MORTEMER. The castle of Mortemer (Seine-Inferieure, arr. Neufchâtel) had been taken from the family of Mortemer by the Conqueror and given to William of Warenne (Stapleton II, cxx-cxxi). It remained one of the chief seats of the honour of Warenne in Normandy until 1202, when it was taken by Philip and given to Renaud of Boulogne (above, p. 221). In 1204 Philip resumed possession of it (C.N., no. 93; Actes, no. 884; above, p. 404), and it became part of the demesne (C.N., no. 209). On June 4, 1202, John gave to the young Earl Warenne as much of Renaud of Boulogne's land at Lillebonne, as Renaud possessed of his (R.N., 47).

The other fiefs of the Earl Warenne were confiscated by Philip in 1204 (C.N., no. 113). They comprised Bellencombre and various lands in Caux and other districts of Normandy (cf. H. de F., 643a, 714h). Varenne, which gave its name to this great Anglo-Norman family, is situated near Bellencombre (arr. Dieppe).

On the Earl Warenne of 1204 see above, pp. 225, 435.
See Saint-Victor.

MORTEMER, William of: This great official, who had defended Verneuil in 1194 and Arques in 1202 (above, pp. 151, 224) and was in 1203 bailiff of La Londe and of Caux (Stapleton, II, cclx) joined Philip Augustus after the capitulation of Arques in 1204 ̊ (C.N., nos. 124, 230). He was alive in 1217 (Jugements, p. 291 note). He was a tenant of the honour of Montfort (Stapleton, II, cclx) and of Breteuil (H. de F., 714f) as well as in Caux. See H. de F., 644m, 6451, 710e.

MOUTIERS-HUBERT. Moutiers-Hubert (Calvados) lies just on the border of the department in the old archdeaconry of Gacé (Stapleton I, cxxi). It was the caput of the honour of Hugh Paynell, who in 1172 owed the service of 5 knights and had 6 in his service (R.B., ii, 627). In 1180 his son Peter was a debtor for a fine of £500 ' pro terra patris sui ' (Rot. Scacc., i, 89). Hugh, according to Stapleton (1.c.) had taken the vows of a monk. By 1204 Peter had apparently been succeeded by another Hugh. Philip Augustus added the honour to his demesne (C.N., no. 113). References to the fiefs of Hugh Paynell are to be found in

the list of 1220 (H. de F., 616g, 621d), and in earlier documents (Ibid, 706b,h, 709d, 710c,d, 715b).

Peter granted his manor of West Rasen in Lincolnshire to his brother William (Stapleton I, cxxi). For West Rasen see Rot. Claus., i, 4b; Testa, 316b; Rot. de Fin., 247, 277. Distinguish the Hugh Paynell of Drax (Banks, op. cit., i, 156).

MOYON. In 1172 William of Moyon (Manche, arr. St. Lô) owed the service of 5 knights and had 11 knights in his service (R.B., ii, 629). In 1204 Reginald of Moyon remained with John, and Moyon was granted to Guérin of Glapion (Actes, 817B). After Guérin's disgrace, the king had the honour (H. de F., 611g).

The seat of the English honour of Moyon was at Dunster in Somerset (Stapleton II, ix-xi; Testa, 167).

Moyon charters in Round, Calendar, pp. 173-8, 282-3.

NEGREVILLE. Négreville (Manche, arr. Valognes) was the seat of the Norman honour of the Wake family. According to the Scripta de feodis, it was held about 1220 by the count of Ponthieu (H. de F., 608h, 612d; Stapleton II, clxxxi). In 1204 the heir was Baldwin Wake, whose mother was the daughter of William du Hommet, the constable. The constable had bought the wardship of the English and Norman lands for 1000 marks in 1201 (Rot. de Fin., 169; Stapleton II, clxxx).

Baldwin's English lands lay in Lincolnshire (Testa, 339b, 340). He chose to stay in England after 1204 (cf. Rot. Claus., i, 6).

NEHOU. Néhou (Manche) had come to the Vernon family from that of Réviers or Redvers (Round, Calendar, p. 314; Stapleton II, cclxix seqq.). In 1172 Richard of Vernon, in addition to his honour of Vernon held Néhou by the service of 10 knights and had 30 knights in his service (R.B., ii, 630). His grandson Richard, who lost Vernon in 1195 (above, pp. 161, 162), retained Néhou after the loss of Normandy (H. de F., 609h; cf. C.N., no. 204). For later charters of his family see C.N., no. 520n.

The English head of the Vernon family was earl of the Isle of Wight in 1204 (Stapleton II, cxlv).

Distinguish the Norman Richard of Vernon from the Richard of Vernon who held lands in Derbyshire and Buckinghamshire (R.B., ii, 584).

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NEUBOURG. In 1172 Henry of Neubourg owed the service of 10 knights and had 15'/,. in his service (R.B., ii, 630). His heir is mentioned on the exchequer roll of 1198 (Rot. Scacc., ii, 462). This Henry of Neubourg joined Philip (cf. C.N., nos. 205, 230). In the Testa, 128, there is a reference to lands in Berkshire which had once belonged to him.

In 1220 the lord of Neubourg held only 2 knights' fees at Neubourg (H. de F., 636a). The main strength of Henry lay at Annebecq (Calvados, arr. Vire).1 In 1220 he stated that he owed the service of 2 knights and possessed 223 knights' fees at Annebecq (H. de F., 618m). In 1195, perhaps in the minority of the lord of Neubourg, this land seems to have been in the hands of Guérin of Glapion (Rot. Scacc., i, 246); and in the year 1202 the honour of Neubourg was also at King John's disposal, either through the minority or the young lord's defection (see the reference to Neubourg and Annebecq in Stapleton I, clxix; II, lxx; R.N., 56; 52, 53, 60).

NONANT. In 1172 two members of the family of Nonant (Orne, arr. Argentan) held fiefs of the duke (R.B., ii, 630, 632; H. de F., 695d,j). 2 The more important of these was Guy who held 11 fees by the service of one knight. In the Feoda Normanniae, compiled shortly after 1204, Henry of Nonant, Guy's successor, is said to have held 6 fees by the service of 1, and Renaud 4 by the same service (Ibid, 706e). The king had the barony of Henry, but Guérin of Glapion had received some of his outlying lands to the

1. Stapleton erroneously identifies it with St. Georges-d'Annebecq (Orne, near Briouze).

2. According to the Red Book (ii, 630, 632) three persons of this name held fiefs. Roger held 114, John 31⁄2 and Guy 11 fees, each by the service of one knight. But in the text preserved by Register A, the entry concerning John is omitted, and Roger's 11 fees are given as 34. It looks as though the Red Book had confused the entries, and that Guy and Roger were the only tenants.

extent of 4, fiefs (Ibid, 620b,c).1 All these, with the exception of Renaud's lands, were in the king's hands in 1220 (Ibid, 620b, 636e,f). Renaud apparently handed on his fief to the barons of Nonant who are found in Normandy during the thirteenth century (e.g., Ibid, 756j).

Henry of Nonant's ancestors were lords of Totnes in Devonshire. Henry stayed in England. The English honour was divided between him and Reginald of Briouze. Henry was apparently dead in 1207 (Rot. Claus., i, 80). See also V.C.H., Devon, i, 559. In 1212 Henry FitzCount had Totnes (Testa, 195).

OLLONDE. Ollonde (Manche, arr. Coutances) was the seat of the honour of the Norman family of Mandeville (Magnavilla). For their ancestry see Stapleton II, clxxxviii-cxc; and the Montebourg charters in Round, Calendar, pp. 313 seqq.

In 1172 Roger of Mandeville owed the service of 21 knights and had the service of 3 (R.B., ii, 635). His son William died between 1195 and 1198 (Rot. Scacc., i, 144; ii, 476, 479). William's daughter and heiress, Joan, was given in marriage with her lands to Matthew FitzHerbert (R.N., 51, 96; cf. Round, Calendar, p. 316). After the separation Matthew FitzHerbert and his successors became lords of the English lands, of which the caput was Earlstoke in Wiltshire (cf. Testa, 150, and R.B., ii, 483). Ollonde was given by Philip Augustus to Richard of Argences (C.N., no. 121) and was held in 1220 by William of Argences (H. de F., 608d, 609a,j, 611f).

ORBEC. In 1172 the honour of Orbec (Calvados, arr. Lisieux) was held by Robert of Montfort (see Montfort), but it was originally in the possession of the family of Clare, and came back to the family in the reign of Henry II. It was

9

1. If Henry's six fees near Nonant (detailed, p. 636f, g) are added to the 42/, fees which are detailed as having gone to Guérin of Glapion, and to the extra fee (41⁄2 instead of 3) which had gone between 1172 and 1204 to Renaud of Nonant (cf. 636e) we have 112/,, approximately the 114 which belonged to Guy in 1172. This calculation assumes that Renaud was Roger's successor, and that Roger had only held 31⁄2 fees. See the last note.

the seat of William the Marshal's honour in Normandy, and was retained by him in 1204-5 (C.N., no. 74; H. de F., 708e; above, p. 383).

PAVILLY. In 1172 Roger of Pavilly (Seine Inferieure, arr

Rouen) owed the service of 2 knights (R.B., ii, 632). He also owed service at Lions (p. 636). His successor, in 1204, was Thomas of Pavilly, who after joining in the capitulation of Rouen (Teulet, Layettes, i, 250) remained in Normandy (C.N., no. 124). On his fief see H. de F., 615h, 707g. The Wiltshire family of this name was by this time distinct. It was connected, however, with the Malets of Graville (Stapleton II, cxliii note; Rot. Fin., 49).

PREAUX. In 1204 John of Préaux was lord of Préaux (SeineInferieure, arr. Rouen). He was the eldest of a large family of brothers, the sons of Osbert of Préaux, and he often appears in official records before and after 1204 (cf. C.N., nos. 124, 167, 204, 230; H. de F., 684f, 707h; Stapleton II, Index, s.v.). In 1220, the fief was held by Peter, presumably the son of John; also three knights' fees. The description of his fief shows that, apart from his demesne, 7 knights' fees were held of him (H. de F., p. 614j).

John's English lands were confiscated (R.N., 135, 138, 140, 142; cf. Rot. Claus., i, 6.) In 1218 he received favours from Henry III, but perhaps only as Philip Augustus's envoy (Rot. Claus., i, 227b, 272, 285b; cf. Rot. Pat., 140b).

Peter of Préaux, the best known of the brothers, as a friend of King John, was one of the most important persons in Normandy in 1204 after the seneschal. See above, pp. 384-6. He died between 1207 and 1212, and apparently joined John in England in the former year if not earlier (Rot. Pat., 68, 69b; Rot. Claus., i, 51b, 79b, 89b, 96; Stapleton II, ccxxxi).

For William of Préaux, see Graville.

ROUMARE. In 1172 William of Roumare owed the service of 14 knights for his various fiefs in the Roumois. This service was given at the castle of Neufmarché; "et si Dux mandaverit eum alibi, ibit cum iii milibibus vel cum iiii (R.B., ii, 628). This definition of William's service was due to the fact that the Conqueror had granted a moiety of the custody of Neufmarché to his ancestor, Gerold the