LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. xvii 14. The Roman Wall at Brunton. From the Rev. J. Collingwood Bruce's "The Roman Wall". 15.-Coin of Hadrian. By permission of the Rev. J. Collingwood Bruce ... 16.-Remains of Roman Camp at Silchester. From a photograph by S. V. White, of Reading 17.-Roman Military Altar. ... ... By per mission of the Rev. J. Collingwood Bruce ... ... ... 18.-Coin of Antoninus Pius. By permission of the Rev. J. Collingwood PAGE 68 69 7I 75 19.-Roman Vase of Dark Brown Caistor Ware. From the original in the 21.-Roman Tesselated Pavement. From the original in the British Museum ... 22.-Roman Ruins, Lincoln 23.—Map of Roman Britain, A.D. 577 83 PAGE 24. Flint Knives. From "Transactions of the Essex Field Club" ... ... IIO 25.-Statue of a River God (Roman), mission of the Rev. J. Collingwood 26.-Anglo-Saxon Pottery. Found in Nor folk, Kent, and Cambridge. From 27.-Page of Gospels. From the original 28. Chapel at Bradford-on-Avon. Earliest specimen of Saxon building 130 169 32.-Anglo-Saxon Calendar-Ploughing. From the original MS. 33.-Anglo-Saxon Drinking Horn. From the original in the British Museum... 174 38.-Jewels of Alfred the Great. From Otto Henne am Rhyn's "Cultur 39.—Installation of a Saxon King ... 40.-Anglo-Saxon Cup. Found at Halton, Lancashire ... ... 230 242 41.-Dunstan. From the original MS. ... 247 42.-Edgar. From the original MS. ... 43.-Corfe Castle; the King's Tower; Saxon work 44.-Viking Ship ... ... 45.-Saxon Pennies; fourteen specimens of the coinage of various kings 46.—Danish Ship of War...... 254 257 264 ... 271 ... ... 274 50.-Anglo-Saxon Drinking Glass Found at Ashford, Kent. From the original 51.-Pevensey Castle. From a photo. 52. --William of Normandy Bayeaux Tapestry From the ... ... ... 53.--Seal of Edward the Confessor From the original in the British 327 333 ... 352 ... 361 ... 364 368 56.--Ships of War From the Bayeaux ... 57.-Foundation of the Choir of Battle Abbey and Site of the High Altar... 375 BRITAIN BEFORE THE ROMANS. SOMETIME in the fourth century B.C. Pytheas, a native of Massilia (Marseilles) visited the island of Britain. He travelled over a considerable part of it, and found that it consisted, for the most part, of forest or marsh. But there were open spaces in the woods in which sheep and cattle were kept, and there was a strip of land along the coast, or, at least, part of the coast, in which the traveller saw wheat growing. 'This wheat," the traveller says, "the natives threshed, not on open floors, but in barns, because they had so little sunshine and so much rain." As he went further north he found that corn could not be grown. The natives made intoxicating drinks, he tells us, out of corn and honey. The island was inhabited, probably at this time, I What is here said of Pytheas and his account of his travels must be taken with a certain reserve. His work has been lost, and all that we know of it is derived from quotations made from it by writers who did not attach much credit to it. But on more than one point where they criticized him, we know that he was right and they were wrong. Sir E. H. Bunbury (“ History of Ancient Geography,” i. 590 seq.) discusses the question fully, and is inclined to regard Pytheas as, in the main, a trustworthy writer. |