drée, Parquetes, &c., on the south side. Or, if in the day-time, you will pass to the southward of the Coq, by steering about S.E. from St. Matthew's Point, taking care to keep the north end of the isle of Beniguet open with it, until the mill upon the land to the northward bears N. by W., and the trees N., when you will have passed the rock. The Beuzec may be passed on either side; but the best way is to run to the northward of it, and along shore, at the distance of two cables' length from the latter, and thus sailing S.E. by E. E. across the entrance of the Bay of Bertheaume. In approaching the Goulet, be careful to avoid the Fillettes, Mengam, and other rocks, which lie in mid-channel, off the peninsula of Camaret; and carefully avoid also the Bagine or Kergutio Rocks, lying near the entrance of Brest Water, at about two cables' length from the north shore. Vessels may pass on either side of them, but the common passage is to the northward. When the town of Brest appears open of Portzic Point, you may steer for it, and anchor in 8 or 9 fathoms, or more to the southward, in 15 or 10 fathoms.

BREST, the principal station of the French navy, is situated partly on the slope of a hill on the north side of what may be considered one of the finest harbours in Europe. The town is not large, but is compactly built, and regularly fortified. The harbour consists of a large land-locked bay upwards of 20 miles in circumference, with two deep branches, the one of which receives the river of Landerneau, and the other the river of Aulne. It has but one narrow entrance defended by strong forts on both sides, and the interior is also commanded by formidable batteries. The water is deep enough for the largest vessels, and there is room sufficient for 500 sail of large ships to ride securely. The basin is 5 or 6 miles across, and the principal anchorage is about a mile from the town. A magnificent arsenal, the vast building slips, magazines and workshops, the barracks, built upon a long esplanade, are the principal buildings. The town is separated from the suburb of Recouvrance by a deep tide inlet, along side of which is the dockyard. There is also a bagne (bath) situated on the top of a hill, a large building sufficient to contain 4000 convicts. Brest is also the seat of one of the maritime prefects. It was but a fishing village till 1631, since which time it has risen to be a large and populous town. Besides the ordinary or civil population, there are about 3000 workmen attached to the dockyard, 2500 convicts, and a garrison of 4000 men.*

CAMARET.-The south side of the Goulet of Brest is formed by the peninsula of Kelernn, which is pretty bold and clear of all danger. Upon it there are several forts, which guard the approach to Brest. From hence the coast bends to the southward, forming the Bay of Camaret, in which vessels may ride in 8 and 10 fathoms, on a muddy bottom, sheltered from E.S.E., South, and S.W. winds. Here is also a small harbour, which dries at low water, and can therefore be frequented only by small craft, which lie sheltered from all winds.

About 2 miles to the westward of Camaret Bay is Point Toulinguet, upon which there are several batteries, and a lighthouse showing a fixed red light at 161 feet above the level of the sea, visible about 9 miles in clear weather. A ledge of rocks surrounds the point on every side, and extends out about a cable's length; and in a N.N.W. W. direction from the point there are

In July, 1846, a notice was issued from the British Consulate, to the effect that all vessels entering Brest Roads are to steer for the guard-ship, which is the outermost anchored ship, and is known by having a white-and-blue broad pendant at the fore, and by her having jury-masts. The ship coming in is hailed by the guard-ship, and told where to anchor. A yellow flag is sent on board, and must be kept flying until the ship is released from quarantine by an officer of the Board of Health, whose boat comes off from Brest as soon as possible.

several rocky islets and other dangers, separated from each other by narrow channels. The largest of these rocky islets is named the Toulinguet, and is always above water, but a rocky ledge extends from it to the south-westward about a quarter of a mile, which is uncovered only when the tide is down. You may sail through the passage between this rock and the shore in from 4 to 4 fathoms, by keeping in about mid-channel, but being careful to approach nearer the rock than the shore; and you may also pass to the westward of the rock, through the Passage du Petit Leac'h, by keeping the summit of the Paris Road, over Brest, exactly in the middle of the Goulet, which will carry you to the northward of the Pélen Rocks, between them and the Petit Léac'h Rock, upon which is a beacon, in from 7 to 14 fathoms, rocky bottom.

About 1 mile to the southward of Toulinguet Point is Pen-hir Point, which is steep and rocky, and has 5 or 6 large rocks, named Les Tas de Pois, extending off to the south-westward nearly three-quarters of a mile. These rocks are always above water, and are steep-to on all sides. From these rocky islets the coast bends to the E.S.E., and runs in that direction about 2 miles to the small sandy bay of Dinant, in which are 64 to 3 fathoms, shoaling gradually as you approach the head of the bay. The coast then trends to the southward, about 4 miles, to Point la Chévre, which is forked and makes in two points, and has some small rocks about it, and a sandy spit of 34 to 6 fathoms running out above a mile into the sea, in a W. by S. S. direction.

There are several dangerous rocks in your way from Dinant Bay to Point la Chévre, which lie more or less at a distance from the shore. In a W. N. direction, distant 1 mile, from Point Dinant, is a small rock which appears only at low water, named La Chévre; and in the same direction, but threequarters of a mile farther out, is Le Chevreau, another rocky spot, covered every tide between and round these dangers are 11 and 12 fathoms water, rocky ground. At 2 miles, N.W. by N., from Point la Chévre, is a rock, named Le Bouc, which appears at every low tide; and W.N.W. W., distant a mile, from Le Bouc, is the Basse du Bouc, a knoll with 6 fathoms on it, which lies with Le Bouc Rock and the Islet of Guénéron in a line, bearing E.S.E. E. The Islet Guénéron is small, and surrounded with a rocky ledge: it lies close to the shore at about 1 mile to the northward of Point la Chévre, and has deep water close to it on all sides, but no passage between it and the main.

DOUARNENEZ BAY lies immediately to the eastward of Point la Chévre, and is exceedingly capacious and commodious, having a very wide entrance, and ground so clear as well as such regular soundings, as to require no leadingmark, and, if a proper berth is given to the rocks laid down in the chart, no danger can be incurred.

At the entrance of the bay and nearly 24 miles, W.S.W. S., from Point la Chévre, is a rock, named the Basse Vieille, which is above the surface of the water only at low tide, at that time appearing about 5 feet in height. It is steep-to on all sides, and at half a mile from it are 10 to 17 fathoms, so that in entering the bay considerable caution is necessary to avoid it. It lies with the following marks: the westernmost of the rocks named the Tas de Pois in one with the western part of Toulinguet Islet, and the Men-cos Rock off the eastern part of Point la Chévre in one with Kidizient Mill bearing E. by N. N.

The course from a position of about two miles off the south-western part of Ushant Island to the entrance of this bay will be S.S.E. E., 9 or 10 leagues. There will be nothing in the way to take your vessel up, until you arrive at the Basse Vieille, which you may avoid by observing a clump of trees, with a little chapel in the midst, which stand on the north side to the eastward of

Point la Chévre, having a windmill to the westward, and two to the eastward. When the windmill next to the eastward of these trees comes just open of Point la Chèvre, you will have passed the rock, and may steer for what part of the bay you please, all being fair and clear, excepting what may be seen above water, and what may be near the shore. The best ground is, however, considered to be that toward the north side of the bay, the bottom being of clear sand, in a depth of from 9 to 15 fathoms. The general depths over the bay are from 18 to 12 fathoms, and all, as before observed, is clean ground.

From Point la Chevre the bay runs in to the eastward for an extent of about 4 leagues, and has a general breadth of full 6 miles. In the northern part of the bay there are several spots of rocky and foul ground, some of which appear above water, but they all have deep water about them of 4 to 8 fathoms, so that vessels frequenting the anchorage in this part of the bay will have to take precaution that they may avoid them. The outermost of these rocky patches is La Pierre Profonde, which is a small rock always above water; and a little to the northward of this is Le Taureau, covered at high tide; and about half a mile to the eastward of these is Les Verrés, to the northward of which, and near the land, is the Laber Rock. A little to the northward of Le Taureau is Le Rip, a knoll, of 5 fathoms water; and nearer to the coast is another spot, with only 22 feet. Within these is the Cove of Morgat, adjacent to the town of Crozon, which is distinguished by a high black tower.

If bound to Douarnenez, the best course will be to the southward of La Vieille Rock, as you may steer towards the town without any impediment whatever until past Point Leide, to the eastward of which are two small sandbanks, named Basse Meur and Basse Neuve, the former having 17 or 18 feet water over it, the latter 8 and 9 feet: by keeping out a mile from the land, you will avoid both. You will find good anchorage, in 6 or 5 fathoms water, opposite to the town, or still less depth as you near the land.

From Douarnenez the coast runs in a westerly direction to Point le Van, a distance of about 16 miles, the coast between being high and steep, having several steep points projecting into the sea, which are dangerous to approach being surrounded with rocks. The depths between vary from 22 to 25 fathoms, fine sand the greater part of the way, but changing to rocky bottom on advancing westerly.

Point le Van has numerous rocks and rocky patches about it, which extend in a westerly direction from it about one mile. At a mile, N.E., from the point, is a rock named Basse Jaune, which dries 2 feet in height when the tide is down; it is surrounded with a bank of 7 to 10 fathoms, and lies with Le Chlec Rock in one with the extremity of the Bec du Raz. Between it and the shore are 18 to 20 fathoms, but no attempt should be made to pass between, as it is rocky about Point le Van.

From Point le Van the coast bends round to the westward to the Bec du Raz, a distance of 1 mile, and forms the small bay of Trépassés, in which are soundings of 16 to 4 fathoms, shoaling gradually upon a bottom of fine grey sand.

THE ILE DE SEIN or SAINTS is a low flat island lying 44 miles, W.N.W., from the Bec du Raz, being separated from it by a channel of 15 to 18 fathoms, sandy bottom* The Bec du Raz must have a good berth given it, as several rocks lie to the W.N.W of it, of which the highest is called the

At the north-eastern part of the island is a small harbour frequented by the coasting vessels, which anchor in safety on a bottom of gravelly mud. The harbour is dry at low water, and there are several ledges of rock to be avoided when entering; so that none but those well acquainted can rnu for this place.

Vielle, or Old Woman, and is the furthermost from the land; near this, at about half a cable's length distance, is a rock under water, named La Platta. The western side of the Passage du Raz is boundnd by a ridge of rocks, which extends a considerable distance from the island, named the Pont des Chats or Cat's Bridge. Some of these rocks uncover at low tide, and the easternmost one bears from La Vielle nearly west, distant 2 miles; consequently, in using this channel, considerable caution is necessary not to approach the island too closely.

To the N.N.W. of the Bec du Raz is a bank of rocks, which divides the northern entrance of the Raz Passage into two channels. The largest of these islets or rocks is named the Trevennec, and appears very conspicuous, as it is high and can be seen at a considerable distance. It bears from the Ile de Sein E.N.E.E., distant 24 miles, and is surrounded by rocks principally under water, so that in going through the channel great caution is necessary to avoid them, more particularly as the stream sets over them with considerable force; for it is to be observed that here the tides run very strongly, the flood to the northward and the ebb to the southward. It is high water, on the days of full and change, at 33h.

THE CHAUSSEE DE SEIN is that dangerous ridge of rocks which extends in a N.W. W. direction, for a distance of 9 miles, from the great island. Many of the rocks dry at low water, but should not be approached too near, as little or no warning is given by the lead, there being from 30 to 45 fathoms within a mile of them on a bottom of rock and broken shells. The most dangerous part of the Chaussée is that nearest the Ile de Sein, where for about a space of about 4 miles the ridge is studded with rocks more or less above water, and which takes the name of Pont de Sein or Saint's Bridge. The outermost point of the Chaussée de Sein bears from St. Matthew's Point Lighthouse W.S.W.S., distant 21 miles, and from the south-eastern point of Ushant S. by W. W., distant 244 miles.

When sailing in the vicinity of this dangerous reef of rocks the greatest circumspection will be necessary, and a near approach should not be made unless you have on board a good pilot from the Ile de Sein, as it is possible that all the dangers may not yet have been discovered.

Between the Saints and the group of islets and rocks in the space within Ushant, is the channel named the Iroise, in which is a depth of 50 to 30 fathoms, soundings of sand, rock, and putrid shells. There the flood runs

to the N.W. and the ebb to the S.E.; and it is high water at 4h. to 44h. The lighthouse erected on the northern point of the Ile de Sein shows a flashing or intermitting light of the first order, which appears at an elevation of 148 feet above the level of high water. The flashes appear every four minutes, being preceded and followed by short eclipses, which, however, are not total within the distance of 10 miles. The weaker light, which continues about three minutes, between the flashes, is visible in clear weather at a distance of 6 leagues.

A lighthouse also stands on the highest part of the Bec du Raz, which shows a fixed light at 259 feet above the level of high water. In clear weather it may be seen 6 leagues off.

The Sein light is 5 sea miles from the Bec du Raz light, on the bearing of N. 86° 50′ W. This bearing, which is likewise the general direction of the whole chain of rocks named the Chaussée de Sein, passes about 4 cables' length to the southward of the north-western extreme of the chain, which is 9 miles from the Sein light, and 144 miles from that on the Bec du Raz.

In approaching these rocks from the westward, the first light seen will be the flashing light on the Ile de Sein, and a single bearing of it will indicate

to the mariner whether he is to the northward or southward of the line of direction of the two lights. In clear weather the Bec du Raz light will not be seen till the vessel is within 4 or 5 miles of the western extreme of the chain of rocks.

When it is intended to pass to the southward of the rocks, a course should be steered so as to open the light on the Bec du Raz to the right, or southward of that on the Île de Sein. But if it be intended to pass to the northward, or to enter the Iroise, no time should be lost in quickly opening the Bec du Raz light to the left or northward of that on the Ile de Sein.

The Ile de Sein light bears a good resemblance to the Penfret light (on one of the Glenan islands) but this resemblance cannot occasion any mistake, as the light of Penfret is within the horizon of the great light of Penmark, the flashes of which are at half minute intervals, and which, in fine weather, are seen as far as the Bec du Raz.

In sailing through the Passage du Raz from the southward, the Trevennec may be passed on either side, but the Eastern Channel is considered the best, although the other, with a scant wind, gives a ship the advantage of laying through with tacking, and the stream within it is weaker.

About 3 miles, S. by W., from the western extremity of the Chaussée is a small patch of 19 fathoms, named Fouquet Bank, from the name of the pilot who discovered it. It is of a very small extent, but has deep water of 25 to 30 fathoms close-to, with soundings of rock and small shells. The sea breaks on it occasionally, but never so violently as on the Chaussée de Sein. About 2 leagues to the S.E. of the Bec du Raz is a small bay named i ort Cabestan, but it is a by-place, so that vessels very rarely anchor here, only running for it in cases of necessity. The entrance to the road is between rocks which dry at low water.

From the Bec du Raz the land trends to the S.S.E. a distance of 20 miles to Penmark Point, the coast bending in and forming an extensive bay named Audierne Bay, in which are soundings of from 20 to 6 fathoms. In the northern part of the bay is a cluster of shallow patches of 2 to 4 fathoms, with 8 to 9 fathoms between them and the shore, and 13 to 14 fathoms closeto, outside. The shallowest of these patches, named Les Ninkinou, lies opposite Plougof Church, at about 1 mile from the land, with the Bec du Raz lighthouse bearing N. by W. W., distant 3 miles.

Nearly 7 miles from the Bec du Raz is the small harbour of Audierne, which can be entered at high water only, but vessels when inside may lie sheltered from all winds. Before it is the rocky bank of La Gamelle, situated about a mile from the shore, on either side of which vessels may safely pass, by keeping near the land. Between this bank and the shore, on both sides, are several sunken rocks. It is high water here, on the days of full and change, at 4 o'clock.

From Audierne the land is high until within a few miles of Penmark Point, when it sinks into a valley, in which are a village and several churches. At three-quarters of a mile, S.S.W., from the town are a number of rocks, of which some are always above water. On the land side of them are some channels, which can be used by boats and small vessels, but the navigation of them is very difficult, and only known to the fishermen of the coast.

Just round to the northward of Penmark Point is the small bay of La Torche, in the lower part of which, at a place named Portz-carne, vessels of moderate size can take the ground without risk, when embayed in the Bay of Audierne and unable to double the rocks of Penmark, or to keep the sea. From hence to the River of Pont l'Abbé, the shore is bordered by rocks, which extend out nearly a league from the land, so that in running along the coast it will al