wars he necessary to give it a wide Jern These rocks have deep water nose to them. here we hear her witer eize a depth of 20 to 30 fathoms, sand, „Tavel, and -netis: aut in somat r ́m the westvari, you will be clear of vi langer Tom nem, when Setzer Charen sumes in one with the signalpost house next 3av

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About 20 miles u te arvari of Penmark Point is Benodet Bay, in which are soun um feudams, De Face & Sc besprinkled with dangers, Ta vika wand a my hearts with the day, a plot becomes indis

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Ôn Pang ôi Cág a shut istance within the entrance, is a fixed red light, at 55 geet shong Dự sok male 11 mies; c at 191 yands, N. 14° W., from this is unrcher tævet, 103. Man of the ordinary evicur: this is 56 feet above the

The mack ke sanchoring in Benoist Bay is the eastern point of Pen-angnern. Fock, stranded a brat esstrand of Monton's Isle, in one with the lighthouse on Pentret Island bearing S NEJE In steering from hence to the entrance of the river, caution is necessary to avoid the Mats, Taro,* and other dangers which be about a mile from the eastern shore. The mark to run into the river is the two lighthouses on Point àu Coq in one, which will lead up in mid-channel between the Verres and Four Rocks and the rocky ledge, named the Rousse, in from 6 to 4 fathoms. When approaching Fort du Coq, yon steer up the river in mid-channel, and anchor before the town of Benodet in from 3 to 7 fathomis, sand and mud with a little gravel.

CONCARNEAU-About 6 miles to the eastward of Benodet is Forest Bay, the land between being bordered by shoals and rocks, many of which appear at low tide; it therefore is necessary to be very cautious when navigating this part. On the western side of Forest Bay is Beg-meil Point, distinguished by a battery and signal-post, off which a rocky ledge extends about three-quarters of a mile. and on the opposite side is Fort Cabellou, with several dangerous ledges close-to. Forest Bay has a great many shoals in it, with several rocks

The marks for this rock are Tregune Church in one with Point Mousterlin, and Benodet Church in one with Fort du Coq. This latter mark also clears, to the westward, the dangerous rocks which extend nearly 2 miles to the southward of Mousterlin Point.

to the mariner whether he is to the northward or southward of the line of direction of the two lights. In clear weather the Bec du Raz light will not be seen till the vessel is within 4 or 5 miles of the western extreme of the chain of rocks.

When it is intended to pass to the southward of the rocks, a course should be steered so as to open the light on the Bec du Raz to the right, or southward of that on the Île de Sein. But if it be intended to pass to the northward, or to enter the Iroise, no time should be lost in quickly opening the Bec du Raz light to the left or northward of that on the Ile de Sein.

The Ile de Sein light bears a good resemblance to the Penfret light (on one of the Glenan islands) but this resemblance cannot occasion any mistake, as the light of Penfret is within the horizon of the great light of Penmark, the flashes of which are at half minute intervals, and which, in fine weather, are seen as far as the Bec du Raz.

In sailing through the Passage du Raz from the southward, the Trevennec may be passed on either side, but the Eastern Channel is considered the best, although the other, with a scant wind, gives a ship the advantage of laying through with tacking, and the stream within it is weaker.

About 3 miles, S. by W., from the western extremity of the Chaussée is a small patch of 19 fathoms, named Fouquet Bank, from the name of the pilot who discovered it. It is of a very small extent, but has deep water of 25 to 30 fathoms close-to, with soundings of rock and small shells. The sea breaks on it occasionally, but never so violently as on the Chaussée de Sein. About 2 leagues to the S.E. of the Bec du Raz is a small bay named i ort Cabestan, but it is a by-place, so that vessels very rarely anchor here, only running for it in cases of necessity. The entrance to the road is between rocks which dry at low water.

From the Bec du Raz the land trends to the S.S.E. a distance of 20 miles to Penmark Point, the coast bending in and forming an extensive bay named Audierne Bay, in which are soundings of from 20 to 6 fathoms. In the northern part of the bay is a cluster of shallow patches of 2 to 4 fathoms, with 8 to 9 fathoms between them and the shore, and 13 to 14 fathoms closeto, outside. The shallowest of these patches, named Les Ninkinou, lies opposite Plougof Church, at about 1 mile from the land, with the Bec du Raz lighthouse bearing N. by W. W., distant 3 miles.

Nearly 7 miles from the Bec du Raz is the small harbour of Audierne, which can be entered at high water only, but vessels when inside may lie sheltered from all winds. Before it is the rocky bank of La Gamelle, situated about a mile from the shore, on either side of which vessels may safely pass, by keeping near the land. Between this bank and the shore, on both sides, are several sunken rocks. It is high water here, on the days of full and change, at 4 o'clock.

From Audierne the land is high until within a few miles of Penmark Point, when it sinks into a valley, in which are a village and several churches. At three-quarters of a mile, S.S.W., from the town are a number of rocks, of which some are always above water. On the land side of them are some channels, which can be used by boats and small vessels, but the navigation of them is very difficult, and only known to the fishermen of the coast.

Just round to the northward of Penmark Point is the small bay of La Torche, in the lower part of which, at a place named Portz-carne, vessels of moderate size can take the ground without risk, when embayed in the Bay of Audierne and unable to double the rocks of Penmark, or to keep the sea. From hence to the River of Pont l'Abbé, the shore is bordered by rocks, which extend out nearly a league from the land, so that in running along the coast it will al

ways be necessary to give it a wide berth. These rocks have deep water close to them, there being near to their outer edge a depth of 20 to 30 fathoms, sand, gravel, and shells; but in coming from the westward, you will be clear of all danger from them, when Beuzec Church comes in one with the signalpost house in Forest Bay.

The lighthouse on Penmark Point stands near the church of St. Pierre, and shows a revolving light of the first-class, the eclipses of which take place at half-minute intervals. It is 135 feet above the sea, and visible 22 miles. In ordinary weather, the eclipses do not appear total within the distance of 3 leagues.

About 10 miles to the eastward of Penmark Point is Benodet Bay, in which are soundings of 4 to 9 fathoms; but the place is so besprinkled with dangers, that when bound to any of the places within the bay, a pilot becomes indispensable.

On the west side of the bay is the little river of Du Pont l'Abbé, which is accessible only at high water, being barred with banks, through which is a small navigable channel at high tide. When within the entrance the channel deepens, and small vessels may ride at anchor under shelter of the small island of Tudy, and opposite the village of Loctudy.

QUIMPER RIVER lies about 3 miles to the eastward of the River Pont l'Abbé, there being several dangerous rocks between that must be carefully avoided, and a strand of sand lines the shore, and extends some considerable distance into the sea. The entrance of the river is of considerable breadth, and has a moderate depth of water, there being at low tide from 3 to 4 fathoms in the fairway. On each side of the entrance there is a battery, and a rocky ledge extends from the shore on either side a short distance out. There are also two small rocky shoals in the middle of the entrance named Les Verres and Le Four, and near the western point of the river is another named La Rousse, all of which dry at low water. It is high water here, on the days of full and change, at about half-past 3 or 4 o'clock.

On Point du Coq, a short distance within the entrance, is a fixed red light, at 33 feet above the sea, visible 11 miles; and, at 291 yards, N. 14° W., from this is another fixed light, but of the ordinary colour: this is 56 feet above the sea, and can be seen 13 miles.

The mark for anchoring in Benodet Bay is the eastern point of Pen-anguern Rock, situated a little eastward of Mouton's Isle, in one with the lighthouse on Penfret Island bearing S. by E. E. In steering from hence to the entrance of the river, caution is necessary to avoid the Mats, Taro,* and other dangers which lie about a mile from the eastern shore. The mark to run into the river is the two lighthouses on Point du Coq in one, which will lead up in mid-channel between the Verres and Four Rocks and the rocky ledge, named the Rousse, in from 6 to 4 fathoms. When approaching Fort du Coq, you steer up the river in mid-channel, and anchor before the town of Benodet in from 5 to 7 fathoms, sand and mud with a little gravel.

CONCARNEAU.-About 6 miles to the eastward of Benodet is Forest Bay, the land between being bordered by shoals and rocks, many of which appear at low tide; it therefore is necessary to be very cautious when navigating this part. On the western side of Forest Bay is Beg-meil Point, distinguished by a battery and signal-post, off which a rocky ledge extends about three-quarters of a mile, and on the opposite side is Fort Cabellou, with several dangerous ledges close-to. Forest Bay has a great many shoals in it, with several rocks

The marks for this rock are Tregune Church in one with Point Mousterlin, and Benodet Church in one with Fort du Coq. This latter mark also clears, to the westward, the dangerous rocks which extend nearly 2 miles to the southward of Mousterlin Point,

above water, but afford shelter to vessels well acquainted with the coast, which anchor in 5 to 64 fathoms, muddy bottom.

The harbour of Concarneau is on the eastern side of the bay, near Fort Cabellou. The entrance is strewed with rocks, upon one of which, named Le Cochon, there is a beacon. Most of these dangers dry at low water, and then appear from 1 to 16 feet above the surface of the sea, but there are some patches which at that time have not more than 2 to 5 feet over them. The Men-Cren is a rock which never covers, and is situated on the west side of the channel-way into the harbour; to the eastward of this is the road, and here small vessels lie in 5 to 6 fathoms, sand, mud, and shells.

Two fixed lights have been established at this port. One is shown from Fort La Croix at 46 feet above the sea, and can be seen 9 miles off. The other is situate between Concarneau and Beuzec, at 2052 yards, N.N.E. E., from the former, and is 177 feet above the sea, and can be seen at the distance of 12 miles.

In coming from the southward, after passing the Basse Jaune Bank, care is necessary to avoid the Corven de Trevignon, Les Soldats, and other dangers off Point Trevignon. It is recommended to keep the lead going, and to preserve a depth of 17 to 16 fathoms, shoaling gradually to 12 and 11 fathoms as you approach the port, on account of these dangers being all steep-to, and but few of them appearing above the surface of the water, except at low tide, when Les Soldats, Flaharn, and others, uncover: the bottom is generally green mud and clay. To sail into the harbour in the day-time, bring Beuzec Church exactly in one with Concarneau Church, and in the night-time bring the two lights in one with each other; which marks lead in, in the best water, between the rocky patches named Lue-vras, Men-Cren on the one side, the Menfall, Barzic, Cochon on the other side. When close to the Men-Cren you must bear up towards the Mill du Bois, and steer into the port, avoiding the rocks close to the jetty-head.

At 1 mile to the southward of Fort Cabellou is Point Jument, which is rocky to some little distance off. About half a mile from the point, there is an extensive flat of 3 to 7 fathoms, with several shoal spots upon it ofto 3 fathoms. The outermost of these patches is named the Corven, and has 24 fathoms upon it at low water. From hence to Point Trevignon, the distance is 3 miles in a south-easterly direction, the coast being bordered all the way by dangerous shoals. This point is distinguished by a fort and a signal-house. The outermost of the rocks, named the Corven de Trevignon, lies 1 mile from the point, with St. Philibert Church bearing E.N.E. E., distant 24 miles. A short distance from this rock is the Flaharn, which dries; and to the north of the Flaharn is an extensive group of rocks, which show at low water, named the Soldats.

From Point Trevignon the coast runs easterly about 5 miles to the entrance of the small rivers Aven and Belon. About midway there is a small island, at a mile from the shore, named Verte, or Green Island; and within this there is another, named Raguenés, close to the land. There are also numerous dangerous patches, which would render a near approach to the shore imprudent. Before the entrance of the rivers there are two rocky ledges, named Les Verres and Le Cochon, which dry at low water, and also a bank of 34 fathoms, named Le Trepied; so that in making the entrance you must steer so as to leave these on your starboard side. The passage in is in 8 to 10 fathoms water, decreasing as you advance; and when you get between the points of the river, you will have 3 to 24 fathoms; or, in coming from the eastward, you can enter the rivers by keeping near the shore, there being 3 to 4 fathoms all the way; but both rivers are shallow and barred.

About 2 miles to the southward of these rivers is Beg Meg Point, close to which are some rocks which dry, named Les Cochons. Immediately to the eastward of this point is a small place named Port Brigneau, with rocks on each side of the entrance; and three-quarters of a mile further on is another place named Port Meryen, the entrance to which is also rocky. A little more than a mile from Port Meryen there is a signal-house; and at the distance of 1 mile from the same place is a creek named Port de Douelah. From hence to the little River Quimperlé the distance is 3 miles. The entrance of the river is narrow and shallow, but when within it deepens; and the small town is about 7 miles from the entrance. Here a considerable trade is carried on.

From Quimperlé the coast turns to the southward, forming the small Bay of Pouldu. The soundings in the bay are generally 10 fathoms, decreasing gradually as you approach the river, before the entrance of which there are but 24 at low water. At the entrance of the river there are also some rocky ledges, which dry 4 feet at low tide. From Quimperlé River to Talut Point the distance is 5 miles, with some extensive rocky patches about midway, which must be carefully avoided; it is therefore recommended not to go within 2 miles of the coast. Many of these patches dry, and upon one of them near the shore is a small fortress, named Fort de Kergan. From this fortress to Talut Point the coast is rocky all the way to some little distance out, and should not, therefore, be approached too near. From Talut Point the coast runs easterly about 3 miles, to the entrance of Port Louis, and is rocky all the way.

THE GLENAN ISLANDS are an extensive group of islands and rocks, situated to the south of Benodet Bay. The largest and principal islands are named Penfret, St. Nicholas, Loch, Drenec, and Castle-bras; and between them are numerous channels, well known to the fishermen of the neighbourhood. Upon Cygogne Island, the centre of the cluster, is a fortress, which is said to be bomb-proof. It is well secured, as it is entirely surrounded by water, which is in many places so shallow that a man may cross on foot to the islands in the vicinity. Within the islands there is no anchorage or passage unless for very small vessels, and these will lie within reach of shot from the fort.

The largest and most easterly island of the group is Penfret Island, which is nearly a mile in length, being low in the middle, but rising at its extremities so as to form two hills. It is cultivated, and supplied with excellent water. On the northern point of the island is a lighthouse, which exhibits an intermitting light, flashing every 4 minutes. The light is 72 feet above the ground, and 118 feet above the level of high water. Bright flashes regulary succeed each other every 4 minutes, and last about 8 or 10 seconds. The faint light, which is perceptible during the intervals, is preceded and followed by short eclipses, and may be seen in clear weather 5 leagues off* On both sides of the island are fine sandy bays, and boats may always land to leeward.

The northern side of the Glenan Islands is, in general, pretty clear, as you may sail near the largest of the group, and anchor in 9 and 10 fathoms; but this must not be attempted by strangers, as there are many rocks about.

* There is but little apparent difference between this light and that near Noirmoustier Island, on the Pillier, in lat. 47 deg. 2 min. 26 sec. N., long. 2 deg. 21 min. 32 sec. W.; but there is no danger of mistaking one for the other, as it is not possible for any vessel from seaward to arrive in sight of Penfret light, without having previously seen either the light of Belle Island or that of Penmark; and when approaching the Chaussée de Sein, there are visible at the same time the flashing light on the Ile de Sein and the fixed light on the Bec du Raz.