Henry Stapleton of Wighill) bought Warter, 1630. It passed by an heiress to the Penningtons, now represented by Lord Muncaster, who recently sold it to Mr. Charles H. Wilson, M.P. for Hull. The above mentioned Sir Philip Stapleton is well known in history as a Parliamentary commander, and as one of the five members whom the King, Charles I., went to demand in the House of Commons. He was

compelled, with Sir Wm. Waller, Sir W. Lewis, and Col. Long, to fly the country, and being then ill of a flux (dysentery), he died at Calais, at the sign of the Three Silver Lyons, on Wednesday evening, 18th August, 1647, and was buried in the Protestant burialground there.

STILLINGTON of Kelfield, from Acaster, temp. James I. THOMPSON Of Humbleton, 1630, afterwards of Scarborough, which place was represented by two of them successively in Parliament.

THOMPSON of Kilham, from a second son of the last mentioned family; from them descends Lord Wenlock. THROCKMORTON of Burnebutts, Burnebutts, from Higham Ferrers, Northants, temp. Charles II.

WORMELEY of Riccall, from Hatfield originally and from Hull, 1657.

WENTWORTH of Howsham, previously of North Elmsall in the West Riding; obtained Howsham by marriage with the heiress of the Bambroughs. Their heiress, Catherine Wentworth, married in the last century Hugh Cholmley, Esq., of Whitby, whence the later Cholmleys, now represented by Sir Charles Strickland, Bart.

YARBURGH of Heslington, came from Snaith (originally from Lincolnshire); the heiress married, in 1782, John Graeme of Sewerby, near Bridlington, and had a daughter and eventual heiress married to George Lloyd of Stockton Hall, near York, and left four sons and one daughter. The eldest son was of Heslington, and is represented in the female line by Lord Ďera

more, the second son was of Sewerby, the third son was in holy orders, and the fourth son was drowned in the hunting accident at Newby in February, 1869, leaving co-heiresses, two of whom are Mrs. Guy Palmes and Mrs. Reynard of Sunderlandwick.

And now, having arrived at the close of the seventeenth century, I conclude my paper, but must mention several families who, though not recorded in the Visitations, were settled here at this period, and were landowners in the East Riding.

BEE of Skeffling, temp. Charles I., extinct in the male line in 1773; co-heiresses 'married Richardson, Sawyer, and Sherwood.

BOWER of Bridlington, 1570, afterwards of Welham. BROUGH of Rowlston, which they obtained by marriage with the heiress of the Truslove family. The grandson of this marriage, Wm. Brough, was Marshal of the Admiralty, and as such was officially present at the execution of the unfortunate Admiral Byng, who was shot at Plymouth. The notorious Paul Jones fired at Rowlston on more than one occasion in passing. On the death of Wm. Brough without issue, the Rowlston estates passed to his wife's niece, who married Benjamin Haworth of Hull Bank, and whose son, Colonel Haworth-Booth, now owns the property.

DODSWORTH of Settrington, came from Masham, a younger son of the family of Thornton Watlas, afterwards of Wilberfoss and Riccall.

LITTLE of Kilnsea, in middle of the seventeenth century; extinct in 1764.

OVERTON of Easington, temp. Charles I., sold their estate at end of seventeenth century to Wm. Milner (Mayor of Leeds), father of Sir Wm. Milner, first baronet. The Rev. Thomas Overton, Rector of Black Notley, Essex, died 14th December, 1893, aged 89.

PRESTON of Moreby, came from the West Riding; originally from Lancashire.

PRESTON of Burythorpe, formerly of Malton, came from the West Riding; originally from Lancashire.

And besides these, I cannot help mentioning several families in Hull and its neighbourhood in the seventeenth century :

BLAYDES of Hull, and HAWORTH of Hull, a family of ancient descent, now represented by Col. HaworthBooth, of Hull Bank and Rowlston, who is also the representative of the families of Blaydes and of Booth.

MAISTER of Hull, now represented by the Rev. Reginald Henry Maister of Bramham, son of the Rev. Henry Maister, many years Vicar of Skeffling, who died in June, 1898.

MASON of Welton and Hull, of whom was the Rev. Wm. Mason the poet.

MOORE of Hull and of Welton Hall and Easington and Kilnsea, of whom John Moore, merchant and shipowner, married a daughter of the house of Foljambe, and is ancestor of the present family of Foljambe. ROBINSON, RAIKES, and

PEASE of Hesslewood,

RAINES, and others.

Last, but by no means least, there is another family, which though only appearing in the East Riding at the close of the seventeenth century, had been settled prosperously in the West Riding for quite five generations previously, and it is one without which no account of East Riding families could pretend to be complete. I allude to the family of SYKES. Daniel Sykes, a fourth son of the family, moved from Leeds to Knottingley, and then to Hull. His son Richard married, in 1704, Mary, daughter and co-heiress of Mark Kirkby of Sledmere by Jane, daughter of Christopher Richardson, Alderman of Hull, and was father of the Rev. Sir Mark Sykes, Rector of Roos, whose baronetcy was conferred in recognition of his son's political services during Mr. Pitt's ministry, the son, afterwards Sir Christopher, specially requesting that the proferred honour should be accorded to his

father. Of Sir Christopher's son, the late Sir Tatton, the fourth baronet, or his sons, I need not speak, indeed it would be almost an impertinence to do so of one so well known and so endeared to all Yorkshiremen, and especially to those in the East Riding, which he loved so well, and the advantages and superiority of which he was wont to impress upon his friends, by reminding them that it was from the "East" that the wise men came.*

*On the day when this paper was read at Malton, Thursday, the 15th December, 1898, Mr. Christopher Sykes, so well known in Yorkshire and in London (son of the late Sir Tatton and brother of the present baronet), was suddenly taken ill at his home in London, 2, Chesterfield Street, Mayfair, and passed away towards evening without regaining consciousness.

I

On Roman Roads in the East Riding.*

BY THE REV. E. MAULE COLE, M.A., F.G.S.

HAVE now lived in the heart of the Wolds for nearly thirty-four years, and have therefore had exceptional opportunities for studying the subject matter of this paper. Having always taken a deep interest in Geology, and, also, in all matters of antiquarian research, in which I have been largely encouraged by my friend and former parishioner, Mr. J. R. Mortimer, I have repeatedly traversed on foot the whole of the Wolds, and most part of the East Riding, and think that I may speak with some confidence on the result of my observations.

Former writers have frequently confused lines of ancient British entrenchments with Roman roads. † The entrenchments are mostly double in crossing high land, that is to say, they consist of two or more mounds with ditches between.‡

In certain places, as at Garrowby High Street, Settrington High Street, and Sledmere, the Romans seem to have utilized one of the mounds for a short distance for a road; in others, as in the direct line of entrenchments from Wetwang to Bridlington, their roads seem to have followed the proximity of the entrenchments, keeping probably to an old British trackway.

It is difficult of course to identify a Roman road when covered by one of mediæval times; but it seems clear both to Mr. Mortimer and myself that the traditional Roman roads, distinguished by the name of street, cut

* Read at Hull, on March 14th, 1899. Notably Knox. East Yorkshire. 1855. + Cole. "Ancient Entrenchments near Wetwang." Yorkshire Geol. and Polytech. Soc., 1889., pp. 45-53, with map.