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Arques (continued).

of, 104; viscounty of, 104; surrendered
to Philip Augustus as surety (1193),
149, 161, 281 n., 295, 346 n. ; entrusted
to John, 147; designed by Philip as
part of his sister's dowry, 159; be-
sieged by Richard, 159; besieged by
Philip (1202), 222, 244, 506; the siege
raised, 224-5, 228; holds out against
Philip (1203), 370, 377, 378; alliance
of Rouen with, 384; surrenders to
Philip (1204), 387, 506; other refer-
ences to, 219, 224 n., 225, 237, 262,
269, 274, 275, 276 n., 280, 281, 282,
292, 295, 388, 511.

officials of; see William Martel,
John of Rouvrai, Geoffrey of Sai,
Robert of Stuteville, Richard the
chaplain. See also Caux

Arras (Atrebatum, Pas-de-Calais), 135;
besieged by Baldwin of Flanders
(1197), 179

arrière-ban, the, 56 n., 310-312 and notes
Arson, 96 and n.

John, 224 and n., 225, 226, 228, 360,
455; imprisoned at Falaise, 231-2,
455-6; negotiations for release of, 231;
John's warning concerning, 231 and
n.; removed to Rouen, 232, 457, 467;
legal position of, 232 n.; uncertainty
about fate of, 456-7; policy of Philip
Augustus concerning (1203), 235;
Philip convinced of his death (1204),
383, 459; murder of, 468, 470, 476
and n.; evidence upon death of, 453
seqq; the traditional story, 454; the
Breton story, 455; the statement of
Louis's proctor (1216), 462; Margam
story, 463-476 passim; the papal view
concerning, 460, 474-5; not a popular
hero, 460; deals with the dispute
between Dol and Tours, 186 n.;
references to death of, 105, 247, 392,
395 n.; other references to, 22, 23,
112, 121, 193 and n., 195, 199 n., 206,
207, 218 n., 247, 380. See also Con-
stance, Eleanor of Brittany
Artificers, 332; see Engineers

Arthur, King, discovery of bones of, Artois, dowry of Isabella of Hainault,

at Glastonbury, 464; as hero of

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‘Angevin” nationalism, 440

Arthur, count or duke of Brittany, son
of Geoffrey and Constance, accepted
at one time as Richard's heir, 132 and
n., 464; Richard and (1198), 181 n. ;
suggested as Richard's successor, 194;
recognised in Anjou and Maine (1199),
195, 196; taken to Paris by Philip,
196 n.; Philip's demands on behalf
of, 198; John makes terms with (Sep.
1199), 199; position of, defined by the
treaty of le Goulet, 200 and n.; does
homage to John, 204; in Philip's care,
ibid.; relations of John and Philip
with (1202), 223, 455, 477-9; knighted
by Philip, 198 n., 223; William des
Roches and, 205; besieges Mirebeau,
36, 223-4; defeated and captured by

gradually added to France, 134-5
Arundel, earldom of, Norman lands of,
confiscated by Philip Augustus, 403;
earl of, 249 n. ; see William of
Aubigni

assisia castellaniae, 271 n.

Assize, in sense of session, 79 n., 86 n.;
possessory, 86, 87 n.; see recognition
Assize of Arms, 34, 311 n., 331; observed
in Poitou, 34 n., 297; copied in France,
327; references to, in reign of John,
310 n.

Astarac, counts of, 31
Athée, Athies (Girard)

Aube Merle, 323 n.; see Aumâle
Aubri, 260 n.

Auch (Gers), archbishopric of, 30; see
Gascony

Aufai (Alphai, Auffay, arr. Dieppe), | auxilium exercitus, 321-4; right to, in a

commune of, 238 n., 313 n.; barony
of, 486

Aufai (John, Richard)

Auge, 487; bailiwick of, 108; viscounty
of, 108, 117, 488; see also Oximin,
new bailiwick of; Pont-Audemer,
Bertram, William de Mara
Augum, see Eu

Aumâle (Alba Malla, Alba Marla, arr.
Neufchâtel), occupied by Philip
(1193), 146; honour of, occupied by
Hugh of Gournai as Philip's vassal
(1194), 161; restored to Richard, 165;
defeat of Richard at, and capture of,
by Philip (June 1196), 165-6; prisoners
captured by Philip at, 166 n. ; position
of, defined in treaty of le Goulet (1200),
203 n.; refugees in Rouen from (1204),
384, 386; castle of, granted to Renaud,
count of Boulogne (1202-4), 166 n.,
220 n., 402 n., 486; other references
370
to, 220 n., 221, 274, 323 n., 332 n.,
Baldwin of

count of, 61;

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see

Aunis, great fief" of, 42

Aunon (Fulk)

Aunon-le-Faucon (arr. Argentan), honour
of, in Normandy, 486-7; Somerset
family of, 487

Austria, duke of, 159; see Leopold

Auteuil (Guy)

Auvergne, 14; early counts of, 14 n.;
appeals from barons of, to French
kings, 26; old centre of Aquitaine,
28; viscounts of, under dukes of
Aquitaine, assume title of count, ibid.;
bishop of Clermont and counts of,
29; King Richard surrenders rights
over,
131

case of parage, 515

auxilium vicecomitis, 61, 63 n., 64 and
n., 81 n.; in Mortain, 71 n., 113; see
graveria

avenagium, 284 n.
Avranches (Abrincae, Manche),

arch-

deaconries of diocese of, 50 and n.;
diocese of, 273; Henry iii demands
diocese of (1229), 396 n.; castle and
city of, 114-5; unfarmed demesne at,
299 n.; entrusted to Randle of Chester
(1203), 379 and n.; captured by the
Bretons (1204), 379, 381; count of,
51 and n.; other references to, 365,
372

Avranchin, the, 380, 512; tenants of,
62; inquest into ducal rights in, 68
and n.; barons of, at judicial assize,
79 n.; viscounties in the pagus of,
50; hereditary viscounty of, 74 n.,
115, 117, 379, 491; its pleas, 118;
called a prepositura, 74 n., 115; baili-
wick of, 114-5; keeper of the pleas
in, 88 n.; under the French kings,
400 n.; bailiff of, 254 n.; see Geoffrey
Duredent

hereditary viscount of, 63; see
Chester, Randle

Avre, river, 146, 202, 265-275 passim,
292, 293 n.; part of Norman frontier,
257, 273, 274; earthworks constructed
by Henry ii along, 274 and n.; de-
fended by fortresses, 292

Avrilli (Avrilliacum, arr. Evreux, c.
Damville), prepositura of, 306
Aymeri of Narbonne, legend of, 58 n.
Azai-le-Rideau (arr. Chinon), 148

B

bachelerii, 329; see Bachelors

auxilium, use of term in Normandy, Bachelors, the class of, 329, 330; en-

347 n.

dowment of, with lands, 330 and n.

Bacquepuits (Bakepuid, arr. Evreux),

250, 254 and n.

Bailiffs, the Norman, and pleas of the
sword, 87 n.; the itinerant judges
and, 88; inquiries into exactions of,
88 and n. See Normandy
Bailiwicks, the Norman, 68 and n. ; and
the archdeaconries, 50; English shires
compared with, 51 and n.; list of,
103-116; Henry ii's organisation of,
71 seqq; administration of justice in,
80, 116; rearrangement of, after 1204,
400 seqq; French administration of,
ibid.

Bailleul (Hugh)

Bailloul (Richard)
Baiocassinus, see Bessin
Bakepuid, see Bacquepuits
Baldoin of Jerusalem, 290 n.
Baldwin v, duke of Hainault, and viii,
count of Flanders (died 1194), marries
sister of Philip of Alsace, count of
Flanders (q.v.), 133; Philip Augustus
marries daughter of, 133-4; count of
Flanders, jure uxoris (1191), 135 and
n.; Philip Augustus makes an alliance
with, 134-6; a prince of the empire,
135; importance of, in 1191-3, 136;
relations of Richard with, 136, 141;
isolated, 136. See Baldwin ix,
Isabella, Margaret
Baldwin ix, count of Flanders, and vi,
duke of Hainault, afterwards em-
peror of Constantinople, son of Bald.
win of Hainault (q.v.), 135 n., 158,
174 n., 214 and n., 428; a vassal and
ally of Richard, 141, 167; makes
peace with Henry of Brabant (1195),
141; supports Philip Augustus (1196),
177; won over by Richard, 177-8;
treaties of Richard and John with
(1197), 178-9 and notes; supports Otto
of Brunswick, 178; besieges Arras,

179; temporary submission to Philip
of (April, 1198), 181 n.; alliance of
John with (1199), 206 n.; position of,
defined in the treaty of le Goulet
(1200), 201; becomes emperor of
Constantinople, 390; uncle of, 214 n.;
chancellor of, 214 n.

Baldwin of Béthune, count of Aumâle,
486; character of, and devotion to
Richard of, 164; sent to Austria,
164-5; becomes count of Aumâle, 165;
accompanies John to England (1203),
249 n.; in Normandy (1204), 382 n.;
advises John on an important matter,
434-5; wife of, 165

Baldwin, constable of Boulogne, 259
Baldwin, chamberlain of Flanders,
328 n.

Baldwin Rastell, husband of Juliana of
Tillières, 516

Baldwin Wake, heir of Négreville,

stays in England, 507
Baldwin, see also Baldoin
balistae, 308, 333 and n.
balistarii, 292 n., 332-5; different senses
of the word, 333; in Radepont, 376;
grants in Normandy to Philip's, 404 n.
See arbalisters, engineers
ballia, baillia, 63; appearance of term,
66, 67; and viscounty, 74
Ballon (arr. le Mans), 199 n.; destroyed
by Philip, 199

Bapaume (Bapalmae, Pas-de-Calais, arr.
Arras), 135

Baqueville (Bakevilla, arr. Dieppe), fief
of, 487 and n. See Martel
Bardolf (Hugh, Thomas)
Barfleur (Barbefluvius, arr. Cherbourg),
246 n., 264 and n., 372, 381; farm of,
114; prepositura of, 264 n.; passage
to, 336 n.; Richard lands at (1194),
148, 149; John leaves Normandy from

(1203), 249 and n.; favour shown by | Baudri of Longchamp, son of Stephen

Henry i to the shipping of, 395

Barill (Peter)

Barils, les (c. Verneuil), 515 n.

Barket (Geoffrey)

Barneville (Eleanor)

Barnstaple (Devonshire), fief of, 518
Baronage, Norman, sense of unity
among the, 49; and the rebellion of
1173, 269; division between the An-
gevin kings and, 439 seqq; cleavage
in, after 1204, 411, 423, 434-5, 482
seqq; consequences of cleavage in,
444 seqq. See Baronies, barons
Baronies, indivisibility of, 58, 445;
service of those which contained both
English and Norman fiefs, 314, 315;
cases of such, after 1204, 482.

Barons, Norman, and Philip Augustus
after 1204, 385-6, 403

barra de Neelfa, 105; see Neaufle

Barres (William des)

of Longchamp, Norman inheritance
of, 490 and n., 491

Baugé (Balgeium, Baugiacum, Maine-
et-Loire), built by Fulk Nerra, 36;
town of, ibid.
Bavelingham (James)

Bayeux (Baiocae, Calvados), arch-
deaconries of diocese of, 50 and n.;
parts of Oximin in diocese of, 77,
108; service due by bishops of, 120 n. ;
knight service of bishops of, 54 n,
56 n., 324 n.; pleas of the sword and
bishops of, 83 n.; castle and preposi
tura of, 110; surrenders to Philip
(1204), 378; bailiwick of, under the
French kings, 400 and n.; other
references to, 249 and n., 269, 347;
prepositus of, see John Bernard

See also Bessin

Béarn, custumal of, 25 n.; viscounts of,

31

Bartholomew, clerk of the royal Beati Florentii, monasterium quod

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56

373 n., 503; in ducal hands, 107, | Benefices, reversion to system of, under
279 n.; Richard captures castle of John, 328; see beneficium
(1194), 152 and n.; Richard destroys beneficium, the Normans and the, 52-4,
the keep, ibid.; betrayed to Philip
Augustus by Peter of Meulan (1203),
238, 504 n.; Guy de la Roche and,
416; tenants of, 495, 500; see Fon-
tenai, Harcourt

Beauvais (Belvacum, Oise), 178; fiefs of
Gournai in diocese of, 163, 265, 442 n.,
498; a poet of, 164; bishop of, see
Philip of Dreux

Beauvaisis, 265, 442 n.; see Beauvais
Beauvoir (Bealveer, Bellum Videre, arr.
Mamers), in Maine, Henry ii creates
town of, 285 n.
Beauvoir-en-Lions (Bellum Videre, arr.
Neufchâtel-en-Bray), 293; castle of,
105; repairs at (1180), 277; officium
of, occupied by Hugh of Gournai as
Philip's vassal (1194), 161; restored
by Philip to Richard (1196), ibid.;
castellan of, see Enguerrand the
Porter

Bec (Beccus, arr. Bernay), 83, 236 n.,
464, 467; Philip Augustus said to
have met an English embassy at
(1204), 383 n.; John seizes English
lands of abbot of, 425 n.

Bec (Henry)

Beelveer, see Beauvoir

Belboeuf (arr. Rouen), 256

Bellême (Robert)

Bennenges (William)

Benon (arr. La Rochelle), prepositura
of, 42

Benouville (Bernovilla, arr. le Havre),
revenues of, 104

Bensington (Oxfordshire), 500
Berengaria of Navarre, queen of
England, wife of Richard, 148, 157 n.,
212; importance of marriage of, 129;
temporary alienation from Richard of,
157; dower of, 76 n., 215, 349 n.; re-
ceives le Mans from Philip Augustus,
402 and n.; brother of, see Sancho,
king of Navarre; see also Falaise
Berkeley (Robert)
Berlinges (Sussex), 498
Bernay (Bernaium, Eure), 355 n.
Bernard (John)

Bernard du Plessis, 253 n.
Bernard of Saint-Valéry, 133 n.
Bernard the scribe, 85 n.
Bernard, see "Silly Bernard
Bernera, laird of, 411
Berners (Herbert)

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Bernienville (Bernoivilla, arr. Evreux),
250, 254 and n.

Bernières (Berneriae, arr. Louviers),

375; camp of Philip at (1203), 376
Bernoivilla, see Bernienville

Bellême (Bellismae, arr. Mortagne), 234, Berri, 14, 203; old centre of Aquitaine,

273, 274

Bellencombre (arr. Dieppe), 370 n., 371,
511, 517; situation and importance
of, 282; fief of Earl Warenne, 506
Bellum Castrum de Rupe, 174 n.; see
Château-Gaillard

Bellum Videre, see Beauvoir

Bellus Mons, see Beaumont-le-Roger
Belvais, see Beauvais

28; divided between France and
Poitou, 28, 131; Henry ii claims
whole of, 30, 131; in the treaty of
Messina, 131; Richard and the barons
of Poitevin (1196), 167; French kings
and barons of Poitevin, 15, 26, 129
Bertin (Peter)

Bertram (Robert)

Bertram, Norman family of, 62, 350 n.,

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