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Wool Book VIII. Primuline Yellow. From primuline and phenol.

Wool Book VII.

Acid Colour. 2. Metanil Orange 2. From m-sulphanilic acid and B-naphthol. S. and J. 77.

Wool Book VIII.

Unclassified.

Acid Colour. Xanthoproteic acid. Produced by the action of nitric acid on wool.

Wool Book VIII.

Natural Colouring Matters.

Mordant Colours. Jack-wood (Cr.). Wood of Artocarpus integrifolia.

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Morinda-root (dyed without mordant). Root of Morinda citrifolia. NOTES.-Benzo Orange R becomes yellower during fading; at the end of a year's exposure there remains an olive-yellow of medium intensity. With aluminium and tin mordants the fastness is about the same as with chromium.

Toluylene Orange G and Cotton Yellow G, dyed as acid-colours, were exposed last year and placed in this same class. The fastness of the former is the same with chromium, aluminium, and tin mordants; the fastness of the latter is greatest with chromium.

The comparative fastness of the colour given by Morinda-root without the use of any mordant is somewhat interesting.

The bright orange-yellow colour produced by the action of commercial nitric acid on wool, now known as Xanthoproteïc Acid, was at one time supposed to be identical with Picric Acid. Apart from the very decided difference in shade of the two dyes, these exposure experiments confirm most conclusively the present view that they are distinct colouring matters. Picric Acid yellow rapidly changes from a pure lemon-yellow to orange on exposure to light, whereas the orange-yellow colour due to Xanthoproteic Acid undergoes no such change; it merely becomes in the early stages of fading a little duller and apparently slightly darker. Its behaviour under the influence of light is very similar to that of such colours as Curcumeïn and Azoflavin (reported upon last year), and may possibly indicate that Xanthoproteïc Acid belongs to the class of Nitroazo colours; at present its constitution is entirely unknown.

CLASS IV. FAST COLOURS. (WOOL.)

The colours of this class show comparatively little fading during the first, second, and third periods. At the end of the fourth period of exposure' a pale shade remains, which at the end of the year's exposure still leaves a pale tint.

Wool Book VII.

Azoxy Colours.

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NOTES.-The fastness to light of all the azoxy colours here mentioned is so good that they might be almost equally well placed among the 'very fast' colours.

The Direct Orange 2R here referred to is quite distinct from the colouring matter of the same name mentioned in last year's Report, and there classed as a 'very fugitive' colour.

Cresotin Yellow R and Diamine Yellow N were exposed last year, applied as acid-colours. Here, where they are applied on chromium mordant, they appear to be little or no faster to light; applied on aluminium and tin mordants they are distinctly more fugitive.

CLASS V. VERY FAST. (WOOL.)

The colours of this class show a very gradual fading during the different periods, and even after a year's exposure a moderately good colour remains.

Wool Book VII.

Azoxy Colours.

Direct Cotton 19. Mikado Gold Yellow 2G. Constitution not published.
Colours.

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11. Mikado Yellow, Constitution not published.

13. Direct Yellow G. Sodium salt of di-nitroso-stilbene-disul

phonic-acid.

Constitution not published.
Constitution not published.
Constitution not published.

14. Diamine Fast Yellow A.
15. Mikado Gold Yellow 4G.
16. Mikado Gold Yellow 6G.
17. Direct Yellow 3G. Oxidation product of Direct Yellow G.

Azo Colours.

9. Terra Cotta R. From aniline and salicylic acid (nitrated).
12. Diamine Gold. From di-amido-naphthalene-disulphonic acid
(1:5:3:7) and phenol (ethylated).

5. Hessian Yellow (Cr.). From diamido-stilbene-disulphonic acid
and salicylic acid. S. and J. 154.

6. Chrysamine R (Cr.).

and J. 195.

From o-tolidine and salicylic acid. S.

7. Chrysamine G (Cr.). From benzidine and salicylic acid. S. and

J. 166.

8. Cresotin Yellow G (Cr.). From benzidine and o-cresol-carboxylic acid.

11. Carbazol Yellow (Cr.). From diamido-carbazol and salicylic acid. S. and J. 131.

Oxyketone Colours.

1. Purpurin (Al.) (Sn.).
2. Alizarin (Al.) (Sn.).
3. Anthrapurpurin (Sn.).
4. Flavopurpurin (Sn.).
5. Alizarin S (Al.) (Sn.).
6. Alizarin SS (Al.) (Sn.).
7. Alizarin SSS (Al.) (Sn.).

Sulphonic acid of alizarin.
Sulphonic acid of anthrapurpurin.
Sulphonic acid of flavopurpurin.

Natural Colouring Matters.

1. Sophora japonica (Cr.) (Sn.).
3. Munjeet (Sn.).

4. Morinda-root (Sn.).

5. Madder (Sn.).

6. Chay-root (Sn.).

NOTES.--The following Azo colours, reported upon last year, were exposed after having been applied as acid-colours: Hessian Yellow, Chrysamine R and G, Cresotin Yellow G, and Carbazol Yellow. Those exposed during the past year, and reported upon now, were applied upon chromium mordant. The results now obtained show that all these colours when dyed on chromium mordant are distinctly faster to light than when dyed as acid-colours. An important additional advantage of the chromium colours is that even after a year's exposure the faded colours appear level, showing none of the speckled appearance so frequently noticed with the faded colours dyed by the acid method. When these colours are applied on aluminium and tin mordants they are more fugitive, and may then be classed as 'fast' or 'moderately fast.'

It may be noticed that Madder, Munjeet, and Purpurin give faster colours with tin than with aluminium mordant.

SILK PATTERNS.

All the foregoing colours were also dyed on silk, and the patterns were exposed to light, along with those on wool, with the result that the relative fastness of the various colours was practically the same as on wool.

The only exceptions were the colours obtained from Morinda-root and from Kamála. Morinda yellow, dyed without the aid of any mordant, is much faster on silk than on wool, and although the colour becomes brownish during exposure, it may be classed as 'fast' on silk.

The Indian dyestuff Kamála was reported upon last year and classed as a 'fugitive' colour. This year the orange-yellow colour exposed was obtained by applying it in conjunction with alum, and found to be much faster than the colour obtained by dyeing in a simple alkaline bath (Na,CO). A sample of the rich red-orange colour dyed in India was also exposed. Both dyes examined this year may be classed as 'moderately fast.'

Isomeric Naphthalene Derivatives.-Ninth Report of the Committee, consisting of Professor W. A. TILDEN and Professor H. E. ARMSTRONG. (Drawn up by Professor ARMSTRONG.)

In previous reports reference has frequently been made to the trichloronaphthalenes during the past year Dr. Wynne and the writer have at length completed their examination of this series, and have satisfied themselves of the existence of 14, but only 14, such compounds, which is in accordance with theory. A complete table of the 14 trichloronaphthalenes having been published in the Chemical Society's Proceedings,' No. 151, 1895, p. 85, it is unnecessary here to further refer to them.

It may be mentioned that the series is the largest hitherto known isomeric series.

In completing the work on this subject not only have numerous preparations been required, but it has been necessary also to make many chlorine determinations, and the grant has been expended chiefly on these latter. I am specially indebted to Mr. R. L. Jenks for his assistance in the analytical work.

Wave-length Tables of the Spectra of the Elements and Compounds.-
Report of the Committee, consisting of Sir H. E. ROSCOE (Chairman),
Dr. MARSHALL WATTS (Secretary), Mr. J. N. LOCKYER, Professors
DEWAR, G. D. LIVEING, A. SCHUSTER, W. N. HARTLEY, and
WOLCOTT GIBBS, and Captain ABNEY. (Drawn up by Dr. WATTS.)
TABLE OF STANDARD WAVE-LENGTHS (in air at 20° C. and 760 mm.).
[See Explanatory Note, p. 294.]

Rowland: Astronomy' and 'Astro-Physics,' 1893, xii. 321.

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