two and one; third, the dexter base, erm. on a cushion gu, tasselled or, a mound of the last, for the dignity of Grand Master of the Household of Austria; the upper gyron, on the sinister, az. a fesse betw. three lozenges, ar. for Heppinheim; the second, on the sinister side, or, a wolf pass. sa. for Wolffsthall; the sinister base, ar. a lion ramp. crowned az. debruised with two bars gu, for Pomnerfield: over all, in pale, three escutcheons; viz. in chief, an escutcheon or, charged with an imperial eagle, holding the mound and sword; the escutcheon in base, the arms of Austria; over it, an electoral cap, betw. the two escutcheons; in the centre, an escutcheon gu. a lion pass. or, on a rock of three points ar. crowned of the second; over the escutcheon, a count's coronet, for Schoenborn. Supporters, two lions ramp. guard. or, ducally crowned gu.; the dexter supporting a banner of the empire; the sinister, a banner of the house of Austria; the banners fringed and tasselled or. SCHOENBURG, COUNT OF, bendy of four, gu. and ar.— Crest, out of a ducal coronet or, two wings displ. bendy of four gu. and ar.

SCHWARTZBURG, Prince oF, quarterly of eight, four and four; over all, a cross bendy, or, az. and sa.; first and sixth quarters, or, an eagle displ. sa. for Amstadt; second and fifth, ar. the attire of a stag gu. for Sondershausen; third and eighth, Honstein; fourth and seventh, gu. in chief a lion ramp. or, in base four bars of the last, for Lanterberg: on a plain point, which passes over the bottom of the cross or, a hay-fork, in fesse, the points to the dexter side, gu.; under the fork, also in fesse, a rake-head of the last, for Kaefunberg. Over all, in fesse, three escutcheons; viz. in the centre, an escutcheon or, charged with an imperial eagle, thereon an escutcheon ar. charged with a prince's crown or; on the dexter side, an escutcheon az. charged with a lion ramp. crowned or, for Schwartzburg; on the sinister, an escutcheon ar. thereon a stag sa. for Klettenburg. Supporters, a savage man and woman ppr. wreathed about the temples with leaves vert, each holding a banner, per fesse, gu, and ar. Note.-The mantling from the helmets folds over the supporters; that over the dexter supporter being or and sa.; over the sinister, ar. and gu.

SCHWARZENBURG, PRINCE OF, quarterly; first, paly of eight, ar. and az. for Schwarzenburg; second, gu. a chief, indented, ar. for Saltz; third, ar. a fire-brand, in bend, a. lighted ppr.; fourth, or, in base, a Turk's head, lying with the face upwards, thereon a raven, collared ar, picking out the eyes, all ppr.: over all, an escutcheon, per pale, gu, and az. ; on the dexter side, a mount sa, thereon a tower ar. ; on the sinister, three garbs or, for Klettgan. The arms encompassed with the order. of the Golden Fleece. Supporters, two lions or, their heads covered with helmets ppr. grilled or. Sicilies, King of the Two, the shield is divided into three parts paleways; the centre is the principle, and contains three conts, viz. in chief, Castile, impaling Leon; the whole base, the arms of Naples; on the centre, an esentchrom of Anjou; the dexter part divided per fesse : in chef, Parma; in base, Portugal; the sinister part the cost of Tuscany only; the shield encompassed with the order of Mt. Januarius, and surmounted with a royal helmet, crown, &c. Supporters, two lious or; the whole placed under a pavilion or, strewed with the arms of

Castile, Leon, Sicily, and Anjou. On the pavilion, for the crest, a castle, surmounted with the eagle of Sicily. SINTZENDROFF, COUNT OF, quarterly: first and fourth, barry of eight, or and gu.: second and third, ar. on a fesse gu. a goose of the first, issuing out of a coronet or; in chief, an eagle displ. sa.; in base, barry of eight, ar. and az.: over all, an escutcheon, per fesse, the chief gu. charged with a Charlemagne crown; the base, per fesse, az. and gu. thereon a fesse double dancettée ar. SOLM, COUNT OF, quarterly; first and fourth, or, a lion ramp. az. for Solm: second and third, Muntzerburg, impaling quarterly; first and fourth, or, a rose sa. for Wildenfels: second and third, sa. a lion ramp. ar. for Sennenwald.

SPAIN, KING OF, quarterly; first and fourth, Castile ; second and third, Leon: over all, an escutcheon of Anjou. The shield encompassed with the ensign of the order of the Golden Fleece; above the shield, a royal helmet, crowned with the crown of Spain, mantled or, doubled erm. Supporters, two lions or, each holding a banner of the arms of Castile and Leon, quarterly, surmounted with the arms of Anjou. The whole placed under a pavilion, strewed with the arms of Castile, Leon, and Anjou on the top of the pavilion, a crown of Spain, surmounted with a lion ramp. gu. holding in the dexter paw a sword, and in the sinister a mound, or. SPIRE, BISHOPRIC OF, az. a cross ar. STABLO AND MALMEDI ABBEY, two coats impaled; viz. or, on a mount vert, a lamb ar. supporting a crosier gu.; on the mount, a tree of the second, for Stablo: impaling, ar. on a mount vert, a crocodile sa. for Malmedi. STADIAN, COUNT OF, quarterly; first and fourth, sa. three pine-apples vert, two and one: second and third, ar. a cross, couped, gu.: over all, an escutcheou sa. charged with three wolf-traps, fesseways, in pale, or. STOLBERG, COUNT OF, quarterly of twelve coats: first, or, a stag, trippant, sa. for Stolberg; second, or, a lion ramp. double queued sa. for Koenigstein; third, or, an eagle displ. gu. for Rochefort: fourth, ar. two trouts, haurient and respecting each other, gu. for Wernigorode; fifth, Eppstein; sixth, Marck; seventh, Munzenberg; eighth, or, five bars gu. for Aigemont. The other four coats are Hohnstein and Lanterberg, quarterly; viz. first and fourth, Hohnstein; second and third, Lanterberg : on the centre of the four last, Klettenberg.

Note. The four last quartered coats are placed as if impaled with the first eight, but fill only one-third of the escutcheon. STRAHRENBURG, COUNT OF, quarterly; first, per pale, ar. and gu.; second, gu. three bars ar.; over all, a chev. az. (this chev. extends from the bottom to the top of the field) third, gu. an anchor, reversed and cabled, or; fourth, or, a serpent, erect, vert, crowned sa.: on the whole, an escutcheon, per fesse, ar. and gu.; in chief a demi griffin issuant, counter-segreant, az. vomiting flames ppr. STRASBURG, BISHOPRIC OF, quarterly; first and fourth, gu. a bend ar. for Strasburg; second and third, gu. a bend ar. with leaves issuing from each side, of the last, for Alsace.

SULTZBACH, PRINCE OF, bears the same as the Elector Palatine, but differently arranged; first, Bavaria; second, Juliers; third, Cleves; fourth, Berg; fifth, Veldentz; sixth, March; seventh, Ravensburg; eighth, Mors: over all, on an escutcheon, the palatinate of the Rhine.

SWEDEN, KINGDOM OF, quarterly; first and fourth, az. three ducal crowns or, for Sweden; second and third, ar. three sinister bends wavy az.; over all, a lion ramp. gu. crowned or, for the kingdom of the Goths. On the centre of the whole, an escutcheon, quarterly of four; first, Norway; second, Sleswick; third, Holstein; fourth, Stormarie. The escutcheon surmounted with another quarter; first and fourth, Oldenburg; second and third, Delmenhorst. The shield encompassed with the ensigns of the order of the Seraphim, and crowned with a royal crown. Supporters, two lions ramp. or. The whole placed under a pavilion az. strewed with ducal crowns or, bordure fringed, tasselled of the last, and lined with ermine. SWITZERLAND, or THE THIRTEEN CANTONS, REPUBLIC OF, thirteen coats; first, per bend sinister, ar. and az. for Zurich; second, gu. on a bend or, a bear pass. sa. for Bern; third, per pale, ar. and az. for Lucern; fourth, or, a buffalo's head, cabossed, sa. armed gu. in the nostrils an annulet of the last, for Uri; fifth, gu. in the sinister chief point, a cross, couped, ar. for Schweiz; sixth, per fesse, gu. and ar. a double-warded key, in pale, counterchanged, the wards in chief, for UnterWalden; seventh, ar. a fesse az. for Zug; eighth, gu. a pilgrim ppr. habited ar. corded or, for Glarus; ninth, ar. a crosier-case sa. for Basel; tenth, per fesse, sa. and ar. for Freburg; eleventh, per fesse, gu. and ar. for Solothurn; twelfth, ar. a ram, salient, sa. crowned or, for Schafhausen; thirteenth, ar. a bear ramp. sa. armed gu. for Appenzell. These thirteen coats are sometimes quartered in one shield, and sometimes placed as thirteen separate coats, five, five, and three; and they are also surmounted with a large hat. Each canton bears its own coat separately, and each has also one supporter; viz. Zurich, on the dexter side, a lion ramp. in his dexdexter paw a sword, the sinister supporting the shield. Bern, on the sinister side, a bear ramp. sa. girt with a belt, thereto a sword, all ppr. Lucern, on the dexter side, a savage, hands, face, and feet, ppr. all the other parts covered with leaves, girt round the head and waist with laurel, and holding in the dexter hand an oak-branch, all ppr. the sinister supporting the shield. Uri, on the dexter side, a Swiss, habited complete, holding the shield with the sinister hand, and blowing a horn with the other, all ppr. Schweig, on the sinister, a Swiss, in complete armour, on the sinister arm a shield, with the arms of the canton, his dexter arm supporting the shield, and holding also a banner of the arms. Unter-Walden, on the dexter side, a griffin or. Zug, on the sinister side, a Swiss, in complete armour, holding a lance, all ppr. Glarus, on the dexter side, an angel ppr. Basel, on the dexter side, a wivern ppr. Freburg, on the sinister side, a Swiss valet ppr. Solothurn, on the sinister side, a Swiss, in complete armour, holding a banner of the arms, all ppr. Schafhausen, the shield supported by a ram behind, in full aspect, sa. armed ar. Appenzell, behind the shield, a bear, in full aspect, gu. holding the arms in front, from his mouth smoke issuing, ppr. TOUR-TAXIES, PRINCE OF, quarterly; first and fourth, ar. two sceptres, in saltier, gu. at each end a fleur-de-lis or; over all, a tower of the last, issuing from the base port az. for Tour; second and third, or, a lion ramp.

the centre, an escutcheon az. charged with a badger, current, ar.

TRAUN, COUNT OF, per pale, ar. and sa. TRAUTMANSDORFF, COUNT OF, quarterly; first, bendy of six, ar. and gu. for Castlealt; second and third, ar. three hats, in pale, gu. for Hoeltzler; fourth, or, a chief, per pale, gu. and ar.: over all, an escutcheon, per pale, gu. and ar. a rose counterchanged, for Trautmansdorff. TRAUTSON, PRINCE OF, quarterly; first, or, an imperial eagle; on the breast, the letter R, being granted by the Emperor Rodolph; second, gu. a fesse ar.: over all, a falcon, close, ppr. standing on a mount of three points, issuing from the base, vert, for Falchenstein, in Austria: third, ar. on a mount of three points, issuing from the base, sa. a cock of the last, combed, beaked, and membered gu. placed as looking to the sinister side, for the lordship of Sprechenstein: fourth, or, a demi goat, salient, sa. issuing from foliage gu. attired or, for the lordship of Schrovenstein: over all, an escutcheon az. charged with a horse-shoe ar. for Trautson.

TRENT, BISHOPRIC OF, ar. an eagle displ. sa. beaked and armed or; on each wing, a trefoil of the last; on the body, flames of fire, ppr. TRIVULIE, PRINCE OF, two shields conjoined; the dexter, paly of six, or and vert; the sinister, per fesse, or and ar.; over all, a fesse of the last, thereon a lion pass. gu. betw. two palm-branches vert; in chief, an eagle displ. sa. crowned or; in base, three bends gu.; over the shield, a man's head, couped at the neck, triple faced, over the head a large bonnet gu. turned up erm.; betw. the shield, in base, a garb or, banded with a ribbon, the ends flotant, az.

TURKEY, EMPEROR OF, az. a crescent ar. TUSCANY, GRAND DUKE OF, quarterly of eight; first, Hungary; second, Naples; third, Jerusalem; fourth, Arragon; fifth, Modern Anjou; sixth, Guelders; seventh, Juliers; eighth, Barr: over all, an escutcheon of Lorrain, impaling Tuscany. Over the arms, a ducal coronet; thereon, for crest, a bird, holding in the dexter foot a ring, from which hangs a label, or scroll, with the word Semper.

UNITED PROVINCES, SEVEN, first, per fesse, the chief part per pale, az. and or, two lions, combatant, or and sa. crowned gu. for Gilderland; in base, or, a lion ramp. gu. for Zutphen: second, or, a lion ramp. gu. for Holland: third, per fesse or, and barry wavy of six, in base, ar. and az.; in chief, a demi lion, issuant, gu. for Zealand: fourth, per bend, ar. and gu. for Utrecht: fifth, az. billettée or, two lions pass. guard. in pale, of the last, for Friesland: sixth, or, a lion ramp. gu. de bruised with a fesse az. for Overyssel: seventh, or, an eagle displ. with two heads, sa. charged on the breast with an escutcheon of the arms of Austria, for Groningen. The seven escutcheons are commonly placed round an escutcheon gu. changed with a lion ramp. or, crowned of the last, holding in the dexter paw a bundle of arrows, in saltier, ar. which is called the arms of the Union: the whole surrounded with a ducal coronet. They are sometimes placed as quarters in the shield, with the arms of the Union in the centre.-Crest, seven arrows, six in saltier, and one in pale, tied together. They also bear a single supporter on the dexter side, viz. a mau, in armour complete, holding in the hand a bundle of arrows, all

VEHLEN, COUNT OF, or, three partridges, in fesse, gu.Crest, an escutcheon of the arms, betw. two wings displ.

gu.

VENICE, REPUBLIC OF, quarterly of sixteen: first, az. an eagle displ. ar. for Friuli: second, ar. a cross gu. for Padua: third, ar. a cross gu.; in chief, two mullets of eight points of the last, for Jarvis: fourth, az. a cross or; in chief, two demi birds, with wings displ. of the last, for Belluno: fifth, az. a cross or, for Verona: sixth, ar. a lion ramp. az. for Brixen: seventh, gu. a cross ar. for Vincenza: eighth, gu. a tower ar. surmounted with two towers, decliuing to the dexter and sinister, of the last, for Feltrino: ninth, per pale, gu. and or, for Bergamo: tenth, per fesse, gu. and ar. for Cremasco: eleventh, az. a demi bulk of a ship, issuing from the sinister side, or, for Corfe twelfth, az. a hyacinth, flowered ar. stalked and leaved vert, for the isle of Zante: thirteenth, az. a castle, triple-towered, ar. for the Adriatic Territory: fourteenth, vert, a citadel, towered with two towers, surmounted with a lion of Venice, for Rodigina: fifteenth, ar. a cross gu. for Zephalonia: sixteenth, vert, a horse, current, ar. for Kresbo and Absora: on the whole, five escutcheous, disposed in cross: first, in the centre, az. a lion, sejant, guard. winged, and crowned or, round the head, a circle of the last, holding under the sinister paw an open book, on which are the words, Pax tibi, Marce, Evangelista meus; and in his dexter, a sword, erect: over this escutcheon, a doge's cap, for Venice; the escutcheon in chief, Cyprus and Jerusalem quarterly; the escutcheon in base, Candia: that on the dexter side, Istia that on the sinister quarters, four, Dalmatia, Croatia, Esclavonia, Albania; these four last escutcheons ducally crowned or; over the great shield, a doge's cap. Note.-The Republic sometimes assumes a closed crown, on account of the kingdom of Cyprus.

VIRGINIA, STATE OF. See AMERICA. WALDBURG, COUNT OF, quarterly; first and fourth, or, three lions pass. sa. eared, langued, and armed gu. for Souabe; second, az. three pine-apples or, two and one, for Waldburg; third, az. a mount, in base, vert; in chief a sun or, for Sonenburg; on a chief gu. a mound or, as being Master of the Household to the Empire. WALDECK, PRINCE OF, quarterly of nine, three, three, and three; first and ninth, ar. a cross moline gu. for Pyrmont second and eighth, ar. three escutcheons gu. two and one, for Rappolstein; third and seventh, ar. three eagles' heads, couped, sa. two and one, crowned or, for Hoheneck; fourth and sixth, ar. billettée az, a lion ramp. gu, crowned or, for Geroldeck; fifth, left blank for the escutcheon, viz. or, an etoile of eight points sa. for Waldeck.

:

WALDENSTEIN, COUNT OF, quarterly: first and fourth, or, a lion ramp. crowned, az.; second and third, az. a lion ramp. crowned, or; (the lions are placed to face each other); over all, an escutcheon or, charged with an imperial eagle.

WARTENBERG, COUNT OF, ar. on a fesse gu. betw. three torteauxes, a bugle-horn or. Supporters, two young men, habited as Hungarians, each supporting the count's coronet over the arms, and holding in the other hand a club erect, all ppr.

WEID, COUNT OF, quarterly: first and fourth, bendy of eight, or and gu.; over all, a peacock, reguard. for

Weid: second, ar. two pales gu.; a canton az. for Runkell: third, ar. two bars gu. for Neider-Jenburg. WEISSENBURG ABBEY, gu. a citadel ar. surmounted with two towers of the last. WEISSEN-WOLF, COUNT OF, quarterly: first, gu. a wolf, salient, ar. for Weissen - Wolf; second and third, az. a wall, embattled, or, masoned sa. ; fourth, gu. two talbots, ramp. and addorsed, ar. collared and coupled or. WILDGRAVES AND RHINGRAVES, COUNT OF, quarterly; first and fourth, sa. a leopard ramp. guard. ar. for Wildgraves; second and third, or, a lion ramp. gu. crowned az. for Rhingraves: over all, an escutcheon, per pale, viz. gu. three lions ramp. or, two and one, for Kirkburg, impaling two coats per fesse; in chief gu. two salmons, haurient and addorsed, betw. four crosses ar. for Salm; in base, az. a fesse ar. for Vinstringen. WINDISCHGRATZ, COUNT OF, quarterly: first and fourth, gu. a wolf's head, couped, ppr. for Windischgratz; second, sa. three annulets ar. two and one; third, sa. a chev. rompu, ar. joined to a chief of the last, for Wolfsthall: over all, an escutcheon quarterly; first and fourth, gu. a gonfannon ar.; second and third, ar. a bend sinister, sa. the escutcheon surmounted with another, gu. charged with the back bone of a fish, in bend sinister, or, for Gradner. WOLFSTEIN, COUNT OF, or, two lions pass. in ...., gu. WORMS, BISHOPRIC OF, sa. semée of cross crosslets or, a key, in bend, ar. the wards in the dexter point pendant. WURMBRAND, COUNT OF, quarterly: first and fourth, paly of four, gu. and ar.; on each pale gu. three diamonds ppr. fesseways; each pale ar. six pellets in chief, in two rows, three and three; second and third, gu. a cat, springing, ar.: over all, an escutcheon ar. charged with a basilisk, in bend, sa. membered or, flames issuing from the mouth and ears ppr. WURTENBURG, DUKE OF, quarterly; first, bendy fusily, or and sa. for Teek; second, az. a banner, (fixed to a tilting spear, and flotant to the chief,) in bend, or, charged with an imperial eagle, for the dignity of Standard Bearer of the Empire; third, or, two trouts, haurient and addorsed, or, for Mompelgard; fourth, or, an old man's head, couped at the shoulders, in profile, ppr. habited gu. on his head a long cap, hanging down behind, gu. turned up ar. for Heydenheim: over all, an escutcheon or, charged with three stags' horns, fesseways and in pale, sa. for Wurtenburg. On the shield, five belmets: on the first, out of a ducal coronet or, a demi eagle displ. sa. for the dignity of Standard Bearer; on the second, a ducal coronet or, surmounted with a bugle-horn gu. stringed and garnished or, the mouth-piece garnished with feathers ar. az. and gu. for the office of Grand Master of the Hunt, incorporated with Wurtenburg; third, out of a ducal coronet or, a demi young woman, couped at the knees, ppr. habited gu. ducally crowned or, having two trouts affixed to her body, as arms, their heads to her shoulders, of the last, for Mompelgard; fourth, on a wreath, a talbot's bead, bendy fusily, or and sa. for Teek; on the fifth, a bust of an old man, as in the fourth quarter, for Heydenheim.

WURTZBURG, BISHOPRIC OF, quarterly: first and fourth, ar. a chief, indented, gu. for the dukedom of Franconia; second and third, az. a banner, quarterly, gu. and ar. staff or, the banner to the chief. YORK, NEW, State of.

See AMERICA,

by different sovereigns, in celebration of the marriage or accession of a prince, were intended more particularly for the encouragement of their own subjects; although foreigners were occasionally admitted, and especially kings complimented each other by an interchange of the honours of knighthood: thus, Henry II. sent his son to be knighted by Malcolm, King of Scotland; and Edward I. sent his, to the King of Castile. So prevalent was this custom, that there is scarce a prince in Europe, that has not thought fit to institute an order of knighthood. In this country, the permission of the king is necessary to publicly bearing a foreign order; and no English order can be granted but by the king; except the lord lieutenant of Ireland, who, in this respect, exercises the privilege of royalty.

That the spirit of chivalry sometimes rose to an extravagant height, and had often a pernicious tendency, must however be allowed. In Spain, under the influence of a romantic gallantry, it gave birth to a series of wild adventures; for the ardour of redressing wrongs seized many knights so powerfully, that, attended by esquires, they wandered about in search of objects, whose misfortunes and misery required their assistance and succour. And, as ladies more particularly engaged their attention, the relief of unfortunate damsels was the achievement they most courted. This was the rise of knight-errants, whose adventures produced so many romantic novels; but the love of the marvellous came to interfere; fancy was indulged in her wildest exaggerations; and poetry gave her charms to the most monstrous fictions, and to scenes the most unnatural and gigantic; until they were deservedly ridiculed in the character of Don Quixote, &c. In the train of Norman ambition, it extinguished the liberties of England, and deluged Italy with blood; and, at the call of superstition, and as the engine of papal power, it desolated Asia under the banner of the cross. But these ought not to be considered as arguments against an institution laudable in itself, and necessary at the time of its foundation; and those who pretend to despise it, the advocates of ancient barbarism, and of ancient rusticity, ought to remember, that chivalry not only taught mankind to carry the civilities of peace into the operations of war, and to mingle politeness with the use of the sword; but roused the soul from its lethargy; invigorated the human character, even while it softened it; and produced exploits which antiquity cannot parallel. Nor ought they to forget, that it gave variety, elegance, and pleasure, to the intercourse of life, by making women a more essential part of society; and is therefore entitled to our gratitude. Having said so much on chivalry, and also entered at some length, on its influences, &c. in the latter part of the first section in the History of Heraldry, to which the reader is referred, we shall now proceed to give a historical account of the several orders of knighthood, in strict alphabetical arrangement, collected from the best and latest authorities; together with a correct description of their Habits, Collars, Badges, Mottos, &c.

ACRE, ST. JOHN OF. See ST. JOHN OF ACRE. ALCANTARA, a military order in Spain, deriving its origin from the order of St. Julian, or of the Pear-Tree, which was instituted at Pereiro, in the year 1156, under the protection of Ferdinand II. King of Leon, and ratified as a religious order by Pope Alexander III. in the year 1177. From that time, until the city of Alcantara was taken from the Moors, this order of knighthood coutinued to be known by the name of the order of St. Julian ;

but Alphonso, the ninth King of Leon, after taking the city, made Martin Fernandez de Quintana, Grand Master of Calatrava, Governor of it; and, in a few years afterwards, the order of Calatrava gave the city and castle over to the order of St. Julian, then under the Grand Master, Nunno Fernandez, on condition that the same should be held and remain under the subjection of the Grand Master of Calatrava, and his successors.

Alcantara being thus made the chief seat of the order of St. Julian, the knights laid aside the old device of the pear-tree, by which they were distinguished, as well as by the appellation by which they were known, assuming the name of Knights of the Order of Alcantara. They remained subject to the order of Calatrava until the year 1411, when their Grand Master, Don Sanchez de Terreiro, being authorised by Pope Lucius II. threw off all obedience to the superior order, and became independent. After this, the order continued in great estimation, under the Grand Master, elected by the knights, and acquired vast possessions, until 1495, when Don Juan D' Estuniga, who was then Grand Master, being made a cardinal and an archbishop, resigned his office, which Pope Alexander VI. conferred on King Ferdinand of Arragon, and his Queen Isabella of Castile, annexing it unalienably to the Spanish crown for ever. Since that period, the kings of Spain have enjoyed the revenues of the Grand Master, and of the Commanderies, belonging to this order, of which they are called perpetual administrators. It still continues in very high estimation, and is seldom conferred but on persons of the most illustrious and ancient families. The badge of the order is a gold cross flory, enamelled green, and is worn pendent to a broad ribbon on the breast. See Pl. 1, fig. 1. The knights wear a mantle of red silk, on the left side of which there is, embroidered in silver, a star of five points: but this mantle is never worn, except on their great festival at Easter, or on other days of extraordinary ceremony. ALEXANDER ST. See ST. ALEXANDER. ALLIANCE OF SWEDEN, an order instituted in 1527, by Gustavus, King of Sweden, on his marriage with the daughter of the Elector of Brandenburg, but of which nothing more is known.

AMARANTA OF SWEDEN. This order was instituted in 1645, by Christina, Queen of Sweden, daughter of Gustavus Adolphus the Great, in honour of a lady of that name, equally celebrated for beauty and virtue; but the order did not survive the foundress. The ensign of this order was a jewel of gold composed of two A's joined together, adorned with diamonds on both sides, and set within a wreath of laurel-leaves, banded with white, and bearing the motto, Dolce nulla memoria; which was worn, either pendent to a gold chain, or a crimson or blue ribbon, at pleasure. See Pl. 1, fig. 2. ANCIENT NOBELESSE. See LION OF LEMBOURG, ANDREW, ST. See ST. ANDREW. ANNE, ST. See ST. ANNE.

ANNUNCIATION, in Savoy, an order instituted in 1355, by Amadeus VI. Count of Savoy, in memory of Amadeus I. who, by his famous defence of the island of Rhodes against the Turks, gained immortal renown, and achieved the arms since borne by the Dukes of Savoy; gu, a cross It was first denominated the Order of the Collar, but Charles III. surnamed the Good, changed its designation to that of Annunciation, and directed that the

ar.