river, buried within its deep banks, and traversing one of the wildest districts of Scotland; the mighty ruin of Kildrumie Castle frowns over its northern shore, and it afterwards passes by the towns of Monymusk and Kintore, preserving its original character to the last; even as it approaches the sea, it remains enclosed in a deep hollow, fringed with brush-wood, where a singular bridge of one pointed arch crosses it. The river is not navigable, and its capital of Old Aberdeen (now only celebrated for its university) has yielded to the more modern consequence of its southern neighbour, which the large flourishing port of the Dee has enriched with great commercial advantages. The NORTH and SOUTH ESK, are rivers of Angus; both these streams rise in the Grampian hills, which form a central ridge in this part of the island, terminating in the eastern sea near Aberdeen. They are both rapid rivers, though short in their course, the South Esk flowing eastward, beneath the high eminence crowned with the spires of Brechin, and under the well-planted territory of Kinnaird, with its superb mansion, and expanding into a large basin at last in front of the handsome town of Montrose, before it reaches the sea. The course of the North Esk is through a wilder district, as it divides the counties of Angus and Kincardine, inclining to the south-east, and falling into the sea a few miles north of Montrose. The FORTH is perhaps the most important river of any in Scotland, from the length of its course, the profusion of its commerce, and its proximity to the capital. Its proper rise is in the wild tract of moun tains in the western highlands, at the back of the great Ben-Lomond, towards the north-west extremity of Stirlingshire. A little before it reaches Stirling it is joined by the Teith from the north-west, one branch of which forms Loch Katyern and Loch Vanacher, and the other the Lochs of Doine, Voille, and Lubnich, Before they meet near Callander, and descend together to Doune; the Allan afterwards joins the Forth, flow ing to the south-west from Perthshire by Dumblaine, and the Devon, in the same direction, afterwards from Kinross-shire. The course of these united streams, which altogether form the Forth, is towards the southeast, after the general junction, but with multiplied windings below Stirling. The Firth of Forth is thus formed, which, swelling into a vast expanse, and turning at last somewhat toward the north, divides Edinburgh and its adjacent counties from Fifeshire, and so falls into the German ocean. Neither the Forth nor its auxiliary streams in general are remarkable for rapidity, though they take their origin in a mountainous district, nor is the river itself of any great magnitude, till after the union of its several branches. This happens in a rich and fertile plain, bounded towards the north by the long waving ridge of the Ochill hills, and intersected by the fre quent meanders of the river, whose incessant curves, when viewed from any eminence, exhibit an apparent labyrinth of pools of water, which deceive the eye in seeming distinct from each other. In the centre of this plain, a lofty rock rises abruptly, crowned with the palace and church of Stirling, from which that town descends to the east in a long and steep street. Just where the Forth becomes increased by the tide, the little stream of the Carron descends into it, tinged with the produce of its iron-works, and the great canal from the Clyde joins it, transporting the rich manufactures of Paisley and Glasgow, and the trade of the Western Sea. The forges of Borrostoness, somewhat below the fine remains of. Linlithgow Palace, front the ivyed walls of Culross Abbey, on the opposite side of the expanded basin, a little below the point where the Avon descends from the south into the Forth, which beneath Inverkeithing is narrowed considerably by a promontory from the north, where the great pass of the Queen's Ferry is established, about three miles below the high terrace and superb mansion of Hopeton, The Forth immediately after D wards wards spreads into a vast arm of the sea, as it sweeps between receding shores, beneath the groves of Barnbugle, and receiving the Almond from the south, approaches Leith, the grand and crowded port of Edinburgh. The CLYDE finds its source in the great hills which bound Lanerkshire towards the south, between Elvan Foot and Moffatt, on the high road from Carlisle to Glasgow. Its course, with various windings, is generally north-west to Hamilton and Glasgow, where it receives the tide, entering soon afterwards its Firth, which pursues the same direction till it meets a considerable arm of the sea called Loch Long, united with which it turns to the south, and makes its exit between Ayrshire and the Isle of Bute. The Clyde has several considerable branches, the principal of which are The Douglas Water from the south-west, the Calder from the south-east, the Avon from the south-west, and the Carl flowing by Paisley from the south, united with the Grief of Renfrewshire, neither of which are considerable streams, and the Leven, which falls into it at Dumbarton from Loch Lomond. The Clyde is one of the finest rivers in Scotland, rapid in its origin, and precipitating itself in three picturesque and tremendous falls near Lanerk, the two first of which, called Cora Lyn and Boniton Lyn, are beautifully encompassed by the grounds and plantations laid out by Sir John Lockhart Ross, of which they form the principal ornaments. At Hamilton, it passes through the princely but too level territory, surrounding the Duke of Hamilton's palace; after which it again engulfs itself in a hollow between vast rocks cloathed with brushwood, as it sweeps furiously round the eminence, on which the ruins of Bothwell Castle form the principal feature of the superb seat of Lord Douglas. Emerging from these barriers, the Clyde rolls proudly to Glasgow, which magnificent and flourishing city, with its University, lies spread along along the northern bank of that river, and the eminences which overlook it, presenting a grand assemblage of objects to the wondering traveller as he approaches it. Two magnificent stone bridges cross the Clyde at this city; another also has been lately built at Hamilton, and near Lanerk one, created by the taste and spirit of four neighbouring great landed proprietors, exhibits a beautiful structure. Navigation now adds its consequence to the Clyde, as, crowded with vessels and gradually widening, it divides the counties of Dumbarton and Renfrew, transporting all the riches of Glasgow to the sea; to which the manufactures of the flourishing town of Paisley are added by the Dart, and those of Stirlingshire by the Grand Canal, which joins the Clyde at Kilpatrick, and forms a communication with the capital and interior of Scotland, by means of the Forth.A vast æstuary now opens, as the high double-headed rock, crowned with the castle of Dumbarton, forms an extraordiuary island in frout of its town, far below which Greenock and Port Glasgow appear spread out on the opposite coast, thickly stored with large vessels. Argyleshire, intersected with its vast arms of the sea, now forms the north-western boundary of the Clyde, one of which called Loch Long, descends into that river from the central part of the county, separated only by a small neck of land, from the middle part of Loch Lomond. There the military road divides into two branches, one of which leads northward along the upper parts of Loch Lomond to Crienlarick, where it meets the great road from Tyndrum to Kiitin and Taymouth; the other, crossing to Loch Long, passes round its head, and traversing the dreary heights of Glen-Crow and Glen-Kinlas, descends to Loch Fine, and the delightful county of Inverary. Loch Long is environed with lofty mountains about Arracher, where the Duke of Argyle has converted the seat of the Laird of Mac-Farlane into an excellent inn, delightfully D 9 delightfully situated, almost on the margin of the wa ter. It joins the Clyde just below the point where a smaller arm of the sea, called Loch Gore, descends through a narrow inlet, and where a ferry is established between the village of Row and Rosineath, a seat of the Duke of Argyle. The KYLE, a narrow strait from which two small arms of the sea penetrate into Argyleshire, separates that county from the Isle of Bute, and communicates with the Clyde, near its mouth. An immense bay then is formed, between the Mull of Cantire, at the extremity of the Argyleshire coast, and the opposite promontory of Kirkholm Point in Galloway, starting forth from Loch Ryan, and being the Perigonus sinus of the Romans. The whole coast of Ayrshire forms the eastern side of this great gulph, the centre of which is occupied by the rocky and mountainous Isle of Arran, whose heights appear proudly exalted over the intervening level. Above this bold object, the smaller island of Bute, comparatively flat in its appearance, extends itself almost to the entrance of the Clyde, exhibiting the fine seat of Mount Stuart, belonging to its Marquis. The TIVIOT and the TWEED may properly be called the boundary rivers between England and Scotland, though they certainly appertain more strongly to the latter country; nor does the Tiviot indeed pass at all through England. Its source is in the wild hills near the centre of Roxburghshire, where it flows almost northward to Hawick, inclining afterwards more towards the east, met by the Jed and the Kale, till it joins the Tweed near Kelso. The short course of this rapid stream, after its exit from the bills, is through the beautiful and highly-romantic district of Tiviotdale, profusely adorned with seats, and well sprinkled with villages. The town of Hawick, on the north road, occupies a charming spot over the river at the entrance of that district; and Jedburgh, with its ancient abbey, lies on the hills, about two miles above |