the upper tier, of zodiacal signs, runs an ornament formed of two cable mouldings between two bands of sharks' teeth. In the midst, however, of these cables and teeth, appear small representations of our Lord's resurrection, which are more appropriate to the Font than are the other designs. According to the reckoning of the Eastern Church, in the twelfth century, Christmas, or the Nativity of our Lord, was observed on the 6th of January. Accordingly, on this Font we find that January is called Christ-month. Above that name appears Aquarius with his water jar inverted; below, is a figure having two faces under one hood; in one hand he holds a Saxon horn, and in the other a goblet. Februari is surmounted by Pices the Fishes; while below is a man ploughing. Marchi has above it the name and form of Capricornus, a goat; while below a rustic prunes a tree. Avril has above it Taurus, and below is a man in long robes, bearing in each hand a tall plant. May is surmounted by The Twins (Gemini), wearing hats; while below that month's name rides a gentleman, with a hawk upon his wrist. Juni has the Crab (Cancer) above, and below is a rustic mower with scythe, whetstone and leg-guard. Julivs is surmounted by Leo, and beneath is a haymaker with broad brimmed hat, short coat, long boots and a rake; appropriate to the Saxon haymonth. Avgvst has above it a Virgin, holding a spike of corn; while below is a reaper, stooping down to cut corn with a sickle. The Saxons called August the Barn or Harvest month. Septembre is surmounted by Libra, a female figure holding even scales; while beneath stands a thresher, wielding his flail; his head and his feet are bare. Octobre is distinguished by a huge toad-like scorpion, and by a man, who standing in a wine-vat or cider-vat, holds in his right hand a conical bunch of grapes, like a pine apple. Novembre, surmounted by the equine Sagittarius (Sagvtarivs), with bow bent, is represented by a hooded and cloaked swineherd, who with crooked stick knocks down acorns, for a pig at his feet. Decembre shews, below, a butcher with hatchet raised on high to fell the ox (which must be salted down for winter food) with the pointed reverse of the hatchet blade. Above is a very singular and nondescript animal, which does duty as a second edition of Capricornus. It might have served better for Aries, which is omitted. This font is supposed to be of the twelfth century. It is 2 feet 1 inch in diameter, and 16 inches deep. Its circumference is about 6 feet. In the ornamental arcading, every fifth pillar rests upon a minute round arch, and thus divides the year into three terms. The workmanship has been ascribed to Norman or Flemish workmen. In Registers of the Consistory and Archdeacon's Courts, at Canterbury, there are copies of the wills of several parishioners of Brookland, and of other persons who mention this church: 1459 1463 1463 1462 1468 1471 1471 1471 1480 1484 Isabella (wife of Ric.) Rolfe, of Ivechurch, left 6d. to the Parish Tho Colyn, of Brokeland, left his best "co-oportorium " to this church, John Curteys, of Brokland, left 6d. to the high altar, 4d. to the Light of St Mary, and directed that a priest should here say masses for his soul during 6 months (Ibid. § 17). Gabriel Tylden, of Brokeland, left 8d. to the high altar, 4d. to the Thomas Jan, of Newchurch, left 20s. to the fabric of this church, and Parsons, in his Monuments in Kent, gives the inscriptions on some tombstones here.* *John Plomer, died 1615, æt. 48; M.P. for New Romney; had by Rebecca, dau. of Wm Jenkine, of Folkstone, 11 children. Wm Symons, of Brookland, died 1650, æt. 62. Nicholas Marsh, died 1636, æt. 45. Alice Marsh, of Brookland, widow, died 1650, æt. 79. Hy Barton, of Folkestone, died 1725; his wife Frances, dau, of Tho' Kirril, of Hadlow, died 1714; also their only son Kirril, died 1713. This church was sequestered by Archbishop Peckham,* but for what reason we do not know. The advowson was in the possession of St. Augustine's Abbey in 1314, when, probably, the first Bull of appropriation was granted, by Clement V., to Abbot Ralph Bourne, but on several occasions, when the Abbacy was vacant, or for other reasons, the King presented vicars to the benefice. Previously there had been rectors, of whom the names of three are upon record: William (29 Edward I),† Bartholomew de Ferentino (1249),‡ T. Mason.§ Admitted 1314-5 Feb. 1360 1376 Sep. 1377 Sep. 1384-5 Feb. 1390-1 Jan. VICARS OF BROOKLAND. Rob. Paulyn (Reynolds' Reg. 14). John de Hoghton (Thorn's Chronicle, Decem Script. col. 2088). Rob. atte Hulle (Sudbury's Reg. 114b). Tho Cokyl, of Selling, by exch., with atte Helle Wm. Wilflete, rec. of Stannysfield, Norwich, by Ric. Sextayne, resigned in 1404-5. March Rob. Marchal, vice Sextayne (Arundel's Reg. i. 302a). March 1404-5 1409 1410 July 1445 Sep. 1453 Aug. 1464 Aug. 1466 Nov. 1467 1474 Oct. Jno. Clyfford, vice Marchal, resigned (Ibid. ii. 52b). Wm. Enge, vice Hille (Stafford's Reg., 85a). Wm. Amy, vice Enge, deceased (Kemp's Reg., 325a). John Abele, vice Brede (Bourgchier's Reg., 89a). Rob Waynflete, Canon regular of St Augustine's, Ralph Blunte, vice Turnebull (Pole's Reg., 70). *Peckham's Register 61'. † Prynne, p. 906. § Thorn, Decem Script. col. 2088. Hasted gives, in vol. viii, pp. 387-8, the following addi 1677 Dec. Thomas Russell. Thos Johnson, obt 1727, rec. St Margaret's, Canterbury. The next seven vicars had all been minor canons of Canterbury. NEWENDEN NOT ANDERIDA. BY C. ROACH SMITH. THAT certain earthworks on the Lossenham estate, in the parish of Newenden in Kent, represent the remains of the Anderida of the Notitia, is a belief that has been current from the time of Camden, (the first, apparently, who held and published it,) down to the present day. This belief has been entertained by eminent men, and endorsed by Societies, notwithstanding the strong antagonistic opinions, which deny the possibility of these earthworks ever having been able to answer the conditions requisite for a Roman fortified and permanent station or castrum, such as Anderida, upon the Littus Saxonicum, must have possessed. The authorities, pro and con, are probably so well known, or at least so accessible, to the members of the Kent Archæological Society, that I need not even refer to them. Thus, I shall avoid transcribing an enormous amount of ingenious hypotheses, which have run into great length, chiefly because their propounders have neglected to take, as the basis of their arguments, a due consideration of what Anderida must have been; and also where it must have been situated, to explain its character and its position, as indicated by the Notitia. Should it, however, be thought necessary to review the discussion, Mr. Holloway's History of Romney Marsh may be consulted. The subject is there *London: J. Russell Smith, 1849. |