west. All the remaining seven persons in my house at 26, Broad Street, Hereford, slept comfortably in total ignorance of the event. Mr. John G. Leigh, Editor of the Hereford Times, also familiar, from his residence abroad, with the tremor sensations accompanying an earthquake, states that his bed was rocked as if a heavy vehicle had passed near by, that his windows rattled, and that his house, No. 137, Widemarsh Street, appeared for the moment to tremble. Dr. F. Bainbridge was awake, and testifies to a distinct tremor of his house, Gattonside, Hampton Park, agitating objects on the dressing table, and a pair of scissors on a tray; he adds that distinct and characteristic sounds accompanied the vibratory movements. Mr. Alfred Watkins, residing at The Croft, Hampton Park, distinctly felt the shock which he considered lasted for four or five seconds. All these three give the time between 12.25 and 12.30 a.m. I have received more details of the shock from Mr. Thomas Bailey, railway signalman, writing from Rose Cottage, Wharton, near Leominster. He was seated on a chair on the first floor, ten feet above ground. He gives the time 12.27 a.m., the shock was continual (not varying) for the duration of five or six seconds. He describes it as a trembling motion which came suddenly and passed gradually away, having an intensity strong enough to make windows and doors rattle and to shake his chair. He compares the accompanying sound to the rumbling of distant heavy thunder in the earth itself and not above the earth. After the shaking of his cabin he ceased to hear any rumbling noise. He telegraphed to the signalman in charge at Ford Bridge, asking him if he felt the shock, and the reply was that he did. At Leominster cabin station nothing was felt or heard. Leominster is about three miles north, and Ford Bridge is about one mile south, of the signalman's position. Thomas Bailey gave the direction of the shock as proceeding from the south, thence travelling in a north-westerly course. From reports in the newspapers the greatest intensity of this earthquake was felt in Pembrokeshire. It was felt in the counties of Pembroke, Carmarthen, Cardigan, Glamorgan, Monmouth, Somerset, Cornwall, Gloucester, Hereford, Radnor, and Salop. It extended as far east as Taunton, and as far west as Penzance. Moreover, the newspapers report that a double shock was felt at Greystones, near Dublin, of sufficient intensity to shake houses and to alarm inhabitants so much as to cause some of them to leave their beds. A remarkable tidal wave occurred in the river Dart on Wednesday, August 17th, and recurred several times on the following day, 18th, presumably due to the earthquake. We have the opinion of Sir Robert Ball, the Astronomer Royal for Ireland, that earthquakes may be due to steam generated by the percolation of water through fissures within the earth's crust coming in contact with the molten mass underneath this crust. However they may be caused, that they are closely allied to volcanoes is known from the facts that : 1. Earth tremors occur most frequently in volcanic districts. 2. Earth tremors often precede volcanic outbursts. 3. Earth tremors of a district often suddenly cease on the outburst of a neighbouring volcano, the opening of the crater apparently acting as a safety-valve. A systematic collection of reports from various places is to be recommended. The time, particularly to the very minute or second, if possible, is of importance. The duration of the shock, the direction it came from and that of its course should be especially noted. In order that members may be prepared with a set of questions to be answered and forwarded to the Honorary Secretary in the event of another visitation of an earthquake, I subjoin below a copy furnished by Mr. Davison. 1. Name of the Place where the shock was felt. 2. Situation of the Observer: (a.) house) or in the open air. (b.) 3. Whether indoors (and on which floor of the Time at which the shock was felt, if possible, to the nearest minute. 4. Nature of the Shock: (a.) Was any tremulous motion felt before the principal vibrations, and for how many seconds? (b.) How many principal or prominent vibrations were felt, and for how many seconds did they last? (c.) Was any tremulous motion felt after the principal vibrations, and for how many seconds? (d.) Did the movement gradually increase in intensity and then die away, or were there several maxima of intensity? (e.) Were the principal vibrations strongest near the beginning, the middle, or the end, of the series? (f.) Was any vertical motion perceptible, and, if so, was the movement first upward and then downward, or vice versâ? 5. Duration of the Shock in seconds, not including that of the accompanying sound. 6. Intensity of Shock: Was it strong enough: (a.) To make windows, doors, fire-irons, &c., rattle? (b.) To cause the chair or bed on which the observer was resting to be perceptibly raised or moved; (c.) To make chandeliers, pictures, &c., swing, or to stop clocks; (d.) To overthrow ornaments, vases, &c., or cause plaster to fall from the ceiling; (e.) To throw down chimneys, or make cracks in the walls of buildings? 7. Sound Phenomena: (a.) Was any unusual rumbling sound heard at the time of the shock, and, if so, what did it resemble? (b.) Did the beginning of the sound precede, coincide with, or follow, the beginning of the shock, and by how many seconds? (c.) Did the end of the sound precede, coincide with, or follow the end of the shock, and by how many seconds? (d.) Did the sound become gradually louder and then die away? (e.) Were the principal vibrations felt before, at, or after the instant when the sound was loudest? (f.) Could any estimate be formed of the intensity of the sound when loudest by comparison with that of some well-known sound at a given distance? 8. The Names of any other Places where the earthquake was noticed would be most useful, together with answers for each place (if possible) to the following questions. (a.) Was the shock felt? (b.) Was it strong enough to make doors, windows, fire-irons, &c., rattle? (c.) Was any unusual rumbling sound heard at the time of the shock? 9. If any slight Shocks were felt before or after the principal shock, a list of them with their times of occurrence would be most useful, together with answers for each shock to any of the above questions, especially to Nos. 4, 6, and 7. Woolhope Naturalists' Field Club. FUNGUS FORAY. THE Fungus Foray of 1892, notwithstanding the unfavourable wet weather with which it was accompanied, contributed as many as seventeen species new to the county, including one entirely new to any country, which has been named Agaricus (Omphalia) alutaceus, Cke & Mass. Dr. Cooke, as usual, daily made out the list of the finds, and the additions will be recorded in the "Flora of Herefordshire" when the authors of that work are in a position to publish their supplementary list of the other branches of botany. This season the Club combined with the Fungus Foray a search for Rubi, under the direction of the Rev. Augustin Ley, with the result that some few species have to be added to the ninety already recorded in the "Flora," and in the course of the rambles after Rubi, Mr. Ley discovered a station in Herefordshire for Erythræa pulchella, and one for Epilobium Lamyi. A curious accidental feature in this new departure presented itself in the fact that the first specimen of fungus which found its way to the exhibition was a Marasmius ramealis on a decayed branch of Rubus. The persistent rain on Tuesday much interfered with the operation of exploring the Whitcliff woods, near Ludlow, and on Wednesday the abandonment of the visit to Haywood Forest was attributed to the same cause. These disappointments, however, were lightened by advantageously occupying the period of imprisonment in the classification of the local collection, which was augmented by the contents of a hamper from Guildford, sent by Mr. Howse, and another from Longwitton Hall, Morpeth, sent by Mr. Cecil Sp. Perceval, which contained various Lactarii, the egg stage of Cynophallus caninus, Polyporus melanopus, Russula drimeia, and most interesting of all, Ag. Clitocybe monstrosus, which appears annually in the same locality on the hard ground bordering a road. This classification was carried on chiefly under the superintendence of Mr. Carleton Rae and Mr. John Rose, both of whom are members of the Worcester Naturalists' Field Club, whose presence will be gladly welcomed at future mycological meetings of the Hereford Club. Mr. William Phillips joined the party at Ludlow, and Mr. T. B. Acton and the Rev. J. E. Vize accompanied the party on Thursday, when, under a more genial sky, the foray was carried out over the woods at Dinmore. On the exhibition table were displayed numerous publications on mycological subjects, including Cooke's Illustrations of British Fungi. Upon a large screen were affixed the coloured diagrams from Helsingfors, Finland; and with the object of popularizing the knowledge of the edible fungi, Dr. Cooke's popular work, British Edible Fungi, published in 1891, was placed within the reach of the student, and a tray, in which more than a dozen species were shown, was specially reserved for their exhibition. At the Annual Meeting of the Club, the Rev. Preb. W. H. Lambert, rector of Stoke Edith, was elected Fresident for 1893. A volume of more than four hundred pages of the Transactions of the Woolhope Club from 1886 to 1889, was presented, with the gratifying announcement that the next succeeding volume of Transactions from 1890 to 1892, already in progress, might be expected in 1893, thus bringing all arrears up to date. The Geological Photographs Committee has, at the recommendation of Mr. George H. Piper, F.G.S., suggested the following geological exposures as deserving of being represented by photographs, with the view of being brought before the notice of the Committee in connection with the British Association for the Advancement of Science. It is hoped that the members of the Hereford Amateur Photograph Committee may render assistance by supplying some negatives:1. The Passage Beds from the Old Red Sandstone into the upper Silurian at Ledbury Railway Station; 2. The Ballast-hole at the same station, exhibiting Aymestry limestone and Lower Ludlow formation; 3. The Commos Quarry, at Ledbury, of Lower Ludlow lying conformably upon Wenlock limestone; 4. The Cockshoot, at Woolhope, of Aymestry limestone; 5. The Dormington Quarries of Wenlock limestone; 6. Martin's Quarry, the Pear-tree walk at Ledbury, of Wenlock limestone; 7. Worcester-road, Ledbury, the exposure of Wenlock limestone; 8. Eastnor, the drift at Clencher's Mill; 9. Lowe's Hill, or Loose Hill, Quarry, near the back of Bartestree Convent, exhibiting an upthrust of Diorite. And the following localities and strata connected with the Malvern range of hills; 10. White-leaved Oak, old Gneiss, &c.; 11. Holly Bush Pass, Diorite, Hornblende, &c.; 12. Holly Bush, Eastnor, Cambrian Sandstone; 13. Winds Point, Diorite, Hornblende, Gneiss, &c.; 14. The same exposure at North Malvern. After dinner, at the Green Dragon Hotel, Mr. Cambridge Phillips exhibited what he supposed to be a hybrid of the Red Grouse cock and the Partridge hen, which had been shot near Brecon by Mr. Rees Williams. Next followed a review of the subject of |