQUARE, E.C.

PREFACE

CONTENTS.

I.

PAGE

vii

BRITAIN BEFORE THE ROMANS

Iberians and Belgian Celts, 3-Cæsar's Account of Britain, 5

-The Druids, 7-Laws of the Druids, 9.

II.

CÆSAR IN BRITAIN (First Expedition)

I-10

12-21

Defeat of the Britons, 17-Stratagem of the Britons, 19-

Cæsar sets sail for Gaul, 21.

The Second Landing, 23—British Valour, 25—The "Town"

of Caswallon, 27-Hostages and Yearly Tribute, 29.

IV.

BRITAIN AND THE SUCCESSORS OF CÆSAR

Caligula's Whims, 33-Caractacus, 35—Claudius, 37.

CARACTACUS

. V.

31-38

39-47

Oration on the Battle-field, 41-Caradoc in Rome, 43-Cara-

doc pardoned by Claudius, 45-Death of Ostorius, 47.

VI.

PAGE

BOADICEA

48-57

Subjugation of Mona, 49—Capture of Camalodunum, 51—

Movements of Suetonius, 53-The Britons defeated, 55—

State of Britain in A.D. 71, 57.

VII.

AGRICOLA IN COMMAND

58-65

The Ordovices, 59-Ireland first mentioned in History, 63-

Recall of Agricola, 65.

THE ROMAN WALLS.

VIII.

66-78

Southern Britain, 67—Construction of the Wall, 69—Military

Roads, 73-Severus Visits Britain, 77.

Fresh Expedition to Britain, 83-A Blank in History, 85-

Defeat and Death of Maximus, 87-Influence of the Romans

on Britain, 89-Bignor and Chedworth, 91.

X.

THE ENGLISH CONQUEST

་

92-111

The Legend of Vortigern, 93-Hengist and Horsa, 95—The

Wood called "Andreds weald," 97- The West Saxons in

Britain, 99-The Angles, 101-The Kingdom of Northumbria,

103-The Kingdom of Mercia, 105-The Boundary of Wales,

107-The King's Scaur, 109-The Story of the Cave, III.

XI.

THE FIRST FOUR BRETWALDAS (ELLE, CEAWLIN,

ETHELBERT, REDWALD)

112-119

Bretwalda, Britannia, and Bryten, 113-Ceawlin, of Wessex,

115-Redwald, King of Anglia, 117-Edwin, the Fifth Bret-

walda, 119.

CONTENTS.

THE CONVERSION OF ENGLAND

xi

PAGE

120-131

"De Ira Eruti," 121-Augustine looks to British Churches,

123-The Vision of Edwin, 125--Relapse into Paganism, 127

-The Spread of Christianity, 129-Wilfrid baptizes the

Southern Saxons, 131.

XIII.

THE NORTHUMBRIAN BRETWALDAS

132-139

Peaceful Britain, 133-Oswald kneels to the Cross, 135-

Defeat of Penda, 137-The History of Northumbria ends,

139.

Ethelred and Ceolred, 141-Edilhun the West Saxon, 143—

Offa's Eminence, 145-The Fate of Edelfrida, 149.

XV.

CAEDMON, BEDE, AND CUTHBERT

151-166

Caedmon's Vision, 153-Poetry of Caedmon, 155-Bede's Life,

157-The Story of Bede's Death, 159-The Works of Bede,

161-Cuthbert's Early History, 163-The Abbot of Lindis-

farne, 165.

XVI.

THE ENGLISH PEOPLE

:

167-177

The Slave, the Thane, the Alderman, 171-Social Matters,

173-The Food of the People, 175-Hunting, Hawks, and

Harpers, 177.

XVII.

WESSEX AND EGBERT

• 178-184

Story of Ina's Abdication, 179-King Egbert's Conquests, 183.