Poisons

Front Cover
Charles Griffin and Company, Limited, 1895 - 724 pages
 

Contents

GLUCOSIDES I DIGITALIS GROUP
27
STATISTICS
28
13 14
32
THE CONNECTION BETWEEN TOXIC ACTION AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
35
Michets Experiments on the relative Toxicity of Metals 41
41
PART II
42
Concentration in a VacuumDrying the SubstanceSolventsDe
49
The Legal Definition of PoisonEnglish Law as to Poison
55
Examination of Blood or of BloodStains
56
HYDRIC SULPHIDE
64
The UrineExcretion of Sulphates in Health and DiseaseThe Characters of the Urine after taking Sulphuric Acid
65
The Blood in Sulphuric Acid Poisoning
66
The Question of the Introduction of Sulphates by the FoodLargest possible Amount of Sulphates introduced by this MeansSulphur of the BileMedici...
67
General Properties of Hydrochloric AcidDiscoveryUsesTests
68
Statistics
69
Detection of Carbon MonoxideThe Cuprous Chloride Method_
70
Amount of Free Acid in the Gastric Juice
71
Influence of Hydrochloric Acid on VegetationPresent Law on the Subject of Acid Emanations from WorksThe Resistant Powers of various Plants
72
Action on Cloth and Manufactured Articles
73
Poisonous Effects of Hydrochloric Acid GasEulenbergs Experi ments on Rabbits and Pigeons
74
Effects of the Liquid AcidAbsence of Corrosion of the Skin Pathological AppearancesIllustrative Cases
75
Properties of Sulphuric Anhydride
76
1 Detection of Free Hydrochloric AcidGunzburgs TestA Villiers and M Favolles Test2 Quantitative Estimation Sjokvists MethodBrauns Method
77
Treatment of Acute Poisoning by the Mineral Acids
83
Method of Investigating Hydrochloric Acid Stains on Cloth c
93
NITRIC ACID
98
Properties of Nitric Acid
102
Use in the Arts 81 Statistics
103
Fatal Dose 83 Action on Vegetation LassarFatal Effect on Man 84 Effects of Nitric Acid VapourExperiments of Eulenberg and O 85 Effects of Liqui...
104
105 106 106 87 SymptomsThe Constant Development of GasIllustrative Cases 106
106
Postmortem Appearances Preparations in various Anatomical Museums
107
Detection and Estimation of Nitric Acid 107109 109
109
ACETIC ACID 90 Symptoms and Detection
110
AMMONIA 91 Properties of Ammonia
111
UsesOfficinal and other Preparations 93 Statistics of Poisoning by Ammonia 94 Poisoning by Ammonia Vapour
112
Section Page 96 Chronic Effects of the Gas
113
Postmortem Appearances
115
Estimation of Ammonia
116
Properties of Potassium Hydrate 116
117
SymptomsIllustrative Case
118
112
119
Chemical Analysis 115 Estimation of the Fixed Alkalies 121
121
NEUTRAL SODIUM POTASSIUM AND AMMONIUM SALTS 116 Relative Toxicity of Sodium Potassium and Ammonium Salts 122
122
Elimination
123
Action of Nitrates of Sodium and PotassiumSodic Nitrite 126 Postmortem Appearances from Poisoning by Potassic Nitrate 124
124
Experiments on Animals 131 Effects on ManIllustrative Cases of the Poisoning of Children by
125
Potassic Chlorate
126
Toxicological Detection of Alkali Salts 136 Natural occurrence of Potassium and Sodium Salts in the Blood and TissuesTests for Potassic and Sodic S...
127
HYDROCARBONS CAMPHORALCOHOLAMYL NITRITEETHERCHLOROFORM
129
Effects of the Administration of Turpentine
135
Section Page 161 Symptoms of Acute Poisoning by Alcohol 137
137
Postmortem Appearances 138
138
Excretion of Alcohol 139
139
Toxicological Detection
140
Detection and Estimation of Amylic Alcohol
141
Ether as a Poison
142
Separation of Ether from Organic Fluids c
143
Methods of Manufacturing Chloroform 145
145
Poisonous Effects of Chloroform 1 As a Liquid 176 Statistics
146
Fatal Dose
148
Suicidal and Criminal PoisoningIllustrative Cases 149
149
Physiological Effects
150
Chronic Chloroform PoisoningMental Effects from Use of Chloro form 151
151
Postmortem Appearances
152
Quantitative Estimation
153
Methyl ChlorideMethene Dichloride c
154
Detection
155
Effects of Chloral Hydrate on AnimalsDepression of Temperature Influence on the Secretion of Milk c 156
156
Action upon the Blood
157
Fatal Dose 158
158
Symptoms
159
Treatment of Acute Chloral Poisoning
160
Manner in which Chloral is Decomposed in and Excreted from the Body 161
161
Separation from Organic MattersTests for Chloral 162
162
BISULPHIDE OF CARBON 208 Properties of Bisulphide of Carbon
163
Postmortem Appearances
165
Different Forms of Carbolic AcidCalverts Carbolic Acid Powder Carbolic Acid Soaps 166
167
Fatal Dose
169
Effects on WarmBlooded Animals
170
Internal AdministrationIllustrative Cases
173
Changes Produced in the Urine by Carbolic Acid 174
174
The Action of Carbolic Acid considered Physiologically 175
175
Forms under which Carbolic Acid is Excreted
176
Tests for Carbolic Acid 230 1 The PineWood Test2 Ammonia and Hypochlorite Test3
177
Quantitative Estimation of Carbolic Acid 178
178
Properties of CreasoteTests 179
179
Separation of Carbolic Acid from Organic Fluids or Tissues 180
180
Examination of the Urine for Phenol or Cresol
181
Carbolic Acid Powders
183
Effects of Poisoning by NitroBenzene
184
Effects Produced by taking Liquid NitroBenzene 185
185
Fatal Dose 186
186
Pathological Appearances
187
Detection and Separation from the Animal Tissues
188
DINITROBENZOL 247 Properties of Ortho Meta and ParaDinitroBenzol
189
The Blood in NitroBenzol Poisoning
191
Detection of DinitroBenzol
192
Poisoning by Prussic AcidUses in the ArtsDistribution in the Vegetable Kingdom 193195
193
Composition and Varieties of Amygdalin
195
Accidental and Criminal Poisoning 197
197
Fatal Dose
198
Symptoms observed in Animals 199
199
Length of Interval between taking the Poison and Death in Animals 200
200
Symptoms in Man 201
201
Possible Acts after taking the PoisonNunneleys Experiments 202
202
Chronic Poisoning by Hydric Cyanide
203
Tests for Hydrocyanic Acid and Cyanide of PotassiumSchönbeins TestKoberts Test 204206
206
How long after Death can Hydric or Potassic Cyanide be Detected? 208
208
Estimation of Hydrocyanic Acid or Potassic Cyanide
209
Poisonous Cyanides other than Hydric and Potassic Cyanides 270 General Action of the Alkaline CyanidesExperiments with Am monic Cyanide Vap...
210
PHOSPHORUS 272 Properties of PhosphorusSolubilityEffects of Heat on Phos phorus 212
212
Phosphuretted HydrogenPhosphine
213
Statistics of Phosphorus Poisoning 215
215
Fatal Dose
216
Section Page 278 Effects of Phosphorus
217
Common Form 218
218
Hæmorrhagic Form
219
Period at which the First Symptoms commence
220
Effects of Chronic Phosphorus Poisoning 221
221
Changes in the Urinary Secretion
222
Antidote Treatment by Turpentine
223
Coefficient of Solubility of Phosphine in Blood compared with Pure Water
224
Pathological Changes in the Kidneys Lungs and Nervous System
228
Detection of PhosphorusMitscherlichs ProcessThe Production of PhosphineTests Dependent on the Combustion of Phosphine 229232
229
The Spectrum of PhosphineLipowitzs Sulphur TestScherers Test 232
232
Chemical Examination of the Urine 233
233
Quantitative Estimation of Phosphorus
234
ALKALOIDS AND POISONOUS VEGETABLE PRINCIPLES SEPARATED FOR THE MOST PART BY ALCOHOLIC SOLVENTS DIVISION I V...
236
Phosphomolybdic SilicoTungstic and PhosphoTungstic Acids as Alkaloidal Reagents 237239
237
Schulzes Reagent
239
Selmis Process for Separating Alkaloids 240
240
Shorter Process for Separating some of the Alkaloids 254
254
Scheiblers Process for Alkaloids
255
Identification of the Alkaloids
256
Meltingpoint
261
Quantitative Estimation of the AlkaloidsMayers ReagentCom pound of the Alkaloids with Chlorides of Gold and Platinum 262264
262
Section Page 318 Botanical Description of Hemlock
264
Other Coniine Bases
267
Pharmaceutical Preparations of Hemlock 266
267
Effects of Coniine on Man
268
Separation of Coniine from Organic Matters or Tissues
269
General Composition of Tobacco 269
270
Nicotine its Properties and Tests 271273
271
Effects of Nicotine on Animals 273
273
Effects of Nicotine on Man 274
274
Some Instances of Poisoning by Tobacco and Tobacco Juice 275277
275
Physiological Action of Nicotine 277
277
Fatal Dose
278
Piturie 838 Properties of Piturie
279
Aniline 340 Properties of Aniline
280
Fatal Dose
281
Action of Solvents on Opium 282283
282
The Methods of Teschemacher and Smith of Dott and others for the Assay of Opium 283
283
Medicinal and other Preparations of Opium 284288
285
Statistics of Opiate Poisoning 288
288
Poisoning of Children by Opium
289
General Method for the Detection of Opium 290
290
Morphine its Properties 291
291
Morphine Salts their Solubility 292
292
Constitution of Morphine 293
293
Tests for Morphine and its CompoundsProduction of Morphine Hydriodidelodic Acid Test and other ReactionsTransformation of Morphine into Cod...
294
Symptoms of Opium and Morphine PoisoningAction on Animals 296298
296
Physiological Action 298
298
Physiological Action of Morphine Derivatives
299
Diagnosis of Opium Poisoning 303
303
OpiumEating 304306
304
Treatment of Opium or Morphine Poisoning
306
Separation of Morphine from Animal Tissues and Fluids
307
Extraction of Morphine 308
308
Narcotine its Properties and Tests 309
309
Effects of Narcotine
310
Effects of Codeine on AnimalsClaude Bernards Experiments
311
NarceineProperties of NarceineTests 312
312
Effects of Narceine 313
313
Papaverine Properties of PapaverineTests
314
Thebaine its Effects
315
Rhoadine
316
Reactions of some of the Rarer Opium Alkaloids
317
Meconic AcidEffects of Meconic AcidTests 318
318
THE STRYCHNINE OR TETANUSPRODUCING GROUP OF ALKALOIDS 1 Nux Vomica GroupStrychnineBrucineIgasurine 385 Nux VomicaCha...
319
Pharmaceutical and other Preparations of Nux Vomica with Sug gestions for their ValuationVerminKillers 322324
322
Statistics 324325
324
Fatal DoseFalcks Experiments on Animals as to the Least Fatal DoseLeast Fatal Dose for Man 325328
327
Effects on ManSymptomsDistinction between Disease Tetanus 391 Action on AnimalsFrogs 328
328
and Strychnos Tetanus 329331
331
tureEffect on the BloodPressure 332
332
Physiological ActionRichets ExperimentsThe Rise of Tempera 395 Postmortem Appearances
333
Separation of Strychnine from Organic MattersSeparation from the Urine Blood and Tissues 334337
334
Identification of the AlkaloidColour TestsPhysiological Tests 337339
337
Hypaphorine
339
Brucine its Properties 340
340
Physiological Action of BrucineExperiments of Falck 341
341
Tests for Brucine 342
342
Igasurine
344
Fatal Dose
350
Effects of Aconitine on Animal LifeInsects Fish Reptiles Birds
358
Lamsons Case 364
364
Section Page 444 Properties of Atropine 371
371
Tests for Atropine Chemical and Physiological 372374
372
Properties of Solanine
386
Poisoning from Solanine
387
Reactions of Cytisine
388
Effects on Animals
389
THE ALKALOIDS OF THE VERATRUMS 470 The Alkaloids found in the Veratrum Viride and Veratrum Album Yield per Kilogram 390392
390
VeratrineCevadine
392
Jervine
393
Rubijervine
394
Pharmaceutical Preparations
395
Effects on ManIllustrative Cases
396
Postmortem Signs
397
Physostigmine or EserineProperties 398
398
Tests
399
Effects on AnimalsOn ManThe Liverpool Cases of Poisoning
400
Physiological Action
401
Fatal Dose of Physostigmine
402
Tests
403
TAXINE 499 Properties of Taxine
404
Postmortem Appearances
405
Physiological Effects
407
COLCHICINE 507 Contents of Colchicine in Colchicum Seeds 408
408
ColchicineMethod of ExtractionProperties
409
Pharmaceutical Preparations
410
Effects of Colchicine on Animals
411
Symptoms Produced by ColchicumPostmortem Appearances 412
412
Separation of Colchicine from Organic Matters
413
Description of the Amanita MuscariaUse of it by the Natives of Kamschatka 413
414
MuscarineIts Properties and Effects 415
415
Antagonistic Action of Atropine and Muscarine
416
The Agaricus PhalloidesPhallin
417
thrine
418
Section Page 526 Description of the Digitalis Purpurea or Foxglove
419
Digitalein
420
DigitaleretinParadigitaletin
421
Reactions of the Digitalins
422
Statistics of Poisoning by Digitalis
424
Physiological Action of the Digitalins
427
Action on the Heart and Circulation 428
428
Action of the Digitalins on the MucoIntestinal Tract and other Organs
429
Postmortem Appearances
430
Chemical and Physiological
431
OTHER POISONOUS GLUCOSIDES ACTING ON THE HEART 1 Crystallisable Glucosides 548 AntiarinChemical Properties
432
Symptoms of Poisoning by Hellebore
433
Thevetin
434
Oleandrin
435
The Madagascar Ordeal Poison
436
Properties of Saponin
437
Section Page
438
The Atropa belladonna its Alkaloidal Content 368 369
442
Detection of Ergot in Flour
445
PICROTOXIN THE ACTIVE PRINCIPLE OF THE COCCULUS INDICUS
451
Seeds 369 370
454
Section Page
456
Chemical Analysis
462
Poison from the Toad
468
POISONOUS SPIDERS AND INSECTS 627 The Bite of the TarantulaThe Bite of the Latrodectus Malmig natus
470
Effects of the Bite of the Katipo
471
Pharmaceutical Preparations of Cantharides
472
Effects on AnimalsRadeckis ExperimentsEffects on ManHein 636 General Symptoms Produced by Cantharides 473
473
Postmortem Appearances
474
Tests for CantharidinDistribution in the BodyDragendorffs Process 475477
475
SNAKE POISON 639 Classes of Poisonous Snakes
477
The Poison of the Cobra
478
Fatal Dose of Cobra Poison
479
Antidotes and TreatmentHalfords Treatment by AmmoniaPer manganate of Potash 480
480
Detection of the Cobra Venom
482
Effects of the Bite of the Duboia Russelli or Russells Viper
483
The Poison of the Common ViperThe Venom of Naja Haje Cleo patras Asp 483
484
PTOMAINESTOXINES 648 Definition of a Ptomaine
485
The Amines 488490
487
Methylamine
491
Isoamylamine
492
Neuridine 493
493
Section Page 664 Cadaverine 494496
494
Putrescine
496
Metaphenylenediamine 497
497
Mydaleine
498
Methylguanidine 499
499
Saprine
500
Neurine
501
Peptotoxine
502
Poisons connected with TetanusTetanine
503
Mydatoxine
504
Toxines connected with Hog Cholera 505
505
Other Ptomaines
506
German Sausage Poisoning
509
THE OXALIC ACID GROUP OF POISONS 688 Distribution of Oxalic Acid in the Animal and Vegetable Kingdoms
510
Oxalate of Lime its Properties 511
511
Use of Oxalic Acid in the Arts
512
Fatal Dose of Oxalic Acid
513
Effects of Vaporised Oxalic Acid 514
514
Effects of Oxalic Acid and Hydropotassic Oxalate on ManIllus trative Cases 515
515
Physiological Action 516
516
Pathological Changes produced by Oxalic Acid and the Oxalates 517
517
Preparations in Museums Illustrative of the Effects of Oxalic Acid
518
Separation of Oxalic Acid from Organic Substances the Tissues of the Body c 519521
519
Oxalate of Lime in the Urine
521
Certain Oxalic BasesOxalmethylineOxalpropyline 706 The Experiments of Schulz and Mayer on Oxalmethyline Chloroxal methyline and Oxalpropy...
522
Section Page
524
Pharmaceutical Preparations of Arsenic Veterinary Arsenical
533
Manner of Introduction of Arsenic
539
Nervous Form Brodies Experiments on RabbitsA Mass
545
Pathological Changes induced in the Gullet and StomachFatty
551
Arsenic in Glycerin
560
Imbibition of Arsenic after DeathMasons Case 563565
563
Analysis of WallPaper for Arsenic 565
565
Estimation of ArsenicGalvanic Process of BloxamColorimetric Methods 566568
566
Destruction of the Organic Matter by Nitric Acid and Subsequent Reduction of the Arsenic Acid to Arseniuretted Hydrogen and Final Estimation as ...
568
Arsine developed from an Alkaline Solution
571
Precipitation as TersulphideMethods of Dealing with the Sul phides obtaineda Solution in Ammonia and Estimation by Iodine b Drying the Purified ...
572
Pyro Arseniated Conversion of the Trisulphide of Arsenic into the ArsenoMolybdate of AmmoniaConversion of the Sulphide into Metallic Arsenic 5...
573
Conversion of Arsenic into Arsenious Chloride 575
575
Antimony 748 Properties of Metallic Antimony
577
Tartarated AntimonyTartar Emetic 578
578
Metantimonic Acid
579
1 Pharmaceutical Preparations2 Patent and Quack Pills 3 Antimonial Medicines chiefly Veterinary 579582
581
Alloys
582
Effects of Tartar Emetic on ManIllustrative Cases 583
583
Chronic Antimonial Poisoning
585
Elimination of Antimony
586
Effects of Chloride or Butter of Antimony
587
Quantitative Estimation of Antimony 589
589
Cadmium 765 Properties of the Metal Cadmium
590
Section Page 772 Lead and its OxidesLithargeMinium or Red Lead 591
591
Sulphide of Lead
592
Preparations of Lead used in Medicine the Arts c 1 Pharma ceutical2 Quack Nostrums3 Preparations used in the Arts PigmentsHair DyesAlloys 593
593
Statistics of LeadPoisoning
594
Lead as a PoisonMeans by which Lead may be taken into the System 595
595
Effects of Lead Compounds on Animals 596
596
Effects of Lead Compounds on ManAcute PoisoningMass Poison ing by LeadCase of Acute Poisoning by the Carbonate of Lead 597599
597
Chronic Poisoning by Lead 599
599
Effects of Lead on the Nervous SystemLead as a Factor of In sanity 600
600
Amaurosis Caused by LeadPoisoningInfluence on the Sexual FunctionsCariesEpilepsy 601603
601
Uric Acid in the Blood after LeadPoisoning
603
Postmortem Appearances
605
Elimination of Lead
606
Antidotes and Treatment
607
Detection and Estimation of Lead 608
608
Detection of Lead in Tartaric Acid in Lemonade and Aerated Waters 609
609
Properties of Copper
610
searches 612614
612
The Coppering of VegetablesCopper in Green PeasPhyllo cyanic Acid 614
614
Preparations of Copper used in Medicine and the Arts 1 Medi cinal Preparations2 Copper in the Arts 615
615
DoseMedicinal Dose of Copper 616
616
Effects of Soluble Copper Salts on Animals 617619
617
Toxic Dose of Copper Salts
619
Effects of Subacetate Subchloride and Carbonate of Copper
620
Chronic Poisoning by Copper 621
621
Detection and Estimation of CopperGeneral Method Special Method for Copper in Solution in Water and other Liquids Detection of Copper in Anim...
622
Volumetric Processes for the Estimation of Copper
624
Medicinal Doses of Bismuth
625
Extraction and Detection of Bismuth in Animal Matter 626
626
Estimation of BismuthVolumetric Processes 627
627
Silver
628
Properties of Metallic Silver 628
629
Medicinal Dose of Silver Compounds
630
Toxic Effects of Silver Nitrate on Man1 Acute2 Chronic Poisoning 631
631
Postmortem Appearances
632
Mercury 828 The Metal MercuryMercurous Chloride or Calomel 633
633
Sulphide of Mercury
634
Mercury in the ArtsThe Sulphocyanide of MercuryAcid Solution of Nitrate of Mercury
639
Mercury in Veterinary Medicine
640
Poisoning by MercuryStatistics
641
Effects on Man 642
642
Absorption of Mercury by the Skin
643
Mercurial Tremor 644
644
Mercuric MethideEffects of as Illustrated by two Cases 645
645
Effects of the Corrosive Salts of Mercury 646
646
Death from the External Use of Corrosive Sublimate
647
Case of Reg v E Smith
648
Postmortem AppearancesPathological Preparations in Various 850 Pathological Appearances from the Effects of Nitrate of Mercury
650
Tests for Mercury 651
651
Estimation of MercuryThe Dry Method
652
Volumetric Processes for the Estimation of Mercury 654
654
PRECIPITATED BY HYDRIC SULPHIDE FROM A NEUTRAL SOLUTION ZINCNICKELCOBALT 1 Zinc 856 Properties of Metallic Zinc 655
655
Carbonate of Zinc
656
Zinc in the ArtsZinc ChromateZinc PigmentsAction of Fluids on Zinc Vessels 657
657
Effects of Zinc as shown by Experiments on Animals
658
Sulphate of Zinc
659
Postmortem AppearancesIllustrated by Specimens in Pathological Museums 660
660
Detection of Zinc in Organic Liquids or Solids 661
661
Identification of Zinc Sulphide
662
Symptoms witnessed in various Classes of Animals after taking Doses of Nickel or Cobalt 663
664
Estimation of Cobalt or Nickel
665
Ferric ChloridePharmaceutical Preparations of Ferric Chloride
666
Fostmortem Appearances
668
Search for Iron Salts in the Contents of the Stomach 669
669
Chromium 883 Neutral Chromate of Potash
670
Use in the Arts
671
Acute Poisoning by the ChromatesIllustrative Cases 672
672
Lethal Effects of Chromate of Lead
673
Postmortem Appearances
674
Thallium 893 Discovery of ThalliumIts Properties 675
675
Effects of Thallium Salts
676
Action of Alum SaltsSiems ResearchesAlum BakingPowders 677
677
Section Page
678
Separation of Barium Salts from Organic Solids or Fluids and their
684
DOMESTIC READY REMEDIES FOR POISONING
701
Spectroscopic Appearances of BloodSpectrum of Hydric Sulphide
711

Common terms and phrases

Popular passages

Page 406 - It is, therefore, not uncommon for confirmed drunkards to preserve their urine as a precious liquor against a scarcity of the fungus.
Page 17 - That whosoever shall unlawfully and maliciously administer to or cause to be administered to or taken by any other person any poison or other destructive or noxious thing so as thereby to endanger the life of such person, or so as thereby to inflict upon such person any grievous bodily harm, shall be guilty of felony, and being convicted thereof shall be.
Page 179 - Her aspect was then quite typical of prussic acid poisoning : — the eyes were bright and glassy, the features pale and ghastly, the lips and nails purple, as if stained by blackberries ; the skin was clammy and the pulse feeble.
Page 4 - Dunmow by force, and brought her to the Tower. Fitzwalter raised an outcry, on which the King sent troops into Castle Baynard and his other houses ; and when the baron protested against these wrongs, his master banished him from the realm. Fitzwalter fled to France, with his wife and his other children, leaving his daughter Maud in the Tower, where she suffered a daily insult in the King's unlawful suit. On her proud and scornful answer to his passion being heard, John carried her up to the roof,...
Page 406 - The most singular effect of the ama'nita is the influence which it has over the urine. It is said that from time immemorial the inhabitants have known that the fungus imparts an intoxicating quality to that secretion, which continues for a considerable time after taking it. For instance, a man moderately intoxicated to-day will, by the next morning, have...
Page 358 - Aconite is a protoplasmic poison and destroys the functions of all nitrogenous tissue — first, of the central nervous system; next, of the nerves, and last, of the muscles...
Page 16 - Whosoever shall administer, or cause to be administered to or taken by any person, any poison, or other destructive thing, with intent to commit murder, shall be guilty of felony.
Page 406 - This intoxicating property of the urine is capable of being propagated ; for every one who partakes of it has his urine similarly affected. Thus, with a very few Amanifa, a party of drunkards may keep up their debauch for a week.

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