an interesting assemblage of ruins, consisting of the tower of its cruciform church, a small spire, a dormitory, and part of the outer walls, together with some fine pillars and arches, exhibiting various specimens of Norman architecture. On the hill above the priory are traces of a Roman town, in connexion with a military way; and the foundations of the piers of a Roman bridge across the river are plainly discernible when the water is low. Brinkburn Grove is thought to have been the spot where the Romans offered up devotions and sacrifices to their god Jupiter.

BRINKBURN (LOW WARD), a township in the parish of LONG FRAMLINGTON, eastern division of COQUETDALE ward, county of NORTHUMBERLAND, containing 55 inhabitants.

BRINKBURN (SOUTH SIDE), a township in that part of the parish of FELTON which is in the western division of MORPETH ward, county of NORTHUMBERLAND, 9 miles (N. N. W.) from Morpeth, containing 25 inhabitants.

BRINKHILL, a parish in the hundred of HILL, parts of LINDSEY, county of LINCOLN, 61⁄2 miles (N.N.W.) from Spilsby, containing 119 inhabitants. The living is a discharged rectory, in the archdeaconry and diocese of Lincoln, rated in the king's books at £8, and in the patronage of R. Cracroft, Esq. The church is dedicated to St. Philip. There is a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. In a stratum of blue clay in the village are found veins of barren marcasite, a great quantity of which, after a heavy shower of rain, is usually washed down by a rill that runs near.

BRINKLEY, a parish in the hundred of RADFIELD, county of CAMBRIDGE, 31⁄2 miles (S. by W.) from Newmarket, containing 317 inhabitants. The living is a rectory, in the archdeaconry and diocese of Ely, rated in the king's books at £ 13. 6. 8., and in the patronage of the Master and Fellows of St. John's College, Cambridge. The church is dedicated to St. Mary. This parish is entitled to the fifth part of an estate, producing in the whole £100 per annum, given by Mrs. Elizabeth March, in 1729, for the instruction of children.

BRINKLOW, a parish in the Kirby division of the hundred of KNIGHTLOW, county of WARWICK, 6 miles (N. W.) from Rugby, containing 757 inhabitants. The living is a rectory, in the archdeaconry of Coventry, and diocese of Lichfield and Coventry, rated in the king's books at £17. 10., and in the patronage of the Crown. The church is dedicated to St. John the Baptist. There is a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. Here was formerly a castle belonging to the family of Mowbray, and subsequently to that of De Stuteville to a member of the latter, King John granted permission to hold a weekly market at this place. The Oxford canal crosses the parish, and in its course through it is twice intersected by the Roman Fosse-way, on the line of which there are some traces of an encampment. The interest on £100, given by the Rev. William Fairfox, in 1761, is applied to the instruction of poor children.

BRINKWORTH, a parish in the hundred of MALMESBURY, county of WILTS, 4 miles (W. N. W.) from Wootton-Bassett, containing, with the tything of Grittenham, 1216 inhabitants. The living is a rectory, in the archdeaconry of Wilts, and diocese of Salisbury, rated in the king's books at £23. 9. 2., and in the patronage of Lord Holland. The church is dedicated

to St. Michael. There is an endowment of about £5 per annum for teaching children.

BRINNINGTON, a township in the parish of STOCKPORT, hundred of MACCLESFIELD, county palatine of CHESTER, 2 miles (N. E. by N.) from Stockport, containing 2124 inhabitants.

BRINSOP, a parish in the hundred of GRIMSWORTH, county of HEREFORD, 5 miles (N. W.) from Hereford, containing 107 inhabitants. The living is a discharged vicarage, in the archdeaconry and diocese of Hereford, rated in the king's books at £4, endowed with £400 private benefaction, and £400 royal bounty, and in the patronage of the Bishop of Hereford. The church is dedicated to St. George.

BRINSWORTH, a township in that part of the parish of ROTHERHAM which is in the southern division of the wapentake of STRAFFORTH and TICKHILL, West riding of the county of YORK, 24 miles (S. S. W.) from Rotherham, containing 225 inhabitants.

BRINTON, a parish in the hundred of HOLT, county of NORFOLK, 3 miles (W. S. W.) from Holt, containing 221 inhabitants. The living is a discharged rectory, annexed to that of Thornage, in the archdeaconry and diocese of Norwich, rated in the king's books at £8. 11. 4. The church is dedicated to St. Andrew.

BRISCO, or BIRKSCEUGH, a township in that part of the parish of ST. CUTHBERT, CARLISLE, which is in CUMBERLAND ward, county of CUMBERLAND, 31 miles (S. E. by S.) from Carlisle, containing 308 inhabitants. There are two establishments for printing calico on the banks of the river Petterill, in this township. The first wheat that grew in the county was produced here, about the year 1700.

BRISLEY, a parish in the hundred of LAUNDITCH, county of NORFOLK, 6 miles (N. N. W.) from East Dereham, containing 362 inhabitants. The living is a discharged rectory, with the vicarage of Gateley annexed, in the archdeaconry and diocese of Norwich, rated in the king's books at £8. 7. 8., and in the patronage of the Master and Fellows of Christ's College, Cambridge. The church is dedicated to St. Bartholomew.

BRISLINGTON, a parish in the hundred of KEYNSHAM, County of SOMERSET, 3 miles (S. E. by E.) from Bristol, containing 1216 inhabitants. The living is a donative, in the patronage of Lieutenant-General Popham. The church, dedicated to St. Luke, has recently received an addition of two hundred and sixty-five sittings, one hundred and forty of which are free, and towards defraying the expense the Incorporated Society for the enlargement of churches and chapels granted £200. The river Avon forms the north-eastern boundary of this parish. Brislington House is an asylum for lunatics, lately erected by Edward Long Fox, M.D., who first introduced the classification of patients in such establishments: the buildings are of brick, with stone copings, and comprise a spacious central edifice, with detached wings, extending in front four hundred and ninety-five feet, and having a neatly disposed shrubbery: they are fire-proof, all the parts usually constructed of wood in other buildings being in this, with the exception of a few doors and windows in the central house, made of iron, or some other incombustible material. Attached to the establishment are warm and other baths, a bowling-green, fives-court, and similar sources of recreation; and upon the estate are

other houses, remote from the principal edifice, where patients may be accommodated with servants, and keep whatever establishment their friends choose. A variety of Roman coins was found in an adjoining field in 1829. A chapel, dedicated to St. Anne, was founded by one of the lords de la Warre, in the northern part of the manor, but there are not any vestiges of it.

Arms.

BRISTOL, a city and county of itself, and a considerable port, situated near the mouth of the Bristol channel, and between the counties of Gloucester and Somerset, 34 miles (S. W. by S.) from Gloucester, 12 (N. W.) from Bath, and 118 (W.) from London, containing 52,889 inhabitants, but including the out-parishes, which are in the hundred of Barton-Regis, and form the suburbs of Bristol, nearly 90,000. This place, called by the Britons Caer Brito, and supposed to have been the Abona, or Trajectus, of Antonine, notwithstanding the various conjectures of antiquaries, probably derives its name from the Saxon Brito-stow. In 1063, Harold set sail from this port for the subjugation of Wales; and soon after the Conquest, his sons, attempting to overthrow the government of William, made an assault upon Bristol, but were defeated by the inhabitants. At that time an extensive traffic in English slaves was carried on here, which was abolished by William, at the intercession of Archbishop Lanfranc. In 1089, Geoffrey, Bishop of Coutance, taking part in a confederacy against William Rufus, for the purpose of raising his elder brother Robert to the throne, assembled his forces here, and fortified the town with walls, portions of which still remain; and in the struggle between Stephen and Matilda, the Earl of Gloucester, having taken possession of the city for the empress, built a castle, into which she retired on her escape from Arundel, at that time besieged by her opponent. Stephen having been soon after taken prisoner, was confined in this castle, and, by Matilda's order, loaded with chains, till he was released by the capture of the earl, for whom he was exchanged. In 1142, Prince Henry, afterwards Henry II., being brought from Normandy on a visit to his mother, was placed at Bristol, under the protection of the Earl of Gloucester, where he remained for four years, and received part of his education. Edward I. kept the festival of Christmas here in 1285, where he held a council; and during the war between Edward II. and the barons, Henry de Willington and Harry de Mumford, who had been taken prisoners, were executed here, in 1322. Edward III., in 1353, removed the staple for wool from the several towns in Flanders to England, and, among other places, to this city, which, in consequence, rapidly grew into importance as a place of trade; and, in 1373, he erected it into a separate county, under the designation of the "City and County of the City of Bristol," the limits of which extend by water from Tower Haritz to Kingsroad, thence along the south side of the Bristol channel to the Holmes (the scene of the retirement of Gildas, the early historian

of Britain), and eastward to Denney island, and back to Kingroad; by land, about five miles on the side next the county of Gloucester, and nearly three on that next the county of Somerset. In 1399, the Duke of Lancaster, afterwards Henry IV., besieged the city with a powerful army, and, on its surrender, sentenced the governor, Scroop, Earl of Wiltshire, Sir Henry Green, and Sir John Bushy, to be beheaded; and in the same year, by an act of parliament, he exempted the city, by "land and water," from the jurisdiction of the Lord High Admiral. In 1471, the Duke of Somerset, the Earl of Devonshire, and other nobles in the interest of the House of Lancaster, entering into a confederacy against Edward IV., assembled their forces here, and were greatly assisted by the inhabitants, who were attached to the Lancastrian cause, in their attempts to replace Henry VI. upon the throne. Henry VII. visited Bristol in 1485, on which occasion the citizens, to evince the greater respect, appeared in their best apparel; but the king thinking their wives too richly dressed for their station, imposed a fine of twenty shillings upon every citizen who was worth £20. During the civil war in the reign of Charles I., the city was garrisoned by the parliamentarians, who appointed Nathaniel Fiennes governor. The king, sensible of the importance of the place, endeavoured to gain possession of it by means of his partisans within the town; but their proceedings having been discovered, Alderman Yeomans and Mr. Bourchier were hanged as traitors, by order of the governor. In 1643, Prince Rupert closely invested the city, which surrendered on the third day; and the king arriving soon after, remained for some days, and attended divine service in the cathedral on the following Sunday. Bristol continued in the possession of the royalists for nearly two years; but after sustaining a vigorous assault with incredible valour, the garrison capitulated to Fairfax, and Cromwell soon after ordered the castle and the fortifications to be demolished.

The city is pleasantly situated in a valley surrounded by hills, near the confluence of the rivers Avon and Frome, and, from the circumstance of many of the houses being built on the acclivities of the hills, and from its circular form, has been thought to bear a striking resemblance to ancient Rome. The old town, which forms the nucleus of the present city, consists of four principal streets, diverging at right angles from the centre, and intersected by several smaller streets. The houses in the interior of the town are mostly ancient, being built of timber and plaister, with the upper stories projecting; but in the exterior parts are spacious streets and squares, containing houses uniformly built of stone and brick, and possessing a high degree of elegance. The town is well paved, lighted with gas, and amply supplied with excellent water from springs, and from public conduits in convenient situations, of which, the conduit in Temple-street is ornamented with a fine figure of Neptune, and enclosed by an iron palisade. A handsome stone bridge of three wide arches over the Avon, which flows through the town, was completed in 1768, on the site of a former one, connecting the northern with the southern part; and over the river Frome is a drawbridge of two arches of stone, the platform being turned by machinery, to admit the passage of ships. The theatre, said to have been admired by Garrick for its just proportions and arrangement, was

built by Mr. Powell, in 1766, and is opened during the winter season by the Bath company of performers. Assemblies are occasionally held in a fine suite of rooms in Princes-street, composing a handsome edifice with pillars of the Corinthian order; and equestrian performances formerly took place in the circus, a commodious building in Limekiln-lane. The city library, a handsome stone edifice, ornamented with sculptured literary emblems, contains an extensive collection of books, besides a valuable assortment of fossils given to it by the Rev. Mr. Calcott. The Philosophical Institution, a neat building with a Grecian portico, contains two reading rooms, a theatre in which lectures on the various branches of science are periodically delivered, a laboratory, a philosophical apparatus, a museum, a room wherein casts from the Elgin marbles are deposited, and a room for the exhibition of paintings. There is also a Mechanics' Institution. The Exchange, in Corn-street, erected about the year 1760, by the corporation, at an expense of more than £50,000, is a spacious and elegant structure, one hundred and ten feet in length, and of proportionate breadth, with a rustic basement, in the centre of which are handsome columns of the Corinthian order, forming the principal entrance, and supporting a pediment, bearing in the tympanum the king's arms, finely sculptured: this edifice is not used as an exchange, but principally for the corn market: the merchants, notwithstanding the ample accommodation it affords, having invariably transacted their business in the open street, till the year 1811, when the Commercial Rooms were erected. These buildings, to which the entrance from the street is by a portico of four pillars of the Ionic order, contain several apartments for the despatch of business, and a reading-room: the principal hall, sixty feet in length, forty feet wide, and twenty-five feet high, is lighted by a circular lantern, twenty-one feet in diameter, and crowned with a handsome dome supported by twelve caryatides. The post-office is a neat building of freestone, to the west of the Exchange.

Bristol is represented by Malmsbury as having been, so early as the reign of Henry II., a "wealthy city, full of ships from Ireland, Norway, and every part of Europe, which brought to it great commerce." It carries on an extensive trade with the West Indies, North and South America, and the countries bordering on the Baltic and Mediterranean seas. The principal articles of importation are sugar, rum, coffee, tobacco, wine, German wool, timber, and turpentine; those exported consist chiefly of the produce of the manufactories within the town and neighbourhood: it has also a very extensive coasting trade, besides considerable intercourse with Ireland. The number of ships belonging to it, according to the return in 1829, was three hundred and sixteen, the aggregate burden of which amounted to forty-nine thousand five hundred and thirty-five tons. In the year 1826, the number of vessels entered inwards from foreign ports was, three hundred and thirty-four British, and sixty foreign; and the number cleared outwards, two hundred and seventy-seven British, and thirty-five foreign: and the amount of duties paid at the custom-house, during the same year, exceeded a million sterling. In the following year, the number of coasting vessels entered inwards was five thousand one hundred and eighty-six, of which seven hundred and

thirty-one were from Ireland. Within the last few years a considerable reduction has been made in the local dues of the port, the previous high rate of which, compared with those of Liverpool and other places, being considered to operate injuriously to its interests. The port was materially enlarged and improved in 1247, by diverting the course of the river Frome into another channel, but was still subject to great inconvenience, from vessels being obliged to wait for spring tides, before they could sail out of the harbour. It was further improved in 1803, by changing the course of the Avon, and damming up its former channel, to form an extensive floating-dock, communicating, by means of reservoirs, with the river and the quay, to which vessels have access at any time, and from which, at every high tide, they may sail directly into the channel. Over this new course of the Avon two handsome iron bridges have been erected: the entire work was completed in 1809, at an expense of more than £600,000. The quay, extending for more than a mile along the banks of the Avon and Frome, and secured by a strong brick wall, coped with stone, is accessible to ships of any burden, and conveniently adapted to the despatch of business. Immediately behind it, in a spacious square, in the centre of which is an equestrian statue of William III., in the Roman costume, are the mansion-house, the custom-house, and the excise-office, which are not entitled to architectural notice. On the banks of the river Avon, a little below the town, are several dock-yards, where ship-building is carried on to a considerable extent. The principal articles of manufacture are brass, copper, zinc, spelter, patent shot, lead, leather, floorcloth, china, glass, glass bottles and glass ware of every kind (for which there are fifteen furnaces), and the celebrated stone ware: the brass and copper works here are the most extensive in England, and the zinc is considered superior to that made in any other place. There is an extensive pin-manufactory, wherein, exclusively of several hundred adults, two hundred children are employed; and there are several sugar refineries, breweries, distilleries, and iron-foundries, for the supply of all which, abundance of coal is brought into the town, from the collieries in the neighbourhood. An act has lately been obtained for the construction of a rail-road from Coal Pit Heath, in the county of Gloucester, to Bristol. The market days are Monday, for fish; Tuesday, for corn, hay, and straw; Wednesday, for general provisions, fish, cheese, and hides; Thursday, for corn, cattle, and hides; Friday, for hay and straw; and Saturday, for general provisions and hides. The principal market-place forms a spacious quadrangle; one side is occupied by the back of the exchange, forming a rustic arcade, over which is a pediment ornamented with the city arms and surmounted by a handsome turret. St. James' market-house, and the Welch market-house, are neat and convenient buildings. Fairs, each continuing eight days, on the first two of which there is a considerable show of cattle, are held on March 1st and September 1st. A spacious market-place for cattle has recently been opened without the town, at an expense of £10,000: it occupies an of £10,000 it occupies an area four hundred feet square, along the sides of which are pent-houses for fat cattle, sheep, pigs, &c. The area is formed into divisions for lean cattle, store sheep, and pigs, and showing-ground for horses: in the centre of the prin

The government, by charter of incorporation granted by Henry III., and confirmed and extended by Edward III., Queen Elizabeth, Charles II., and finally by Queen Anne, who made the election of the officers independent of royal control, is vested in a mayor, a high steward (who is usually a nobleman), a recorder (who must be a barrister of five years' standing), two sheriffs (who are also bailiffs of the ancient hundred), twelve aldermen, one for each of the twelve wards into which the city is divided, and twenty-eight common council-men, assisted by a town-clerk (who must be a barrister of three years' standing), a chamberlain, vicechamberlain, two coroners, a sword-bearer, a water-bailiff, a clerk of the markets, eight serjeants at mace, and subordinate officers. The mayor is chosen annually on the 4th of September, from among those who have served the office of sheriff; the sheriffs are chosen annually from the common council-men, and the aldermen from those who have served the office of mayor. The freedom of the city is inherited by the sons of freemen, obtained by marriage with the daughter of a freeman, by servitude, by purchase, or by presentation. The mayor, recorder, and aldermen are justices of the peace for the city and county of the city. The corporation hold a court of session quarterly, a court of assize in April, and a court of Nisi Prius, in which one of the judges on the western circuit presides. A court, called the Tolzey court (from having been anciently held at the place where the king's tolls, or dues, were collected), is held by prescription every Monday, under the sheriffs (in their character of bailiffs of the hundred), aided by a steward, who must be a barrister of three years' standing; its jurisdiction extends over the whole of the county of the city, and on the river down to the Flat and Steep Holmes, below Kingsroad, thirty miles from the city; and it takes cognizance of all actions for debt, and other civil actions, to an unlimited amount, arising within the city : it also holds pleas of ejectment, and issues processes of attachment on the goods of foreigners sued for debt. A branch of this, similar in all its proceedings and jurisdiction, is the court of pie-powder, held for fourteen days in the open air, in the Old market, commencing on the 30th of September, and during this period the proceedings in the Tolzey court are suspended. A court of conscience is held under commissioners, every Monday, pursuant to an act passed in the 1st of William and Mary, for the recovery of debts under 40s. A court of requests, under an act of the 56th of George III., is

also held every Monday under commissioners, for the recovery of debts above 40s., and under any amount for which an arrest on mesne process may by law take place its jurisdiction extends over "the city and county of the city of Bristol, and the liberties thereof, and the several parishes and out-parishes of Clifton, St. James, and St. Paul, and St. Philip and Jacob, and the tything of Stoke Bishop, in the parish of Westbury upon Trym, in the county of Gloucester, and the parish of Bedminster, in the county of Somerset." The guildhall is a very ancient building, recently fronted with stone; it is decorated with the arms of Edward VI., those of his present majesty, and a statue of Charles II. In the north wing is a small chapel, dedicated to St. George, founded in the reign of Richard II., by William Spicer, a former mayor. The new councilhouse, for the transaction of civic affairs, is an elegant edifice of freestone, of the Ionic order, with a handsome portico and balustrade, and ornamented with a figure of Justice over the pediment, on one side of which are the royal arms, and on the other those of the city. Merchants' hall, Coopers' hall, and others, formerly belonging to the different trading companies, and many of them handsome buildings, are now appropriated to private uses. The gaol, erected in 1820, is a spacious and well-arranged quadrangular edifice of stone; at the entrance is a lodge for the turnkey, and in the centre of the court-yard is the governor's house, communicating by means of cast-iron bridges, with the four wings of the prison, one containing rooms for forty-three male and forty-three female debtors of the first and second classes, and others for fifty of the lower class, with an infirmary for females, and two cells and a day-room for female convicts under sentence of death; the other wings are for felons, and are arranged with a due regard to classification, and to cleanliness, exercise, and health: the buildings are warmed by pneumatic stoves, and are amply supplied with water raised from a spring by a tread-wheel worked by the prisoners. The house of correction, which is also well arranged and under good regulation, is situated on the bank of the river Frome, in the parish of St. John. Lawford's Gate prison, without the city, is appropriated to that part of the suburbs lying in the county of Gloucester. The elective franchise has been exercised since the 23rd of Edward I.: the city returns two members to parliament. The right of election is vested in the freemen at large, in number about six thousand: the mayor is the returning officer.

Bristol is the seat of a diocese, the jurisdiction of which extends over the city and county of the city, the greater part of the county of Dorset, and a few parishes in the county of Gloucester: it was separated from the diocese of Salisbury, and raised into a see in 1542. The establishment consists of a bishop, dean, six prebendaries, six minor The canons, a deacon, subdeacon, and other officers. cathedral, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, was formerly the Collegiate Church belonging to a priory of Black

canons, founded by Robert Fitzharding, in 1148, and raised into an abbey in the reign of Henry II., the revenue being, at the dissolution, £767. 15. 3. It is a venerable and highly finished cruciform structure, with a lofty square embattled tower rising from the centre, strengthened with buttresses and crowned with pinnacles; it contains portions in the early, decorated, and later styles of English architecture, in all of them exhibiting specimens of the purest design and most elaborate execution. The nave was destroyed during the parliamentary war: the roofs of the choir and transepts, all of equal height and finely groined, are supported on clustered columns, richly moulded; and the remaining parts, from the striking beauty of their details, afford evidence of the grandeur of the interior when entire. At the entrance into the choir is an empannelled screen, ornamented with carvings of the minor prophets; and in several small chapels of exquisite beauty are many interesting monuments, among which may be noticed those of Robert Fitzharding, and of several of the abbots and bishops; of Mrs. Draper, the eulogized Eliza of Sterne; Lady Hesketh, celebrated by Cowper; and the wife of the Rev. William Mason, with a beautiful epitaph written by that poet. The chapter-house, a spacious edifice highly enriched, in the latest style of Norman architecture; part of the cloisters, in the later English style; and the episcopal palace, in repairing which, in 1740, a dungeon was discovered, containing human bones and several instruments of torture, are still remaining: the entrance gateway, in the lower part of the Norman style, and in the upper part of the later style of English architecture, is in a state of excellent preservation.

The city comprises the parishes of All Saints, St. Augustine, Christ Church, St. Ewin, or Owen, St. John the Baptist, St. Leonard, St. Mary le Port, St. Mary Redcliffe, St. Michael, St. Nicholas, St. Peter, St. Stephen, St. Thomas, and St. Werburgh, besides Temple parish, and part of the parishes of St. James, St. Paul, and St. Philip and St. Jacob, all within the peculiar jurisdiction of the Bishop; there is also the extra-parochial ward of Castle Precincts, which has no church, and is exempted from all ecclesiastical assessments. The living of All Saints' is a discharged vicarage, rated in the king's books at £4. 3. 4., endowed with £400 private benefaction, and £400 royal bounty, and in the patronage of the Dean and Chapter of Bristol. The church, to which a tower was added in 1716, is a very ancient structure; the interior is a fine specimen of the early style of English architecture, and contains a magnificent monument, by Rysbrack, to the memory of Edward Colston, Esq., an eminent philanthropist, and a great benefactor to the city. The living of St. Augustine's is a discharged vicarage, rated in the king's books at £6, endowed with £800 royal bounty, and in the patronage of the Dean and Chapter. The church, which was built about the year 1480, combines various portions in the early, with several in the later, style of English architecture. The living of Christ Church parish is a discharged rectory, with that of St. Ewin's united, rated in the king's books at £11. 10., endowed with £200 private benefaction, and £600 royal bounty, and in the patronage of the Mayor and Corporation. The church is a handsome modern edifice in the Grecian style, with

a lofty tower of two stages, decorated with light columns and pilasters, and surmounted by an octangular turret and spire. The living of St. John the Baptist's is a discharged rectory, with which that of St. Lawrence was consolidated in 1578, rated in the king's books at £7. 4. 7., endowed with £200 private benefaction, and £400 royal bounty, and in the patronage of the Mayor and Corporation. The church is a handsome edifice, chiefly in the later style of English architecture. The living of St. Leonard's is a discharged vicarage, with that of St. Nicholas united, rated in the king's books at £34. 1. 1., endowed with £400 royal bounty, and in the patronage of the Dean and Chapter. The living of the parish of St. Mary le Port is a discharged rectory, rated in the king's books at £7, endowed with £600 royal bounty, and in the patronage of the Duke of Buckingham. The church is a very ancient structure in the early style of English architecture, with a square embattled tower crowned with pinnacles. The living of St. Mary's Redcliffe is a discharged vicarage, annexed to Bedminster, rated in the king's books at £12.6. 3. The church was founded in 1376, by Simon de Burton, mayor, and, after the damage it sustained from a violent storm, in 1445, that blew down two-thirds of the spire, it was extensively repaired by William Cannyngs, Esq. It is a spacious and magnificent cruciform structure, with a lofty and finely proportioned tower at the west end, surmounted by the remaining part of the spire, which has not been rebuilt. The interior exhibits a continued series of the richest specimens, in every variety, from the early to the later style of English architecture; the roof is elaborately groined, and supported on finely clustered columns of singular delicacy, and deeply moulded arches of graceful elevation; all the proportions are grand, and all the details rich and exquisitely finished: the beautiful east window has been blocked up with paintings, which, though from the pencil of Hogarth, cannot atone for the destruction of a feature so essential to the unity of effect that this splendid structure is calculated to produce; and the organ, which has been removed to the west end of the nave, is supported by a heavy mass of modern masonry, by no means harmonising with the character of the building. At the intersection is a fine brass eagle, formed of the refuse from the pin-manufactory, and presented by the proprietor of that establishment. The north porch, which is entirely in the decorated style, is exquisitely beautiful; and the Lady chapel, now used as a school-room, is a fine specimen of the later style. In this church are two monuments to the memory of Mr. Cannyngs, who is considered as its second founder one bearing his effigies in magisterial robes, surmounted by a rich canopy; the other representing him as Dean of Westbury, having been promoted to that dignity on entering into holy orders towards the close of his life. The remains of Sir William Penn, father of William Penn, founder of Pennsylvania, are deposited here. The living of St. Michael's is a discharged rectory, rated in the king's books at £6, endowed with £800 royal bounty, and in the patronage of the Mayor and Corporation. The church is a neat structure in the ancient style of English architecture, with a very old tower. The living of St. Nicholas' is a discharged vicarage, with that of St. Leonard's united, endowed with £600 royal bounty, and in the patronage of the Mayor and