ARGENCES, Richard of. Richard, who had farmed the honour of Evreux in 1198, had joined Philip Augustus in 1202 (above, pp. 259, 306-9). He figures in the court of the Exchequer between 1209 and 1215 (Jugements, p. 251 note, and no. 153; see also C.N., nos. 124, 230). In May 1205, Philip endowed him with the important fief of Ollonde (q.v.) and with other lands, including those of the Earl of Arundel at Buevilla' (C.N., no. 121; cf. H. de F., 620).

ARUNDEL, the earl of. The fiefs held by the earl of Arundel in Normandy were added to the ducal demesne by Philip Augustus (C.N., no. 113).

See Argences.

AUFAI. In 1172 Richard of Aufai owed the service of 5 knights, and had 16 knights in his own service (R.B., ii, 627). In 1198, John of Aufai accounted at the Exchequer for the residue of his relief (Rot. Scacc., ii, 422). The barony was divided between the king and William Martel after the conquest (see H. de F., 707 j, 708 a).

John died in or shortly before 1204, leaving a daughter as heiress of his English lands, the chief of which was the manor of Norton in Somerset (Rot. Fin., 224).

AUMALE. The town and castle of Aumâle were occupied two

or three times by Philip Augustus between 1193 and 1204 (above, pp. 146, 165, 166). On the last occasion it was entrusted to Renaud of Boulogne who was afterwards invested with the county (Actes, nos. 884, 1217; C.N., no. 1155).

Baldwin of Béthune, the last count of Aumâle to hold of the independent Norman dukes, was one of John's most faithful friends. See above, pp. 164, 434.

AUNOU. In 1172 Fulk of Aunou (Aunou-le-Faucon, southeast of Argentan) owed the service of 4 knights and had 34 in his service. His son, Fulk, succeeded him about 1195 (Stapleton II, lxxxvii), and, after remaining loyal to John up to the last (cf. R.N., 106) submitted to Philip (H. de F., 619 f; C.N., no. 326).

1. This is the reading of Register A. The R.B. has 24 knights (ii, 641).

For the extensive lands of his family, which included places near Séez, in Auge and the Lieuvin, as well as near Argentan, see Round, Calendar, pp. 148, 155, 210, 243; and Stapleton I, 1xxv, II, cxxxix.

The Somerset family was different. See Testa, 161 b; Collinson, History of Somerset, ii, 421, s.v. Compton-Dando.

BAQUEVILLE. This fief (Seine-Inferieure, arr. Dieppe) was held by the family of Martel. See Round, Calendar, p. 356; cf. Geoffrey de Mandeville, pp. 146, 416. In 1172 Geoffrey Martel owed the service of 2 knights and had 8 in his service (R.B., ii, 629). In 1180 his fief was in the king's hands (Rot. Scacc., i, 92), probably by reason of his heir's minority. William Martel, one of John's officials in 1203 and for a time Constable of Arques (Rot. Pat., 22) joined Philip (C.N., no. 124), and his successors are found as lords of Baqueville (Ibid, no. 1216).1

BEAUFOU. In 1172 Richard of Beaufou (Belfagus, Bellafagus) owed the service of 2 knights and had in his service 62 (R.B., ii, 630). The fief was held by Henry of Beaufou at the time of the conquest of Normandy (H. de F., 635e; R.N., 97).

Several families of this name seem to have been established in England during John's reign; e.g., the Richard of Beaufou who had lands in Oxfordshire (Testa, 101b). The lands occupied after the conquest by Ralf of Beaufou had come by this time to the family of Rie (V.C.H., Norfolk, ii, 20; Blomefield and Parkin, History of the County of Norfolk, v, 1199).

BOHON. There were two branches of this family, descended from the Humphrey of Bohon who, according to Domesday Book, had received Taterford in Norfolk, after the Norman conquest (V.C.H., Norfolk, ii, 184). Both families held extensive lands in England and Normandy, and both chose to remain in England after 1204. For their genealogy see Stapleton II, xxii-xxxvi, and Round, Calendar, p. xlvi.

Bohon. The elder branch of the family owed the service

1. Cf. Anselme, Histoire Genealogique de France, viii, 209. On the other hand, the fief was for a time in the king's hands at a date after 1204, according to an addition in Register A to the list of 1172.

7

of 2/, knights and had in its service 7 knights (R.B., ii,
627). Saint-Georges and Saint-André de Bohon lie in the
marshy district south of Carentan (Manche). In 1204 the
barony was held by Engelger II, in virtue of a very com-
plicated ancestry. His barony of Midhurst, in Sussex, was
the main source of his family's importance in England
(G.E.C., edited Vicary Gibbs, 1912, ii, 199).
Carentan. The younger or Carentan branch of the
family owed the service of 2'/, knights in 1172, and had

that of 2 knights (R.B., ii, 628).

Henry, its representative

in 1204, was created earl of Hereford by John.

In 1220 Bohon and Carentan were in the hands of Philip Augustus (H. de F., 608d, 611b g).

BRICQUEBEC. According to Stapleton (I, xcii) the family of Bertram had its seat in Auge, at Roncheville-le-Bertrand, not at Bricquebec in the Cotentin. In 1180 Robert Bertram farmed the viscounty of Auge, apparently by hereditary right (Rot. Scacc., i, 40). But the main strength of the barony lay in the Cotentin, where in 1172 Robert Bertram had 34 knights in his service, and owed the service of 5 knights (R.B., ii, 629). In 1202 his son, Robert, was a minor. Robert of Thibouville bought the wardship for £6,000 of Anjou (above, p. 351 n). This caused some confusion in 1204, for whereas Philip Augustus seized Robert's lands on the ground that he was in England with John (Round, Calendar, p. 528; C.N., no. 113), John seized his English lands on the ground that Robert of Thibouville, who held the heir, had deserted (R.N., 129).1 In 1207, however, it is clear from the judgments of the Norman Exchequer (Jugements, no. 13) that Philip was respecting the boy's rights. For the state of the fief in 1220, revealing by the royal grants the effects of Robert's minority, see H. de F., 608-9. Later, as the husband of Joan, the daughter of Ralph Tesson, he became lord of Thury (Stapleton, II, lvi, ccx). See also Breard, Cartulaire de Saint-Ymer-en-Auge et de Briquebec (Soc. de l'hist. de Normandie, 1908), p. 183; Stapleton (I, xcii-iii, II, xxviii), and the charters in Round's Calendar, pp. 120, 341, 347, 423, 456.

1. Robert of Thibouville lost his English lands (R. N., 125; Rot. de Fin., 279).

Robert Bertram's English lands were confiscated (R.B., ii, 805; Excerpta e Finibus, Henry III, p. 288). The Bertrams of the north of England, amongst whom the Christian name Robert was common, must be distinguished from the Norman family (e.g., R.B., ii, 563; Rot. de Fin., 478; G.E.C., edited Vicary Gibbs, ii, 159). The Robert Bertram with whom we have been concerned is described as Normannus' by the English records.

BRIOUZE. In 1172 William of Briouze owed the service of three knights for the honour (R.B., ii, 631). In Register A there is no comment upon this entry (H. de F., 695g), but Philip Augustus granted fees of the fief of Briouze in 1222 (C.N., no. 307; cf. no. 283). Briouze (Braosa) between Falaise and Domfront (Orne) was the caput of the Norman fief of the well-known William of Briouze, who is mentioned so frequently in these pages. His history is inextricably connected with that of John. For the genealogy of his family see Round, Calendar, especially pp. xlii-iii, 37-40, 395 seqq.

CAILLY. The history of this fief before and after 1204 is complicated, and is involved with the history of Baudemont, and the families of Longchamp, du Bois, and Vere. Cailly is between Saint-Saens and Rouen (Seine Inferieure).

In 1172 Osbert, son of Roger of Cailly, owed the service of two knights (not 12, as in R.B., ii, 628) and also held two knights' fees in the barony of Saint-Saens (Ibid, p. 641, Eng. Hist. Rev., xxvi, 92). In right of his wife he was lord of Baudemont, a castle in the chatellenie of Vernon, in the Vexin (Stapleton II, cxii). Osbert died between 1189 and 1198.1 He left two daughters, one of whom, Petronilla, was married to Stephen Longchamp, the other, Matilda, to Henry de Vere. It appears that Stephen received Baudemont as well as a share of the honour of Cailly, for in the treaty of Louviers in January 1196, his actual or future possession is secured (C.N., no. 1057, p. 276); but the rights of Matilda were recognised later (Stapleton II, cxvii, note). Henry de Vere died early, and Matilda was in 1204 the wife of Reginald du Bois.

1. A charter of his, dated 1189, is mentioned by Stapleton (II, cxiii). On the exchequer roll of 1198 (ii, 418) Henry de Vere is stated to owe £100 "de relevio terre Osberti de Quaillie."

The English lands attached to Baudemont which came to Osbert of Cailly through his wife, formed the manor and half hundred of Mutford in Suffolk (Ibid, II, cxii, and the passages there quoted).

In 1204 Reginald du Bois took the side of Philip and consequently lost his English lands at Lothingland in Suffolk (Ibid, II, cxiv-v). On the other hand Stephen Longchamp, except for a brief interval in November 1205, retained his lands in England. For a short time Reginald apparently got possession of the Cailly lands in Normandy (Register A; H. de F., 694]), while Stephen received Reginald's English lands and his share of the Baudemont inheritance at Mutford. The other half of Mutford was secured for Henry de Vere's son by Matilda, who was under age (Stapleton II, cxv). But before 1213 Stephen had definitely attached himself to Normandy; he was present at the judgment upon the Tesson inheritance in that year (C.N., no. 230). He is said to have fallen on the French side at Bouvines. In the Scripta his son, Baudri, is said to be in possession of his lands and also of his share in the Cailly inheritance.2 Baudri died before 1223 (see the necrology of the priory of Longueville; H. de F., 434C and note; Jugements, no. 358). The last survivor of these tangled events seems to have been Matilda, who describes herself in 1231 as 'vidua, domina de Cailli et de Baudemont' (C.N., no. 1146; p. 313).

The heir of Henry de Vere died young without heirs, and Mutford came back to the crown (Stapleton II, cxvi). 1. The conflicting writs relating to Stephen which are collected by Stapleton (II, cxv-vi) prove this. On Nov. 13, 1205, he was at Rouen (C.N., no. 124; Actes, no. 961).

2. H. de F., 615a; cf. 717c. In the document entitled Feoda Normanniae, which is found in Registers A, B, C, D of Philip Augustus (Ibid, 705), and which obviously dates from the years immediately after the conquest, Stephen Longchamp and Reginald du Bois are said to hold Cailly (707g, cf. 708j), and Baudemont is an escheat, in the hands of Robert of Picquigni, baron of the honour of Vernon (711g, 714b). Robert was the second husband of Hildeburgh of Baudemont, the widow of Osbert of Cailly (Stapleton, II, cxiii note). This document represents a transitory state of things after 1204. In another list Baudri of Longchamp appears as lord of fiefs near Vernon, which would be his in virtue of the Baudemont inheritance (H. de F., 717c).