other with such rapidity, that credit can scarcely be given to the fact, that forty years ago, the places now enlivened by cities, towns, villages and all the active bustle of society, were shadowed by ancient forests, reechoing with the howls of ferocious animals-the more

not sufficient to give them the comforts of life in other parts of the world. The soil of this country is so extremely fertile and our distance from market is so great that the necessaries of life are very plentiful and cheap, and a small annual income will supply a family very comfortably. There are, however, few or no ways open for a rapid accumulation of wealth; and speculations for that purpose have been tried very extensively and have failed in almost every instance. Our society is composed of emigrants from all parts of the United States, and the British dominions; and we have more men among us of liberal education, polished manners, and good talents, than are generally expected to be found in so new a country.

Our climate is unfavourable to children, particularly those from a colder climate, for adults it is probably as healthy as any part of the United States. It is always found that a fertile soil in a new country is sickly for a time. A few years will probably render this part of the country as healthy as any part of the world, as every thing is favourable, except the recent state of cultivation, every aditional year of improvment adds to the salubrity of the country.

1 shall be pleased to hear from you as occasions may offer, and if I can afford you any service in this remote quarter of the globe it will give me pleasure to receive your commands.

I remain, dear Sir,

With esteem,

Your obedient Servant,

To Mr. C. Hulbert,

SHREWSBURY.

J. P. FOOTE.

discordant and terrifying yells of savage men, or the sullen roar of mighty rivers rolling their tributary waters to the ocean.

Such is, however, the truth. An immense population, widely extending cultivation, cities and manufactories, a rapidly advancing state of society, and an increasing refinement, are to be found here. A country singularly interesting to the moral, medical and natural philosopher, reaches to vast distances on all sides, and the progress of time will shew, that those who antici. pate the future wealth and strength of this region, have not been mistaken in their views."

The UNITED STATES comprehend an extensive portion of North America; bounded on the south, since the acquisition of the Floridas in 1819, by the gulf of Mexico; on the east by New Brunswick and the Atlantic ocean; on the west by the territory inhabited by the Indians; although, with the exception of Louisiana, there are few settlers to the west of the Mississippi; and on the north and north-west by the river St. Lawrence, and a line drawn through the middle of lakes Ontario, Erie, Huron, and along the northern shore of lake Superior, whence it is prolonged westward into the desert territory of the Indians

In the Michigan territory the settlers, however, are not numerous; and in the north-west territory, bounded by lake Superior on the north, and lake Michigan on the west, population has scarcely begun.

But in the United States the progress of population is much quicker than in the old and long settled countries of Europe. The fertile and unoccupied countries which lie westward, afford an ample expanse, on which the Overflowing population may freely spread itself. So long as there is plenty of vacant ground, provisions must be abundant and cheap, the wages of labour will be high, and these circumstances are an extraordinary stimulus to the increase of inhabitants.

The following topographical table contains a view of the United States, with the divisions of the country into different states:

The population of the United States is at least 10 millions; and, which according to the regular progression, will double itself in 25 years; to which may be added 400,000 Indians.

This extensive territory is diversified by a tolerably equal proportion of hill and valley, and is watered by a great variety of navigable streams. The country is intersected in almost its whole length by the great chain of mountains called the Allegany or Appalachian mountains, which extend 900 miles in length, from near the mouth of the St. Lawrence to the confines of Georgia, and are about 200 miles in breadth.

On the western side of the Allegany chain, the country is spread out into that vast valley which is bounded by the Rocky mountains on the west, and which is from 1200 to 1500, miles in breadth. The great river the Mississippi, which runs generally in a direction from north to south, and falls into the gulf of Mexico, is the common channel through which all the waters of this vast valley flow out into the ocean. The rivers which have their rise on the western declivity of the Allegany range, as well as those which flow from the Rocky mountains, including the great river Missouri, all terminate in this general drain.

For 250 miles above the mouth of the Mississippi, the country is a perfect flat, and it afterwards rises by a gradual ascent. In consequence of this favourable configuration of the ground, vessels may ascend by the course of the Mississippi, the Ohio, and the Allegany rivers, an inclined plane of 2400 miles, to an elevation of 1200 or 1400 feet, without the help either of canals or locks. The advantages of this disposition of the ground for the purpose of commerce and navigation, need hardly be explained. With a greater elevation of the mountains, the streams would have run to the ocean with a rapidity that would have impeded navigation; and a lower elevation wonld not have been sufficient to have poured the surplus waters into the ocean.

Immense and important as the United States of Northern America may appear, some have supposed that the SOUTHERN CONTINENT is destined to be more than its rival.

The following description of the Nations, recently Spanish Colonies, now Independent States, is from the Literary Chronicle, No. 170.

"The nations who have declared themselves indepen

dent, are the empire of Mexico, and the republics of Columbia, Buenos Ayres, Peru, and Chili.

Mexico, including the kingdom of New Mexico and the province of Guatimala, extends from the Pacific Ocean on the south and west, to the uncertain limits of Louisiana and the Gulf of Mexico on the east. The population of Mexico alone, exclusive of New Mexico and Guatimala, was estimated by Humboldt, in 1803, at 6,500,000. Since the beginning of their contest with Spain, the inhabitants of these provinces have taken a census, which may be considered tolerably accurate. They report the numbers to be, in

The city of Mexico, the capital, contains, according to Humboldt, 137,000 inhabitants.

The independence of the Mexican empire was declared on the 24th of August, 1821.

The republic of Columbia consists of the provinces of Venezuela and New Grenada; and probably includes also the neighbouring provinces of Cumana, Guiana, and and Maracaybo. If so, it extends from the Spanish Main on the north, to Buenos Ayres and Peru; and from Dutch Guiana, on the east, to the Pacific Ocean; and contains about 3,500,000 inhabitants. Its principal city is Santa Fe de Bogoda, containing a population of 40,000.

It will be recollected that the provinces of New Grenada separately declared their independence; and, since the year 1808, have maintained a bloodier contest with the arms of Spain, than any of the provinces. On the 19th of December, 1819, they united themselves under one government, on the model of that of the United States, and assumed the name of the Republic of Columbia.'

Buenos Ayres, beginning at the 38th degree of south latitude, extends nearly 1600 miles to the north, where it is bounded by the unknown regions of Amazonfa and Matto-Grosso; and from the Atlantic on the east, about