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CONTENTS.

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CHAPTER XIII.-The Portuguese cross the Equator from Guinea to Congo-

John II. conceives the idea of a Route by Sea to the Indies-His Artifices to

prevent the Interference of other Nations-The Overland Journey of Covillam

to India-The Voyage of Bartholomew Diaz-The Doubling of the Tremen-

dous Cape-Its Baptism by the King-Injurious Effects of Success upon Por-

tuguese Ambition.....

CHAPTER XIV.-Birth of Christopher Columbus-His Early Life and Educa-

tion-His First Voyage-His Marriage--His Maritime Contemplations-Ho

makes Proposals to the Senate of Genoa, the Court of Venice, and the King

of Portugal-The Duplicity of the latter-Columbus visits Spain-Juan de

Marchena-Columbus repairs to Cordova-His Second Marriage-His Letter

to the King-The Junto of Salamanca-Columbus resolves to shake the dust

of Spain from his feet-Marchena's Letter to Isabella-The Queen gives

Audience to Columbus-The Conditions stipulated by the latter-Isabella

accepts the Enterprise, while Ferdinand remains aloof...

CHAPTER XV.-The Port of Palos-The Superstition of its Mariners-The

Hand of Satan-A Bird which lifted Vessels to the Clouds-The Pinta and

the Nina-The Santa Maria-Capacity of a Spanish Caravel-The three Pin-

zons-The Departure-Columbus' Journal-The Helm of the Pinta unshipped

-The Variation of the Needle-The Appearance of the Tropical Atlantic-

Floating Vegetation-The Sargasso Sea-Alarm and threatened Mutiny of

the Sailors-Perplexities of Columbus-Land! Land! a False Alarm-Indi-

cations of the Vicinity of Land-Murmurs of the Crews-Open Revolt quelled

by Columbus-Floating Reeds and Tufts of Grass-Land at last―The Vessels

anchor over-night.......

CHAPTER XVI.-Discovery of Guanahani-Ceremonies of taking Possession-

Exploration of the Neighboring Islands-Search for Gold-Cuba supposed by

Columbus to be Japan-The Cannibals-Haiti-Return Homewards-A Storm

-An Appeal to the Virgin-Arrival at the Azores-Conduct of the Portuguese

-Columbus at Lisbon-At Palos-At Barcelona-Columbus' Second Voyage

-Discovery of Guadeloupe, Antigoa, Santa Cruz, Jamaica-Illness of Colum-

bus-Terrible Battle between the Spaniards and the Savages-Columbus re-

turns to Spain-His Reception by the Queen-His Third Voyage--The Region

of Calms-Discovery of Trinidad and of the Main Land-Assumpçion and

Margarita-Columbus in Chains.......

CHAPTER XVII.-The Failing Health of Columbus-His Fourth Voyage-

Martinique, Porto Rico, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama-His Search for a

Channel across the Isthmus-He predicts an Eclipse of the Moon at Jamaica

-His Return-The Death of Isabella-Columbus Penniless at Valladolid-His

Death-His Four Burials-The Injustice of the World towards Columbus-

Christopher Pigeon-Amerigo Vespucci-The New World named America—-

Errors of Modern Historians-The District of Columbia-John Cabot in

Labrador-Sebastian Cabot in Hudson's Bay-Vincent Yanez Pinzon at the

Mouths of the Amazon...........

CHAPTER XVIII.-Portuguese Navigation under Emmanuel-Popular Preju-

dices-The Lusiad of Camoens-Vasco da Gama-Maps of Africa of the Period

-Preparations for an Indian Voyage-Religious Ceremonies--The Departure

--Rendezvous at the Cape Verds-Landing upon the Coast-The Natives-An

Invitation to Dinner, and its Consequences-A Storm-Mutiny-The Spectre

of the Cape..........

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