force that he could gather, and completely harried and laid waste the shire. And the fleet lay all the winter in the Humber, where the king could not come at them. And the king was on the day of Midwinter at York; and so all the winter in the land; and came to Winchester at the same Easter. And bishop Ægelric was accused, who was in Pe- * of Durham. terborough, and he was led to Westminster; and his brother, *bishop gelwine, was outlawed. An. M.LXX. * of Durham. M.LXX. In this year Lanfranc, who was abbot of Caen, came to England, who, after a few days became archbishop of Canterbury. He was ordained on the Ivth of the Kal. of September (Aug. 29th) in his own episcopal see, by eight bishops, his suffragans. The others who were not there showed by messengers and by letters why they could not be there. In that year Thomas, who was chosen bishop of York, came to Canterbury that he might be there ordained according to the old custom. When Lanfranc craved confirmation of his obedience by oath-swearing, he refused, and said that he ought not to do it; the archbishop became wroth, and ordered the bishops who were come thither, by the archbishop Lanfranc's command, to do the service, and all the monks to unrobe themselves; and, by his command, they so did. So Thomas for that time went back without the blessings. Then soon after this it befel that the archbishop Lanfranc went to Rome, and Thomas along with him. When they came thither, and had spoken about other things, about which they would speak, Thomas began his speech, how he came to Canterbury, and how the archbishop asked obedience, with oath-swearing, from him, and he refused it. Then the archbishop Lanfranc began to show openly and distinctly that he with right craved that which he craved, and with strong discourses confirmed the same before the pope *Alexander, and before all the council *II. that was there gathered; and so they went home. After this, Thomas came to Canterbury, and all that the archbishop craved of him humbly fulfilled, and then received the blessings.' Here ends MS. C.C.C.C. C.LXXIII. 344. 345. * of Aarhus. An. M.LXXI. In this year earl Waltheof made his peace with the king; and in the following Lent (Feb. 17th) the king caused all the monasteries that were in England to be 'plundered. And in this year there was a great famine, and the monastery at Peterborough was plundered. It was by the men whom bishop Egelric had before excommunicated, because An. M.LXX. In this year earl Waltheof made his peace with the king; and in the following Lent the king caused all the monasteries that were in England to be plundered. Then, in the same year came 'Svein king of Denmark into the Humber; and the country people came to meet him, and made peace with him, weening that he would overrun the land, Then came to Ely Christian, the *Danish bishop, and Asbiörn jarl, and the Danish 'hûscarls' with them; and the English folk from all the fen-lands came to them, weening that they would win all the land. Then the monks of Peterborough heard say that their own men would plunder the monastery, that was Hereward and his company. That was because they had heard say that the king had given the abbacy to a French abbot named Turold, and that he was a very stern man, and was then come to Stamford with all his Frenchmen. There was then a church-ward there named Yware, who took by night all that he could; that was, gospels, mass-mantles, cantor-copes, and robes, and such little things, whatever he could; and went forthwith, ere day, to the abbot Turold, and told him that he sought his protection, and informed him how the outlaws were to come to Peterborough, and that he did all by the advice of the monks. Then soon on the morrow came all the outlaws with many ships, and would enter the monastery, and the monks withstood so that they could not come The monasteries were the depositories of treasure belonging to rich individuals; of this William despoiled them: "rex Willelmus "monasteria totius Angliæ per"scrutari, et pecuniam quam ditiores Angli, propter illius austeritatem "et depopulationem, in eis depo. 66 "suerant, auferri et in ærarium suum jussit deferri." Flor. Wigorn, a. 1070. 2 Svein did not come, but sent his two sons, Harald and Cnut, with their uncle Asbiörn jarl. See Dahlmann, Gesch. v. Dannem. 1. p. 176. they had there taken all that he owned. And in the same summer the fleet came into the Thames, and lay there two nights, and then held on their course to Denmark. And earl of Flanders. Baldwine died, and Arnulf his son succeeded to the government; and the king of the Franks and 'earl William were to * Philip I. be his guardians. But there came *Robert, and slew Arnulf surnamed the his kinsman, and the earl William, and many thousands of his men. * Frisian. in. They then set it on fire and burned all the monks' houses, and all the town, save one house. They then came in through fire, in at Bolhithe gate, and the monks came to meet them, praying for peace. But they recked of nothing, went into the monastery, clomb up to the holy rood, then took the crown from our Lord's head, all of beaten gold; then took the 'foot-spur' that was underneath his foot, which was all of red gold. They clomb up to the steeple, brought down the crosier that was there hidden; it was of gold and of silver. They took there two golden shrines, and nine of silver; and they took fifteen great roods, both of gold and of silver. They took there so much gold and silver, and so many treasures in money, and in raiment, and in books, as no man may tell to another, saying that they did it from affection to the monastery. They then betook themselves to the ships, proceeded to Ely, and there deposited all the treasures. The Danish men weened that they should overcome the Frenchmen; they then dispersed all the monks, none remaining there save one monk named Leofwine Lange; he lay sick in the sick man's ward. Then came abbot Turold, and eight times twenty Frenchmen with him, and all fully armed. When he came thither, he found within and without all burnt, save only the church. The outlaws were then all afloat, knowing that he would come thither. This was done on the day the Ivth of the Nones of June (Jun. 2nd). The two kings, William and 1 William Fitz Osbern, created by the Conqueror earl of Hereford. See for an account of him, Will. Gemmet. cc. VII. VIII. Ord. Vital. pp. 526, sq. (edit. Maseres, pp. 270,271). Roman de Rou, 11. pp. 122-126. VOL. II. W. Malmesb. pp. 431, 432, edit. 2" Janua ab australi parte monas- M 346. 347. An. M.LXXII. (M.LXXI.) In this year earl Eadwine and earl Morkere fled away, and went diversly in woods and in fields, until Eadwine was basely slain by his own men, and Morkere by ship went to Ely: and there came bishop Egelwine, and Sigeward Barn, and many hundred men with them. But when king William was informed of that, he ordered out a naval force and a land-force, and beset the land all about, and wrought a bridge and went in, and the naval force on the water-side. And then all the outlaws went and surrendered to the king: these were bishop Ægelwine, and earl Morkere, and all who were with them, except Hereward only, and all who could flee away with him. And he boldly led them out, and the king took Svein, became reconciled, when the Danish men went out from Ely with all the aforesaid treasure, and conveyed it with them. When they came in the middle of the sea, a great storm came and scattered all the ships in which the treasures were: some went to Norway, some to Ireland, some to Denmark; and all that thither came were the crosier, and some shrines, and some roods, and many of the other treasures; and they brought them to a king's town called. . . ., and placed them all in the church. Then afterwards, through their heedlessness, and through their drunkenness, on one night the church was burnt, and all that was therein. Thus was the monastery of Peterborough burnt and plundered. May Almighty God have compassion on it through his great mercy. And thus the abbot Turold came to Peterborough, and the monks then came again, and did Christ's service in the church, which had a full sennight before stood without any kind of rite. When bishop Ægelric heard that say, he excommunicated all the men who had done the evil. Then there was a great famine this year; and in the summer came the fleet from the north out of the Humber into the Thames, and lay there two nights, and afterwards proceeded to Denmark. And count Baldwine died, and his son Arnulf succeeded to the government; and earl William was to be his guardian, and the king of the Franks also; but then came count Robert and slew his kinsman Arnulf and the earl, and put the king to flight, and slew many thousands of his men.a E. their ships and weapons and many treasures; and all the men he took, and did with them what he would. And bishop Ægelwine he sent to Abingdon, and he there died, in the winter, shortly after. An. M.LXXIII. (M.LXXII.) In this year king William led a naval force and a land-force to Scotland, and lay about that land with ships on the sea-side; and himself with his landforce went in over the 'ford, and he there found naught for which they were the better.' And king Malcolm came and made peace with king William, and gave hostages, and was his man; and the king went home with all his force. And bishop Ægelric died he was ordained bishop at York, but it was unjustly taken from him, and the bishopric of Durham given to him, and he had it while he would, and afterwards left it and went to Peterborough, to St. Peter's monastery, and there lived twelve years. Then after that king William had won England, he had him taken from Peterborough and sent him to Westminster. And he there died on the Ides of October (Oct. 15th), and is there buried within the monastery, in the porch of St. Nicholas. An. M.LXXIV. (M.LXXIII.) In this year king William led an English and French force over sea, and won the land of Le Maine. And the Englishmen greatly wasted the land; vineyards they ruined, and towns burned, and greatly wasted the land, and reduced it all into the hand of king William; and they afterwards went home to England. An. M.LXXV. In this year king William went over sea to Normandy; and Eadgar child came from the Flemings' land to Scotland, on St. Grimbald's mass-day (July 8th); and king Malcolm and his sister Margaret received him with An. M.LXXIV. In this year king William went over sea to Normandy, and Eadgar child came from Scotland to Normandy; and the king inlawed him and all his men ; and he 1 "His land-fyrde æt þam gewæde "in lædde."-led his land-force in at the ford, probably at the Forth.-E. "in loco qui dicitur Abernithici." Flor. Wigorn. Whence it would seem that he reached the Tay. "I cannot satisfactorily interpre this passage. Lingard renders it : "He there found naught that him "better was," which is not very intelligible. See his note. |