To the E. and N.E. of Penfret Island, on which side it is steep-to and free from danger, there is excellent anchorage in from 15 to 20 fathoms, mnddy bottom, at the distance of from 1 to 2 miles. Here ships may lie well sheltered from the W., S.W., N.W., N., and N.E. winds, being exposed only to those from between the E. and S., and in that direction the shoals of Basse Jaune, &c., reduce the force of the sea.

In the winter, the safest anchorage is well to the northward, with the flagstaff of the fort bearing W.S.W., and the north hill on Penfret S. by E. E., about 2 miles distant, in 16 fathoms water, good holding-ground. If a situation nearer the island be preferable, for the purpose of watering, the flag-staff may be brought on with the extreme northern part of Penfret, bearing W. N., and the rocks, which are to the S.E. of Penfret, S. by E. E. This spot is about 1 mile from the island; depth, 15 fathoms, good ground, but more exposed than the former during S.E. or southerly gales.

A little to the north of the Glenan Islands is a rocky bank named the Pourceaux. Many heads of the rocks appear above water. To the north of the Pourceaux Rocks are the Mouton or Sheep's Island and Bank; and to the westward of this group, towards Benodet Bay, are a number of dangerous shoals and rocks, some of which appear at low tide.

The passage between the Glenan Islands and the Pourceaux Bank, is about three-quarters of a mile wide, and has soundings in it of from 10 to 14 fathoms, sand, mud, and clay. To sail through it, you bring the outer rock, which lies E. N., distant a full half mile, from St. Nicholas Island, on with the north point of Penfret Island, and sail on thus until Cygogne Fort flag-staff comes just open of St. Nicholas Island; then steer directly E., which will carry you into 14 and 15 fathoms water, where you may anchor.

The southernmost cluster of rocks of the Glenan group, is the Jument, which is a reef of half a mile in extent, the eastern part of which is the shoalest, and has over it not more thon 2 or 3 feet of water. The depth increases quickly to the southward, for at the distance of half a mile are 22 to 24 fathoms; but, on the north side, and clear of the shoal, there are overfalls of 5 and 7 fathoms, and probably of a less depth. On the shoalest part, St. Philibert's Church appears on with the low south point of Penfret, bearing N.E. by E. E.; the flag-staff of Fort Cygogne on with the middle of the low flat island, or rather nearest to its western end, N.E. N., and the western rocks N. † W., 2 miles from the flat island.

At the distance of a league to the eastward of the Jument Rock, is a small reef named Basse an Ero, which is not so extensive as the former. At low ebbs, a small part of it is even with the water. About it there is shoal water of 5 to 7 fathoms. On its shoalest part, the highest of the rocks, S.E. from Penfret, about 3° open of the N.E. part of that isle, bears N. E.; the upper part of a remarkable peaked rock, which is seen just over the south point of the flat island, N.W. & N., close to the south of a large black rock, which is about half-way to the island. The Basse an Ero is nearly 2 miles from

Penfret.

About 1 mile to the southward of the Basse an Ero, are some patches of from 5 to 10 fathoms, named the Laouenou. Close to these small shoals are 10 to 17 fathoms, and to the eastward and southward of them, at the distance of half a mile, are 20 to 30 fathoms.

At rather more than 2 miles to the eastward of the Glenan group is an extensive bank of 8 to 15 fathoms, named the Basse Jaune. On the eastern side of this bank is a cluster of shoal spots with 6 to 4 feet on them; one of them also dries. The marks for this dry rock are, Cygogne Fort open 50' to the left of Castel Raet Rock, and the western part of the summit of Locrenan

Mountain, at the bottom of Forest Bay, on with the eastern slope of Begmeil high land bearing N. W. Another mark that has been given for these patches is, the little Men-du Rock, a little to the westward of St. Philibert's Church, and on with some blue-slated houses. These blue-slated houses will then appear on with the centre of the small sandy bay which is immediately to the eastward of the fort on Trevignon Point.

The Pignon is a small rock of 5 fathoms, situate upon the Basse Jaune Bank. Around it are irregular soundings and a rocky bottom. It lies nearly E.S.E. from the middle of Penfret Island, distant 3 miles, with the church of Tregune on with Menhuelon Wood, which lies further inland, and Vaux Glenan Island in one with Castel Raet Rock, the small rock in the middle of the sandy Bay of Penfret.

The mark to sail between the Glenan Islands and the Basse Jaune Bank, is Mouton Island open a little to the north of the north point of Penfret Island, which will lead through in the deepest water, in from 25 to 15 fathoms, sand, mud, gravel, and rocky soundings. It is high water at the Glenan Islands, on the days of full and change, at 3h. 26m. The eastern or flood tide usually runs about an hour longer, where it is uninterrupted. Vertical rise, 12 to 18 feet. Velocity, to 2 miles.

According to M. Beautemps Beaupré's charts, there is a small shoal of 9 fathoms, lying about 3 miles to the eastward of the Basse Jaune Rock. It is named the Basse Doun, and has 25 to 15 fathoms a short distance from it on all sides. Its position is in the line of direction in which is seen Fort Cygogne open 50' to the left of Castel Raet Rock.

THE ILE DE GROIX lies about 6 leagues to the S.E. by E. of the Glenan Islands, and nearly 3 miles from the main-land. The island is about 4 miles long, and 1 mile broad, lying in a S.E. by E. and N.W. by W. direction. It is defended by batteries, and is distinguished by its lighthouses.

The coasts of the island are clean all round, the eastern and south-eastern sides excepted, from which rocky reefs extend some considerable distance. The reef extending from the eastern extremity of the island, runs out from the island nearly half a mile. It is named the Basses Milit, and dries in many places at low tide. Close to these rocks are 9 to 13 fathoms, so that great caution is necessary to avoid them. The reef at the south-eastern end of the island is named Les Chats. It is situated at the extremity of a rocky reef which extends to the distance of nearly a mile from Point des Chats, and frequently dries at low water. No passage must be attempted between this rock and the shore, as such an attempt would undoubtedly prove fatal, there being numerous ledges in the way, which appear when the tide is out. Nearly a mile westward of the Chats, in the direction of Point d'Enfer, there are also some shallow spots which must be avoided.

A small shoal of 12 feet, named the Basse des Chats, and by the English, the Venerable Rock, lies S. by E., distant 1 mile, from the Point des Chats. Its marks are, Point d'Enfer and Point St. Nicholas, the southern extremities of the island in one, and Point L'Orient tower in one with the citadel of Port Louis. There is a small patch of 4 fathoms a little to the north-westward of this rock, but in every other part between the Venerable Rock and Les Chats ridge there is deep water. It is recommended, however, that in approaching Point L'Orient, you keep outside the rock.

The northern side of the Ile de Groix is bordered with a bank of 7 to 15 fathoms, sand, mud, and gravel. It is named the Basse des Bretons, and extends about half-way over the north approach to L'Orient Harbour. When bound to Port L'Orient, and sailing to the north of the Ile de Groix, it is requisite to give the northern side of the channel a good berth, on account of

a dangerous rocky ledge named the Grasu, which lies full half a mile from the shore. The whole extent of the northern side of the channel from Point Talut to L'Orient Harbour is rocky, and should not be approached too closely until the entrance of the river has been made.

On Pen-men Point, the north-western extremity of the island, there is a lighthouse which exhibits a fixed light at the height of 75 feet from the ground, and 194 feet above the level of high water. If the weather is favourable, it can be seen at the distance of 6 leagues.

On Fort de la Croix at the eastern point of the island is a white light which is varied every 3 minutes by a red flash, preceded and followed by short eclipses. It is visible all round the horizon, except in the direction of the Glenan Islands, when it is hidden by the heights on the western part of the Ile de Groix.

It may be observed that vessels coming from the southward will perceive the light on Belle Island, which revolves every minute, before the light on Pen-men Point can be seen; and that in approaching the Ile de Groix, the flashing light on the eastern point of the island, will be seen at the same time as the light on Pen-men Point. In like manner vessels coming from the westward, will be exposed to no risk of mistaking the lights, for before the light on Pen-men Point will be visible, they will almost always have seen the great Penmark Light, already described, and also the light on Penfret Island, which flashes every 4 minutes.

PORT LOUIS has a most excellent harbour, but the entrance is rendered difficult of access by numerous rocks. The town stands on the eastern side, and is fortified. To run into the harbour the mark is, the edge of the citadel in a line with St. Catherine's little Convent, standing upon a point projecting into the sea, east of St. Michael's Island; and when you are within the citadel, anchor in 5 or 6 fathoms; or, if it should be high tide, run aground under the town to the northward, for at low water you cannot come under the town, it being dry every tide.

L'ORIENT is about 2 miles above Port Louis, at the bottom of the bay formed by the rivers Pont-scorf and Blavet.

The following directions are from those of M. D'Apres de Mannevillette :"Whether you weigh from the Ile de Groix, or are approaching from the offing, to pass to the westward of the Truies or Sows,* which is marked by a beacon, through the great channel, steer so as to keep Larmor Tower E.N.E., till the southern mill of Kerbel, standing to the eastward of Port Louis, is in one with the extremity of the fortifications of the town. With the latter mark on you will sail in mid-channel between the Saisies of Larmor and the Sows, and as soon as you are so far advanced as to perceive the high land of Pennemane in one with the western corner of the citadel of Port Louis, steer in that direction, till the westernmost point of St. Michael's Island is brought on with a white mark lying to the westward of the storehouses of L'Orient Harbour; this will lead safe between the Jument Rock, on which is a beacon, and the foot of the citadel. From this situation ships, as most convenient, may pass either to the westward of St. Michael's, or between St. Michael's and St. Catherine's.

"When past the Jument you may sail either to the eastward or westward of St. Michael's Island. If taking the western passage you will proceed until Keroman's House is in one with the miller's white house by the mill near

The Saisies of Larmor cover at three-quarters flood. The Truies are entirely covered at spring. ebbs, and covered at half-ebb. The Errants are never completely under water, but dry at low water about 10 feet above the surface. Inside the harbour, the Paix, Potée de Beurre, and Jument all appear above the surface at low tide.

C

the shore, leaving on the starboard a rock of 12 feet, and on the port or larboard side another named the Hog, covered at half-tide, and marked by a beacon. You will thus pass between the Turk and the Kerneval Bank; the former has a buoy at its southern extremity, and has only 2 feet water on it. Sail on in the above direction, until you have the white mark of the storehouse in one with a single house on the beach, till athwart of St. Michael's, when you may proceed for the road of Pennemane, leaving the half-tide rock named Pengarne, on which is a beacon, on the starboard side.

The mark for the eastern passage is, the corner wall of St. Catherine's garden in one with a white house standing in the middle of Nezenel Town. This takes you athwart of the south end of St Catherine's, and should be kept on until the little wood of Kerbel, near Port Louis, is seen through the causeway or stone bridge which joins St. Catherine to the main. You will. thus pass the Pengarne, which is to be left on the starboard, and when you are a ship's length within it, proceed for the road. It is, however, to be observed, that vessels drawing more than 21 feet cannot make Pennemane Road unless at high water, spring tides; in that case you must anchor at Port Louis.

"In passing the Errants, by mid-channel, it will be necessary to bring L'Orient Tower in one with the western bastion of Port Louis Citadel, at as great a distance as possible,* by which you will leave the Errants on the port or larboard, and the Bastresses Rocks, which are generally marked with a buoy, on the starboard side. You will also pass the Three Stones; and when you have proceeded so far as to bring the fountain on the beach of Gavre in one with the single tree N.E. of the village, keep Larmor Windmill on with two houses nearest the Point of Larmor. You will then enter the great channel, at the point from whence the high land of Pennemane may be seen in one with the western corner of Port Louis Citadel, and may proceed as already directed."

The eastern or Gavre Channel, the passage under Point de Gavre, is used by small vessels only, and being intricate, should not be attempted unless well acquainted. The mark is Larmor windmill in one with the two houses nearest the extremity of the point, which will carry you into the great channel, when you may proceed as before directed.

It is high water, on the days of full and change, between Port Louis and L'Orient at 4th. The rise of tide, at springs, is about 15 feet.

From Port Louis the coast bends to the southward towards the peninsula of Quiberon. The distance from the port to Beg-en-aud Point, the northern extremity of the peninsula, is 13 miles, and the land between is, in general, low, with downs, &c; but there are several rocks off it at a considerable distance from the shore.

The first of these dangers with which we meet, after leaving Port Louis, is the ledge named the Daniel Rocks, which lie about a mile from Point de Gavre, and dry at low water. About the same distance to the southward of Point de Gavre, there are some spots of 34 fathoms, named the Basses de Gavre, which have deep water close-to of 6 fathoms. At 34 miles from the same headland, and close to the shore, are some rocks named La Vache; and a mile farther on, in the same direction, is a rocky ledge which extends a considerable distance from the shore, and appears above the surface of the water when the tide is out. It is named the Rocks of Magoëro, and behind it on the shore is a beacon.

* It should be observed that this mark must not be used until you are past the Point des Chats, the south-eastern extremity of the Ile de Groix, as it is the mark for the Basse des Chats or Venerable Rock, mentioned in Page 16, and upon which are only 12 feet water.

At the distance of 2 miles from the Rocks of Magoëro is the small River d'Etel, the entrance to which is impeded by a bar, and about a mile from the mouth of the river, in a north-westerly direction, are two rocks named Roheu, which are 18 feet above the surface at low water. From the entrance of the river southward to Point d'Ardevenne, the distance is rather more than a mile. This point is rocky all round to some considerable extent, and many small heads of rocks appear at low tide, the principal of which is named Rohellan, and is always dry. At 2 miles to the south-westward of the point is an extensive rocky bank of 5 to 7 fathoms, with numerous patches of a much less depth upon it, there being in many places not more than 10 feet water. Upon the western part of this bank are some rocks named the Black Stones, or Chiviguete Rocks, which dry at low water; they lie with Ardevenne Church in one with the centre of Rohellan Rock, and Men-toul Rock in one with the southern part of Fort Penthiévre. All round this bank are 8 to 10 fathoms, grey sand and rocky soundings.

From Point d'Ardevenne to Beg-en-aud Point the distance is nearly 6 miles, the shore being low all the way, until you get near the last-mentioned point, when it rises a little and becomes bolder. A short distance from this point is Fort Penthievre, which has already been given as a mark for the Chiviguete Rocks. Here, at a mile from the shore, are the Teviec Islet and other rocks, which extend still farther to the northward, and are exceedingly dangerous to vessels rounding the Peninsula of Quiberon. These rocks join Beg-en-aud Point, and run to the northward of it nearly 3 miles, so that no stranger should approach this part of the coast too near.

About 5 miles to the westward of Beg-en-aud Point is the Birvideaux Shoal, an extensive bank of 4 to 7 fathoms, rocky soundings. Near the centre there is much less water, there being in one place a depth of only 8 feet, which lies with Portivi windmill in one with Point du Portz-guen, bearing E. S., and Borderun Semaphore, on Belle Isle, in one with the guard-house of the battery on Point du Vieux Chateaux, bearing S. by W. Between this bank and Belle Isle is deep water of 20 to 25 fathoms, increasing gradually as you approach the island, the bottom being rocky near the bank.

From Beg-en-aud Point the land to the southward, forming the Peninsula of Quiberon, is high, and appears with a bold cliffy shore. Off its southern extremity it is foul to a considerable distance, there being many rocks both above and under water. Of these the outermost, named the Teignouse, is distinguished by a lighthouse, showing a light which flashes every 3 minutes. The lantern is 59 feet above high water, and each flash of the light is preeeded and followed by short eclipses. It can be seen in clear weather about 10 miles off.

The Teignouse Rock is a large high round rock, and is distant from the extremity of Quiberon Peninsula about 1 mile, and there exists no passage by which vessels may sail within the lighthouse, as between the rock and the shore is all foul ground. But outside the lighthouse, between it and the Beniguet Islands, is a channel named the Teignouse Channel, which is frequently used.

BELLE ISLE is extensive, being nearly 10 miles long and 3 to 4 miles broad, and being high and steep, may be seen at a considerable distance: it also affords good shelter during westerly and south-westerly gales. The island is well cultivated, producing corn in abundance; it is also strongly fortified, batteries commanding its most accessible parts.

The north-western extremity of the island lies in lat. 47° 23′ 18′′ N. and long. 3° 14′ W., and is rocky to a considerable distance off; a reef, named the Poulains, surrounding the point to the extent of about a mile. Many of