calling, and then went to assist his mother's brother, Robert Fitz-Stephen, in recovering the lands of Olethan, Killede, and Muscherie-Dunegan, which had been taken possession of by Ralph Fitz-Stephen, the son of Robert. Whether this Ralph was the Chamberlain of Henry II does not appear. These lands were the three cantreds near Cork, towards the east, which fell to the share or lot of Robert Fitz-Stephen, or those rather which he kept in his own hands out of the twenty-four cantreds' comprising the whole kingdom of Cork, which Henry II, when he portioned the country, assigned to the above Robert and one Milo de Cogan. The charter granting this territory is dated about 1177, and the grantees came to an agreement with Dermod, King of Cork, to rent out the whole number, save the seven contiguous to Cork, which they retained in their own possession. These seven cantreds were bounded on the east by the river Blackwater, and of them Milo de Cogan retained the four western as his own portion.

The portioning of the allotted territory occurred in 1179, and is confirmed by Giraldus Cambrensis (Expugnatio Hib., lib. ii, c. 18). This younger brother attended Prince John in 1185, as his secretary, and arrived in Ireland in the same year with his brother Philip. By the inquisition taken after the death of Fitz-Stephen in 1182, it would appear that a moiety of the estates granted to him by the King, had been previously conveyed to Maurice Fitz-Thomas Fitz-Gerald his kinsman, before being created Earl of Desmond,' together with the castle and manor of Dunemarke. The remaining, already named, cantreds in Cork, he gave to Philip de Barri his nephew, who soon afterwards erected thereon the castles of Barry's Court, Shandon, CastleLyons, and Buttevant. Of these, Buttevant in the

A cantred is composed of one hundred villages, both in Wales and Ireland.

2 Desmond signifies in Irish "South Munster" (Smith). It was a county partly of Cork and Kerry.

barony of Orrery, said to derive its name from the warcry or Barry motto, Boutez en avant, was afterwards one of the principal seats of this Anglo-Irish family. They were held by the service of ten knights, under a fcoffment of Fitz-Stephen, and became the splendid seignories of the lords Barry, over which that family so long afterwards exercised the feudal rights. Still, although the Barrys exercised over the estates within their seignories a more than despotic sway, levying on the freeholders' produce, so called "coyne and livery," they were themselves in aftertimes subject to the Earls of Desmond, who claimed to be the chief or paramount lords.

2

In addition to the strongholds named, the Barrys erected other castles in the south and east of the county of Cork; they founded besides and endowed many religious houses, and became so important, that the family gave name to three baronies in that county, those of Barrymore, Barryroe, and Orriria-Barria or Orrery. It has been observed, moreover, by some writer in speaking of the earliest Anglo-Irish colonists, and applies to the family under notice, that their zeal for the English interest was proverbial," at a time the AngloNormans became inore Irish than the Irish themselves." This political state of affairs would not appear to have lasted beyond the Wars of the Roses, when most of the lords or original colonists of Anglo-Norman blood, went back to England in order to assist their friends and kinsmen, and in many cases forsook and abandoned

1 Coin and livery was an iniquitous extortion of ancient times in Ireland, exacted out of the Church lands. The fourth Article of the Synod of Cashel enacts that henceforth the Church lands and pensions of the clergy shall be free from all secular exactions and impositions, and that no lords, earls, or noblemen, or their children, shall take or extort any coin or livery, cosheries, or cuddies, or any such like custom, on the Church lands, etc. The custom is mentioned by Giraldus Cambrensis, which proves that his descendants had very little regard for the prohibition. (Cox, i, p. 25.)

2 Barrymore barony contained 30 parishes, 204 plough-lands, or 79,159 Irish plantation-acres. (Smith's Hist. of Cork, i, p. 154.)

their Irish estates, the native Irish re-possessing themselves thereof, or overrunning them. Of these, the families of the Butlers espoused the cause of the House of York, whilst the Fitz-Geralds that of the Lancastrians. The Barrys were possibly an exception, and remained on their estates, but many quitted Ireland to take part in the civil wars of that period.

We purpose to enumerate the recorded members of the family in order of date, as far as possible, whether in undoubted direct descent, or unauthenticated as to their identity in the pedigree.

A.D. 1169, 1185 (15 Hen. II, 31 Hen. II). Robert, the eldest son (ut supra), accompanied Fitz-Stephen to Ireland; was wounded at the siege of Wexford, and subsequently killed at the taking of Lismore in 1185.

A.D. 1140, 1166, 1185 (31 Hen. II). Philip de Barri appears to have succeeded his father before 1166 (Ang. Sac., ii, 469). He was the second son by the second marriage, and passed over to Ireland on the above occasion to assist his uncle in recovering the estates or cantreds in Cork, which Henry II had allotted to him, and dispossessing the usurper of them. He married, according to Ang. Sac., ii, 468, a daughter of Richard Fitz Tancred, lord of Haverford.

A.D. 1146, 1185 (12 Stephen, 31 Hen. II). Giraldus Cambrensis, youngest son of William de Barri, of whom postea.

A.D. 1207 (8 John). William de Barri, son and heir of the foregoing Philip de Barri, is identified by King John's charter confirming to him the donation of the three cantreds in Cork, i.e, Olethan, Muscherie-Dunegan, and Killede, made by Robert Fitz-Stephen to his father Philip de Barri.

The witnesses to this confirmation of his lands in Corcaia", were T., Bishop of Norwich; David, Bishop of Waterford; Simon, Bishop of Meath; Meyler FitzHenry, justiciary of Ireland; John Marshall; Philip de Prendegast; David de Rupe; Ranulph, earl of Chester; Saier, Earl of Winchester; Robert de Veteripont; H. de Nevil'; Geoffrey de Nevil'. (Woodstock, Chart., John, m. 5.)

1 Olethan was a cantred in the castern extremity of Barrymore and in many records is named "Ivelhehan". The Barrys, its owners, were for some time called Lords Barry of Castlelehan.

The evidences of William, third in descent from William of Manorbeer are numerous, being identified by his attestation to several charters of that period. In view of the identity of the Irish and Pembrokeshire stock, it might possibly be further worthy of note, that the several deeds are tested in England. William de Barri is witness to the grant made to Richard de Latimer of lands in co. Dublin (tested at Woodstock, 9 John, m. 5); to the grant to David de Rupe (Roche) of the cantred of Rosselither (Woodstock, 8th Nov., 9 John, m. 5); to the grant to the four brothers FitzPhilip, of the cantred in which Dunlehoth is situated (Woodstock, chart., 9 John, m. 5); to grant made to Eustace de Rupe of three carrucates in the honour of Luske, by the service of half a knight's fee, to be rendered by guarding the King's city of Dublin (tested at Woodstock, 9th Nov., chart., 9 John, m. 5); to Jordan Lochard of Kilsanehan (Woodstock, 8th Nov., chart., 9 John, m. 5); to Richard de Cogan of the cantred Muscry Omittone (Woodstock, 9 John); to Philip de Prendegast of forty knights' fees (Woodstock, 9 John, m. 5); to Gilbert de Angulo of a cantred in Estyre (Tewkesbury, 12th Nov., chart., 9 John, m. 5). He witnessed further with Geoffrey Fitz-Peter, Earl of Essex; Ranulph, Earl of Chester; Saier de Quency, Earl of Winchester; and others, the grant and confirmation of divers lands to the convent of St. Mary of Grane and the nuns there, the gift of Walter de Ridelesford (Tewkesbury, 12th Nov., chart., 9 John, m. 5). He was also witness to other charters of the same period.1

A.D. 1210 (12 John), Simon de Barri. Prest (pay) made to knights at the mead near the water called Struthe, on Wednesday (July 7), before W. Earl of Salisbury, and Richard de Mariscis. Among the names of knights mentioned is the above Simon de Barri, who, from the date, was possibly a brother of William, for the next following entry has every appearance of being his

son.

1 See Sweetman, Calendar (Irish documents).

A.D, 1221 (5 Hen. III). Eleven years later, viz. in 1221, we find Odo de Barri, who must have succeeded to the principal estates, for he is named with Kathel, King of Connaught; O., King of Keneleon; Dermot Macarthi, and other chief men in Ireland, as recipient of a letter (similar to one addressed to Thomas Fitz-Anthony), in which the King (Henry III) complains that since the death of King John (his father), he has received nothing whatever from the demesne-lands, rents of assize, or escheats of Ireland. (Westminster, July 17; Close Roll, 5 Hen. III, p. 1, m. 6, dorso.)

A.D. 1229 (14 Hen. III). Philip de Barri; mandate to the Justiciary of Ireland that the following knights, whom the King commanded to come with horses and arms, for his passage across the sea, remain in Ireland during the Justiciary's absence. (Close Roll, 14 Hen. III, p. 1, m. 15, dorso.)

A.D. 1235 (19 Hen. III). Odo de Barri; ostensibly the above. The King writes to Hugh de Lacy, Earl of Ulster, and others (among whom are Odo de Barri and David de Barri), thanking them for their services, and for remaining faithful to him while. others recede from their fealty, etc. (Close, 19 Hen. III, p 2, m. 1.)

A.D. 1237 (21 Hen. III). Robert de Barri, according to some, founded and endowed the Augustinian Abbey of Ballybeg, near Buttevant, dedicating it to St. Thomas. Nevertheless, other testimony assigns its foundation to his grandfather, Philip, in 1229.

A.D. 1237 (21 Henry III). Philip de Barri is by the same. authority said to have founded a priory for Dominicans on a site in Cork, now called Crosses Green. He is also said to have erected Ballybeg Abbey, the foundation of which is also attributed to Philip de Barri, the great-grandfather of the Lord Justice of Ireland in 1267.

A.D. 1234 (18 Hen. III), David de Barri had a grant of a market at Buttevant. Was killed 1262.

A.D. 1237 (21 Hen. III), Philip de Barri; the same, probably, with the foregoing, and brother of David. Mandate to Maurice Fitz-Gerald, Justiciary of Ireland, to cause Philip de Barri to be brought under judgment of the Exchequer for debts from him, by summons of that Court. (Woodstock; Close Roll, 21 Hen. III, m. 7.)

A.D. 1245 (29 Hen. III). Walter de Barri was a juror on inquisition taken by command of the King to the justiciary of Ireland, as to what lands Donatus, Bishop of Killaloe, had been deprived of; or as to whether the lands of Roscrea ought to

1 History of Ireland, MacGeoghegan, p. 303.