pulpit, and about 900 sittings. The Rev. T. F. Thomas is the pastor. The Quakers' Meeting House, in Lower Brook street, was built in 1706, and will seat about 800 hearers. The CATHOLIC CHAPEL, on the Woodbridge road, was erected in 1825, and enlarged in 1839, chiefly at the expense of its first priest,' the Rev. P. L. Simon, one of the refugees who left France at the commencement of the Revolution, and resided here till his death, in September, 1839. It is a small building in the early English style, and is now under the pastoral care of the Rev. James O'Neill. The Baptist Chapel, in Dairy lane, was built by a congregation of Baptists formed in 1758. It has 800 sittings, and is under the ministry of the Rev. James Nunn. Zoar Chapel, in David street, was built in 1841, by the Baptists who seceded from Mr. Nunn's ministry, in 1829. It cost about £900, and has 500 sittings, but no pews. The Rev. J. Bateman is the minister. Salem Chapel, in Globe lane, built in 1812, and Turret Green Chapel, erected in 1842, are both small meeting houses belonging to the Baptists. The latter is under the ministry of the Rev. J. Sprigg, who, with part of the congregation, lately separated from Stoke Chapel, which is the largest of the five Baptist Chapels in Ipswich, and was erected in 1774, but has since been rebuilt and several times enlarged, so that it will now seat about 900 hearers. It is an octangular building, and is now under the ministry of the Rev. J. Webb. The Wesleyan Chapel, in New Market lane, was erected in 1816, and is a neat brick building, containing about 1000 sittings. The Association Methodist Chapel, in Friar street, was built in 1837, for about 600 hearers; and the Primitive Methodist Chapel, in Rope lane, was built in 1839, and has about 500 sittings. The Jews Synagogue, in Rope lane, is a small brick building with pointed windows. The Jews have a small burial ground behind the Green Man Inn, and Harris Isaacs is their rabbi. Bible, Tract, Missionary, and other Societies for promoting Christian knowledge, are liberally supported both by the church and disseuting congregations in Ipswich.

THE IPSWICH LITERARY INSTITUTION, established in 1818, has its library and museum, and holds its meetings in the Town Hall. It was instituted by shareholders, but is supported also by a number of annual subscribers, those residing in the town paying £2. 2s., and those in the country £1. 10s. per annum. Besides the extensive library belonging to the society, a large collection of old books belonging to the corporation are deposited in the rooms. This collection was derived from the gifts of Wm. Smart, Mrs. Walter, and other donors, and was formerly deposited in Christ's Hospital. The museum contains many curious and rare specimens of natural history, and some interesting pieces of antiquity. The Public Library, at Mr. Pawsey's, in the Butter Market, is extensive and well selected. There is a Law Library, and also several circulating libraries in the town. The MECHANICS' INSTITUTION, in Tavern street, was established in 1824, and has now a valuable library of upwards of 3000 volumes. It occupies a building containing a spacious lecture room, library, museum, committee rooms, and other apartments. The great utility of this institution, for the diffusion of knowledge among the lower classes, is duly appreciated by the wealthier inhabitants of the town and neighbourhood, many of whom support it by donations, annual subscriptions, and literary services. The building which it now occupies was purchased in 1833, at the cost of £1000, raised in £5 shares; and the sum of £300, given by J. Morrison and R. Wason, Esqrs., the borough inembers, was laid out in making the necessary alterations and repairs. The members are from 300 to 400 in number, and contribute 10s. each

per annum, for which they have the use of the library, reading room, &c., and the privilege of introducing two friends to the lectures. Mr. Webster is the honorary secretary; Mr. Ormond, the paid secretary; and Mr. Franklin, the librarian. A Society for Mental Improvement was founded in 1836, by the numerous workmen and youths employed at the extensive foundry of Messrs. J. R. and A. Ransome, who contribute liberally towards its support. It numbers about 140 members, and has a library of more than 600 volumes. The Ipswich Horticultural Society is supported by many of the principal gentry of the town and neighbourhood. Sir W. F. F. Middleton is its president; and Mr. Wm. Woollard, secretary.

Three weekly NEWSPAPERS are published here, viz., the Ipswich Journal, which was commenced as early as 1739; the Suffolk Chronicle, which was established in 1810; and the Ipswich Express, commenced in 1839. The Journal advocates tory, and the two latter whig or liberal politics. The Journal and Chronicle are published on Saturday, the former by Mr. Postle Jackson, and the latter by Mr. John King. The Express is published every Tuesday, by Mr. Stpn. Piper. Two small monthly periodicals are published in the town, viz., the Suffolk Temperance Recorder, commenced in 1840, and the Independent Magazine, established in 1842.

The THEATRE, in Tacket street, is a small but neat building, which was erected by a number of shareholders in 1803, and is occupied several weeks during the summer. Ipswich enjoys the honour of having first witnessed and acknowledged the inimitable powers of David Garrick, who, under the assumed name of Lyddal, is said to have made his first dramatic essay here in 1739, in Dunstal's company, from London, in the part of Dick, in the Lying Valet. The new ASSEMBLY ROOMS form a neat white brick building, in Northgate street, erected in 1820, and containing a spacious and elegant ball room, supper rooms, orchestra, &c. An Amateur Musical Society was established here in 1839. IPSWICH RACES, held in or about July, were formerly very numerously attended, but their attraction has rapidly declined of late years, as also has the taste for dramatic performances. The Race Course is about half a mile east of the town. In Quay street, is a commodious suite of PUBLIC BATHS, embracing plunging and shower salt water baths, either cold or warm, as well as vapour and sulphur-vapour baths. They belong to several proprietors. In June, 1843, the Corporation completed a large and convenient Bathing Place, near the bank of the Orwell, for the use of the inhabitants. It is connected with the river by a covered sluice and flood-gates, so that the water may be changed every tide.

WORTHIES.-The most elevated, but not the most honourable niche in the Ipswich temple of fame, is occupied by Cardinal Wolsey, already noticed at page 56. Among other distinguished men who were born or flourished here, are the following:-RALPH BROWNRIG, Son of a merchant of Ipswich, was born in 1592, and became bishop of Exeter in 1641. He was deprived of his preferments at the commencement of the Commonwealth; but, notwithstanding his loyalty, Cromwell consulted him on a subject of considerable importance, and he is said to have returned this answer:-"My lord, the best advice I can give you is, Render unto Cæsar the things that are Cæsar's, and unto God the things that are God's." He was chosen preacher at the Temple in 1657, and died at London in 1659.

Two folio volumes of his sermons were published in 1661 and 1664. BENJ. LANY was born here towards the close of the 16th century. He was suecessively bishop of Peterborough, Lincoln, and Ely, and died in 1674. Dr. WM. BUTLER was born here, and died in 1621, aged 83. He was many years an eminent physician in London, and was distinguished for wit and slovenliness, as well as physic. Sir Nicholas Bacon, keeper of the great seal in the reign of Elizabeth, deeply interested himself in the well-being of the charities of Ipswich; and his third son, Nathaniel Bacon, was recorder of Ipswich, and compiled the annals of the town; but they were never printed, owing, it is said, to their containing many gross mistakes, and strong political prejudices. He successively held the offices of town-clerk and recorder of Ipswich, and from 1654 to 1660, was one of the representatives of the borough in Parliament. Sir Edward Coke, the celebrated lawyer, though not a native of Ipswich, resided frequently within it, and generally at Wherstead. Sir Cphr. Hatton, who is said to have danced himself so far into the favour of Queen Elizabeth, as to reach one of the highest offices of state, resided here for some time, in a house in the street now called Hatton court. Thomas Green, Esq., who was born in 1760, and resided many years in Lower Brook street, where he died in 1825, was the author of many well-written essays, and of "Extracts from the Diary of a Lover of Literature." He was a great encourager of the fine arts, and possessed a valuable collection of paintings, which was always open to the inspection and study of artists. George Frost, an excellent landscape painter, who died here in 1821, availed himself of this opportunity, to correct the crudity of his genius. Joshua Kirby, a well-known topographical draughtsman, and designer in perspective to George III., died here in 1774. He was the son of JOHN KIRBY, of Wickham Market, who published the Suffolk Traveller, from an actual survey of the county in the years 1732, '33, and '34," and died here in 1753. A second edition of this work was published in 1764, with additions and alterations, by the Rev. Richard Canning, M.A., who was 40 years minister of St. Lawrence church, and published a translation of the principal charters, and an account of the charities of Ipswich, in 1747 and 1754. He died in 1775. The Rev. Jas. Ford, late incumbent of St. Lawrence's, published several works in religion and biography. Clara Reeve, author of that pleasing fiction, "The Old English Baron," resided at Ipswich, where her father was perpetual curate of the parish of St. Nicholas. She commenced her literary career in 1772, and died in 1807. Sarah Trimmer, daughter of the before-named Joshua Kirby, wrote many valuable works for the religious instruction of young people and the poor, and died here in 1810, in her 70th year. Mr. Henry Davy, a highly talented artist, now living here, has drawn, etched, and published a considerable number of views of churches, seats, and ancient buildings in the county of Suffolk. Mr. John Wodderspoon, another resident, has recently published an interesting "Guide to Ipswich," and another work on the "Historic Sites, and other Remarkable and Interesting Places in Suffolk," with prefatory verses by Bernard Barton, the Woodbridge poet, who was educated here, and whose daughter Lucy has published several useful books for young people, both in prose and verse.

CHARITY TRUSTEES.-Until the passing of the Municipal Reform Act, the Corporation of Ipswich were trustees of the following charities, which yield an annual income of more than £2000, viz., the Grammar School, Christ's Hospital, Tooley's and Smart's Almshouses, and Tyler's, Allen's, Scrivener's, Burrough's, Martin's, Cutler's, Osmond's, Snow's, Crane's, and Sir Thos. White's charities; but since 1836, they have been placed under the management of 21 trustees, appointed for life by the Town Council, with the sanction of the Lord

Chancellor. The present trustees are the Rev. J. C. Ebden, W. C. Fonnereau, Jeremiah Head, Hy. Bond, Chas. Colchester, Hy. Aldrich, P. B. Long, Robt. Bowman, John Footman, Walton Turner, Shepherd Ray, and Wm. Rodwell, Esqs.; Rev. J. T. Nottidge, and Michael Turner, Benj. Brame, Chas. C. Hammond, Geo. Josselyn, John Cobbold, G. C. E. Bacon, H. G. Bristo, and John Bond, Esqs. The last five were elected in June, 1843. Mr. Rodwell is the treasurer.

The GRAMMAR SCHOOL is free to fifty boys for instruction in classical learning, but for commercial and other branches of education, they are charged one guinea each per quarter. By Letters Patent of the 8th Elizabeth, (1565,) reciting that there had for a long time been a free grammar school, founded by Henry VIII. in Ipswich, consisting of a master and usher, who had for their wages £38. 13s. 4d. per annum, out of her Majesty's manors, lands, and hereditaments in Suffolk; her Majesty ratified and confirmed the said foundation; and further ordained that the bailiffs, burgesses, and commonalty of Ipswich, and their successors, should thenceforth have the appointment of the head master, with the sanction of the Bishop of Norwich; and should also appoint such a proper person to be usher, as the master should adjudge fit for that office. Her Majesty also granted that the above-named annuity of £38. 13s. 4d. should be paid out of the fee farm of the borough of Ipswich, as follows:- £24. 63. 8d. to the master, and £14. 6s. 8d. to the usher. Since 1771, the offices of master and usher have been consolidated, and held together by the master for the time being, who has also the yearly sum of £11 out of the revenues of Christ's Hospital, under Felaw's gift; £6. 138. 4d. from Smart's charity; and other payments from the corporation, swelling his yearly salary to £116 per aunum. He has also the use of a large and commodious house, (purchased by the corporation in 1610,) and is allowed to take from 30 to 40 boarders, and also a number of day scholars, not on the foundation. The school was kept in the refectory of the Black Friars, until about a year ago, when a new school room was erected by the corporation. In 1643, Wm. Tyler left £300 for schooling, clothing, and apprenticing poor children. It was laid out in the purchase of one-third part of a farm of 142A. at Creeting, now let for £150. For many years, the yearly proceeds of Tyler's charity (£50,) have been expended in providing books, &c., for the free scholars, and in giving apprentices fees of £5 with the poorest of them, after being four years at school. There are two exhibitions, one of £14 and the other of £6 a year, for two students at Cambridge, who have been scholars at this school. (See Martin's charity.) A lending library (chiefly of Greek and Latin classics) has been attached to the school by various donations. The Mayor and Town Council appoint the free scholars, and also the master, who must be a graduate of one of the universities, and in holy orders. The Rev. J. Fenwick, the present master, was elected in May, 1843.

CHRIST'S HOSPITAL, where forty poor boys are now maintained and educated, was established by the corporation of Ipswich, in 1569, for the purpose of making provision for poor persons, orphans, and such as were unable from age, sickness, or infirmity, to support themselves, and for a workhouse for vagrants. With this design, the corporation ordered that part of the premises, called the Black Friars, which they had recently become possessed of, should thenceforth be an hospital for the poor of Ipswich; and a subscription was raised for fitting them up for that purpose. For the support of the hospital, the corporation imposed a tonnage duty on ships belonging to the port, and a payment of 1s. by every person on taking out his freedom of the borough, but they have not been collected during the last twenty years. In 1672, a charter was granted, empowering the corporation to grant and hold lands, &c., for the support of the hospital; to make rules

and ordinances for its government; and to appoint yearly four burgesses to be governors. The endowment has been derived from various sources, and some portions of it were originally destined for other charitable uses. For some time, the hospital was conducted as a general poor-house, but after the establishment of poor laws, it was confined to the purpose of maintaining, educating, bringing up, and apprenticing of poor boys. The premises, formerly the Black Friars, comprised the old hospital; the old Bridewell; the old grammar school, and other buildings in the Shire Hall Yard, most of which have been taken down, and the remainder will shortly be removed, and the sites let on building leases, except those portions which have long formed Tooley's Alms-houses. In 1482, RICHARD FELAW left property for the foundation and support of a free-school and hospital, but on the establishment of a college and grammar school at Ipswich, by Cardinal Wolsey, it was given to the dean and canons of that college, with whom it remained till their dissolution, when the corporation resumed possession of it, and appropriated it to the use of this hospital, with some exceptions noticed in the following particulars of the property derived under FELAW'S GIFT:-viz., a house in Foundation street; a stable and several ground-rents, &c., near the said house, let for £4. Os. 6d. per annum ; the fourth part of a farm of 158 acres, at Whitton, let for the yearly rent of £120; the ninth-part of a farm of 91 acres, at Whitton and Bramford, let for £118, as noticed with Tooley's charity; and two fields in the parish of St. Mary Stoke. The last mentioned land is now included in a farm of 26A. 2R. 4P., let for £93 per annum, the other part of which was purchased in 1722, with £340 left to the hospital by Thos. Bright and Richard Philipps. The other possessions of the hospital are-the third-part of a farm of 142A. at Creeting, (let for £150,) purchased with Smart's and Tyler's charities, and money arising from the sale of two houses, given by Daniel Snow and Rd. Felaw; a farm of 84A. at Debenham, let for £120, and bequeathed, in 1670 by Nicholas Philipps; a meadow of 3A. in St. Mary Stoke, purchased for £250; one-third part of a farm of 103A. at Otley, let for £118, and purchased with £300 belonging to the hospital and Tooley's and Smart's charities; a yearly rent charge of £19. 13s. 4d., out of a house and land in Ipswich and Bramford, purchased with £280 in the 7th James I.; £7. 10s. yearly from the corporation, as interest of £250, left by Eliz. Robinson, Cath. Baxter, and Thos. Goodwin; £1 yearly out of a house in Knight lane; and £7.4s. from £240 three per cent. consols, left by Amy Kemp in 1745. The yearly income from the sources above-named is about £500. Since the passing of the Municipal Reform Act, the charities, formerly under the management of the corporation, have been placed under the care of a board of 21 trustees, who, in 1841, removed Christ's Hospital to Chenery farm, pleasantly situated in Great Whip street, where an ancient but commodious house, belonging to the charity, has been altered, repaired, and enlarged for the purpose, at the cost of about £1500, and now affords accommodation for the master, and 40 poor boys, who are clothed, maintained, and educated, at the expense of the charity till the age of 14, when the trustees give small apprentice fees with such as are bound to trades. Besides his victuals and lodgings, the master has a yearly salary of £100. The boys are instructed in reading, writing, and arithmetic, and are occasionally employed in cultivating the extensive gardens attached to the hospital, in the west front of which is a statue of one of the scholars, removed from the old hospital, where only sixteen boys were victualled under the care of the bridewell keeper, and instructed by a master who received only a small salary, and did not reside on the premises.

The SCHOOLS OF GREY-COAT BOYS AND BLUE-COAT GIRLS, in Curriers' lane, were established by subscription in 1709, since which year they have received many benefactions and bequests, which, with the surplus in